scholarly journals Monitoring of PAHs in the natural protected areas in non-heating season using Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst) needles

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 01004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacek Borgulat ◽  
Tomasz Staszewski ◽  
Włodzimierz Łukasik
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
National Parks ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Heating Season ◽  
Natural Protected Areas ◽  
Potential Index ◽  
Carcinogenic Potential ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Hazard Level ◽  
Spruce Needles

This paper presents the results of the screening investigation of the environmental burden of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the natural protected areas in non-heating season. Current year spruce needles were used as a bioacummulative indicator. The total exposure at 15 PAHs (2-6 rings) and carcinogenic potential of these compounds were taken as parameters describing the hazard level. Sampling, in a uniform way, was made in the Silesian Voivodeship landscape parks and the selected Polish national parks as well as in the reference sites with characteristic pattern of PAHs emission, namely in industrialized urban areas and near the expressway. The presence of PAHs, including carcinogenic ones, was shown in all the localities; their content in needles sampled in the natural protective areas was slightly diversified and ranged from 145 to 339 ng/g- (d. w.). Higher differences were observed for carcinogenic potential index (CP) which varied from 2.2 to 18.2. The analysis of PAHs profiles has shown that despite the seasonal lack of intensive emissions from domestic heating, in the majority of natural protective areas pyrogenic sources have also been identified. Profiles of PAHs found in Karkonoski and Ojcowski NPs suggest their petrogenic origin probably due to the intensive tourism (emissions from car engines) in those areas.

scholarly journals Application of DMAIC Process Improvement Methodology as an Instrument for Integrated Water Resources Management in Protected Areas

2020 ◽  
pp. 48-62
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
National Parks ◽  
Water Resource Management ◽  
Water Environment ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Integrated Water Resources Management ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Natural Protected Areas

A significant part of the Sochi resort region is included into the unique natural protected areas, such as the Caucasus biosphere reserve and Sochi National Park. Development of the regional economy is largely dependent on the natural geo/bio/cenoses management effectiveness on the protected territories. Monitoring of the water resources status and their management is of the particular importance, since the biodiversity of the aquatic environment and the terrestrial flora and fauna of the area dependent on these factors, as well as ensuring the citizen’s requirements and rights. However, presently no one of the existing water environment state assessment methods is able to account various and complex natural communities’ responses to different stress factors and their combined impact.The article presents the world experience on concept of the Integrated Water Resource Management (IWRM) application and development of the some aspect of the comprehensive natural resources regulation methodology. The authors believe that some elements of environmental management practiced in national parks and reserves of the republic of South Africa can be applicable in development of a system that provides consistent monitoring of environmental quality, the mastering of a sufficient and user-friendly database, based on a set of measures for the conservation and restoration of natural resources One of the most significant watercourses of the protected nature territories of the South of Russia, the Mzymta River has been used as a study case

scholarly journals Annual exposure to PAHs in urban environments linked to wintertime wood-burning episodes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irini Tsiodra ◽  
Georgios Grivas ◽  
Kalliopi Tavernaraki ◽  
Aikaterini Bougiatioti ◽  
Maria Apostolaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Fine Particulate Matter ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Sampling Campaign ◽  
Carcinogenic Potential ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Local Sources ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

Abstract. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are organic pollutants in fine particulate matter (PM) long known to have mutagenic and carcinogenic effects, but much is unknown about the importance of local and remote sources to PAH levels observed in population-dense urban environments. A year-long sampling campaign in Athens, Greece, where more than 150 samples were analyzed for 31 PAHs and a wide range of chemical markers were used in combination with Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) to constrain the temporal variability, sources and carcinogenic risk associated with PAHs. We find that biomass burning (BB), a source mostly effective during wintertime intense pollution events (observed for 18 % of measurement days in 2017), lead to wintertime PAH levels 7 times higher than in other seasons and was responsible for annual mean PAH concentrations (31 %) comparable to those from diesel/oil (33 %) and gasoline (29 %) sources. The contribution of non-local sources, although limited on an annual basis (7 %), was increased during summer, becoming comparable to that of local sources combined. The fraction of PAHs associated with BB is linked to increased health risk compared to the other sources, accounting for almost half the annual carcinogenic potential of PAHs (43 %). This can result in a larger number of excess cancer cases due to BB-related high PM levels and urges immediate action to reduce residential BB emissions in urban areas facing similar issues.

scholarly journals Natural Ecosystem-Units in Israel and the Palestinian Authority - Representativeness in Protected Areas and Suggested Solutions for Biodiversity Conservation

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dotan Rotem ◽  
Gilad Weil
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
National Parks ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Geographic Location ◽  
Natural Ecosystem ◽  
Palestinian Authority ◽  
Forest Reserves ◽  
Landscape Types ◽  
African Rift

Abstract The geographic location of Israel and the Palestinian Authorityon the border between Mediterranean and desert climate, and the strong topographic and geomorphological variation resulting from its position on the Great African Rift Valley, combine to sustain a great diversity of landscapes in a very small country. The purpose of this study is to determine whether the protected areas in Israel and the Palestinian Authority adequately represent the range of landscapes and ecosystems in the region. Altogether, we defined 23 natural ecosystem-units in Israel and the Palestinian Authority, of which 17 are terrestrial landscapes and 6 are aquatic systems. In considering the adequacy of coverage in protected areas, we mapped Israel and the Palestinian Authority landscapes according to a set of environmental factors (climatic, geomorphological, geological and botanical) that we believe most effectively distinguish landscape types in this region. When the separation between adjacent units relies on sharp topographic or edaphic change in the landscape, the mapped units can be separated by a clear and sharp line. When adjacent units are actually a gradient of continuous environmental conditions the separation lines relied mostly on botanic characteristics. The main land use categories in this analysis were urban areas, agricultural areas, nature reserves, national parks and forest reserves. For the first time in Israel and the Palestinian Authority, we quantified the different landscape types under the different categories of land use. This process, known as systematic conservation planning, allowed us to detect natural landscapes that are underrepresented in protected areas, and can guide decision makers to establish or improve management for the better representation of biodiversity.

scholarly journals Terrestrial biodiversity threatened by increasing global aridity velocity under high-level warming

2021 ◽  
Vol 118 (36) ◽  
pp. e2015552118
Author(s):  
Hao Shi ◽  
Hanqin Tian ◽  
Stefan Lange ◽  
Jia Yang ◽  
Shufen Pan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Physiological Response ◽  
Natural Protected Areas ◽  
Species Ranges ◽  
Terrestrial Species ◽  
Terrestrial Biodiversity ◽  
High Level ◽  
Agricultural Areas

Global aridification is projected to intensify. Yet, our knowledge of its potential impacts on species ranges remains limited. Here, we investigate global aridity velocity and its overlap with three sectors (natural protected areas, agricultural areas, and urban areas) and terrestrial biodiversity in historical (1979 through 2016) and future periods (2050 through 2099), with and without considering vegetation physiological response to rising CO2. Both agricultural and urban areas showed a mean drying velocity in history, although the concurrent global aridity velocity was on average +0.05/+0.20 km/yr−1 (no CO2 effects/with CO2 effects; “+” denoting wetting). Moreover, in drylands, the shifts of vegetation greenness isolines were found to be significantly coupled with the tracks of aridity velocity. In the future, the aridity velocity in natural protected areas is projected to change from wetting to drying across RCP (representative concentration pathway) 2.6, RCP6.0, and RCP8.5 scenarios. When accounting for spatial distribution of terrestrial taxa (including plants, mammals, birds, and amphibians), the global aridity velocity would be -0.15/-0.02 km/yr−1 (“-” denoting drying; historical), -0.12/-0.15 km/yr−1 (RCP2.6), -0.36/-0.10 km/yr−1 (RCP6.0), and -0.75/-0.29 km/yr−1 (RCP8.5), with amphibians particularly negatively impacted. Under all scenarios, aridity velocity shows much higher multidirectionality than temperature velocity, which is mainly poleward. These results suggest that aridification risks may significantly influence the distribution of terrestrial species besides warming impacts and further impact the effectiveness of current protected areas in future, especially under RCP8.5, which best matches historical CO2 emissions [C. R. Schwalm et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 117, 19656–19657 (2020)].

scholarly journals Aspects of tourism development in natural national park “Skolivski Beskydy”

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (40) ◽  
pp. 243-250
Author(s):  
M. Kadnichanska
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Key Words ◽  
National Parks ◽  
National Park ◽  
Tourism Development ◽  
Resource Potential ◽  
Natural Protected Areas ◽  
Tourism Potential

The peculiarities of development of tourism in the National Park “Skole Beskydy” are considered. Described is the tou-rist resource potential of the park. The article highlights problems and prospects of national parks for ecotourism. Key words: natural national park, eco-tourism, eco-tourism potential, natural protected areas (fund).

scholarly journals Aspects of tourism and recreation development in Yavorov natural national park

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (43) ◽  
pp. 38-44
Author(s):  
M. Kadnichanska
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Key Words ◽  
National Parks ◽  
National Park ◽  
Resource Potential ◽  
Natural Protected Areas ◽  
Tourist Resource ◽  
Tourism Potential

The peculiarities of development of tourism in the Yavorov National Park. Described tourist resource potential of the park. Highlights problems and prospects of national parks for ecotourism. Key words: natural national park, eco-tourism, eco-tourism potential, natural protected areas (fund).

scholarly journals Community Adaptive Capacity in Peri-Urban Natural Protected Areas: A Case Study Near Mexico City

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 4416
Author(s):  
Ana Quiroz-Ibarra ◽  
Pablo Torres-Lima ◽  
Kristen Conway-Gómez
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Adaptive Capacity ◽  
Mexico City ◽  
National Parks ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Environmental Conservation ◽  
Natural Protected Areas ◽  
Ecological Resources

Conservation of natural protected areas (NPA), including national parks (NP) in socio-ecological contexts, as spaces essential to the conservation of ecosystems can be closely linked to the adaptive capacity and resilience of the communities associated with them. To analyze the adaptive capacity of the community in Ejido Emiliano Zapata (Emerald Forest) in east peri-urban Mexico City and its influence on the sustainability of Iztaccíhuatl Popocatépetl National Park (NP Izta-Popo), interviews and focus groups within the framework of participatory research were used. We found that there is a close relationship between adaptative strategies of this local community and the NP Izta-Popo Management Program. Strategies such as the sustainable use of ecological resources (ecotourism) based on training, educational, and traditional tools generate economic benefits for families and ecosystem services for environmental conservation. However, the lack of coordination among local and federal institutions represents a gap that the community seeks to reduce through active participation in governance processes that directly affect environmental degradation. Thus, the adaptive capacity of this community, in a context of change and risk, plays an important role in decreasing the ecological deterioration of NP Izta-Popo through participatory, inclusive, and bidirectional approaches.

scholarly journals Termite (Insecta, Isoptera) fauna from natural parks of the northeast region of Argentina

2004 ◽  
Vol 61 (6) ◽  
pp. 665-670 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrique Rafael Laffont ◽  
Gladys Josefina Torales ◽  
Juan Manuel Coronel ◽  
Manuel Osvaldo Arbino ◽  
María Celina Godoy
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
National Parks ◽  
National Park ◽  
Natural Areas ◽  
Termite Species ◽  
Natural Protected Areas ◽  
Northeast Region ◽  
Insect Biodiversity ◽  
Natural Parks ◽  
The Family

The knowledge of insect biodiversity in natural areas of Argentina is limited, and termites are among the understudied taxa. In order to assess the diversity of Isoptera in some protected areas of the country, termite sampling within three National Parks of the Northeast region of Argentina was developed during 1995-1999. The results presented in this paper correspond to the Chaco National Park (Province of Chaco), Iguassu National Park (Province of Misiones) and Mburucuya National Park (Province of Corrientes). Among the four termite families recorded from Argentina, the family Termitidae was the best represented at the three sampled areas. The recorded genera (15) were: Rugitermes Holmgren and Tauritermes Krishna (Kalotermitidae), Heterotermes Frogatt (Rhinotermitidae), Cornitermes Wasmann, Cortaritermes Mathews, Diversitermes Holmgren, Nasutitermes Dudley, Velocitermes Holmgren (Nasutitermitinae), Amitermes Silvestri, Microcerotermes Silvestri, Neocapritermes Holmgren, Termes Linné (Termitinae), Anoplotermes Müller, Aparatermes Fontes and Ruptitermes Mathews (Apicotermitinae) (Termitidae). None of the collected termite species was common to the three National Parks, and only four of them were detected at two of the reserves. Due to the particular assemblage of termites found at each park, these three natural protected areas could be considered important reserves for the conservation of the termite fauna from the Northeast region of Argentina.

scholarly journals Sustainable Tourism and Natural Protected Areas: Exploring Local Population Perceptions in a Post-Conflict Scenario

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 331
Author(s):  
Delia M. Andries ◽  
Cecilia Arnaiz-Schmitz ◽  
Pablo Díaz-Rodríguez ◽  
Cristina Herrero-Jáuregui ◽  
María F. Schmitz
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Multiple Correspondence Analysis ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Tourism Development ◽  
Economic Transformation ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Natural Protected Areas ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
The One

The expansion of urban areas around the world and the application of the sustainability paradigm to tourism discourses has favored an increase in the number of people visiting natural protected areas (NPAs) in their leisure time. While tourism is desired to boost the economy of destinations, mismanagement can bring negative consequences for social–ecological systems, particularly in post-conflict rural scenarios. In the context of a broader ethnographic research, we analyzed the perceptions of the local population about tourism development in the NPA Jaltepeque Estuary (El Salvador, Central America) and the establishment of a Biosphere Reserve in the area, using structured questionnaires and Multiple Correspondence Analysis for the typification of social actors. We found that overall, the population regards positively the development of tourism in the area. Fishermen are the only ones who highlight the negative economic consequences of tourism development, claiming disparity in the distribution of benefits and an increase in the cost of living. We conclude that although tourism development is an activity desired by local people, there is a need in the community to discuss how this process of socio-economic transformation should be approached and an evident conflict between two different models: the one desired and offered by the population and the one that is currently being developed in the nearby Costa del Sol corridor.

(A review) Atlas of especially protected natural areas of Saint Petersburg / Ed. in chief V. N. Khramtsov, T. V. Kovaleva, N. Yu. Natsvaladze. St. Petersburg, 2013. 176 p.

2014 ◽  
pp. 124-129
Author(s):  
Z. V. Karamysheva
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Natural Areas ◽  
Natural Protected Areas ◽  
Saint Petersburg ◽  
Natural Processes ◽  
Original Illustrations ◽  
Vegetation Maps ◽  
Protected Natural Areas

The review contains detailed description of the «Atlas of especially protected natural areas of Saint Petersburg» published in 2013. This publication presents the results of long-term studies of 12 natural protected areas made by a large research team in the years from 2002 to 2013 (see References). The Atlas contains a large number of the historical maps, new satellite images, the original illustrations, detailed texts on the nature of protected areas, summary tables of rare species of vascular plants, fungi and vertebrates recorded in these areas. Special attention is paid to the principles of thematic large-scale mapping. The landscape maps, the vegetation maps as well as the maps of natural processes in landscapes are included. Reviewed Atlas deserves the highest praise.

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