Monostearin effects on the formation of precipitate in palm oil biodiesel and petroleum diesel blends with various storage temperature

Biodiesel is one of the renewable energy forms that is on demand in Indonesia. In the biodiesel production process, impurities such as Saturated Monoglycerides (SMG) in the form of monostearin that precipitate at low temperature are commonly formed. This is caused by high Final Melting Temperature (FMT) of SMG. Formation of solid deposits when it reaches a temperature above Cloud Point (CP) is then unavoidable under these conditions. The use of palm oil biodiesel and petroleum diesel blends (BXX) with biodiesel blend ratio of 10% (B10), 20% (B20) and 30% (B30) accelerates precipation process which renders clogging on fuel filters. These works examined the effect monostearin content and temperature on the precipitation rate. Investigation is carried out at 15°C, 20°C, 25°C, and room temperature (30-33°C) with varying content of monostearin (0.4%, 0.7%, and 0.9%). Early results show that for 0.4% monostearin content in 100 ml B20, the amount of precipitate formed at temperature 15 oC was 31.3 mg. This value was higher than that at room temperature (6.3 mg) after 2 weeks storage time. This value was higher compared to B20 (21.5 mg). This indicates that as the biodiesel ratio in BXX become higher, the amount of FAME will increase which effect monostearin solubility in BXX at low temperature.

Download Full-text

Improvement of Low Temperature Properties of Jatropha-Corn Biodiesel Blend with the Addition of Acrylic Co-Polymer

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.781-784.2480 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 781-784 ◽

pp. 2480-2483

Author(s):

Ho May Yun ◽

Junaid Ahmad ◽

Suzana Yusup ◽

Ruzaimah Nik Mohammad Kamil ◽

Vui Soon Chok ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Methyl Ester ◽

Low Temperature ◽

Edible Oils ◽

Biodiesel Production ◽

Cold Filter Plugging Point ◽

Flow Properties ◽

Blend Ratio ◽

Cold Flow ◽

Biodiesel Blend ◽

Flow Improver

Inevitable low temperature properties is one of the major problems in commercialization of pure biodiesel. Increasing the usage of edible oil in biodiesel production creates the fuel versus food controversy. This paper involves the study of cold flow properties of edible and non-edible oils biodiesel. Corn biodiesel and jatropha biodiesel are blended respectively. The blend ratio of corn methyl ester and jatropha methyl ester CME: JME (20:80) has the oxidative stability of 6.42 hours and cold filter plugging point value of-2 oC. An additive of acrylic co-polymer as the cold flow improver (CFI) reduced the CFPP value from-2 oC to-6 oC which results in better low temperature properties of corn-jatropha biodiesel blend.

Download Full-text

Hydrothermic Treatment Effects on Some Ripening Changes on Mango Fruits (Mangifera indica L) `Crillo de Bocado' during Storage: II. Chemical Parameters

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.33.3.520e ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 33 (3) ◽

pp. 520e-520

Author(s):

Juan E Manzano ◽

Oswaldo Valor

Keyword(s):

Low Temperature ◽

Storage Time ◽

Storage Temperature ◽

Mangifera Indica ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Soluble Solids Content ◽

Chemical Parameters ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Solids Content ◽

Green Stage

Mango fruits `Criollo de Bocado' harvested at the mature-green stage were treated with a hydrothermic treatment of 55 °C for 3 min and stored for 20 days at temperatures of 10 ± 2, 15 ± 2 and 28 ± 2 °C. A randomized design 2 × 3 × 4 with three replications was used. Some chemical parameters were analyzed, such as total soluble solids content (% TSS), pH, tritatable acidity, and TSS/tritatable acidity ratio. TSS content increased with storage time at low temperature. The pH increased measurably with storage temperature, while tritatable acidity values results had inconsistent data.

Download Full-text

Deep Eutectic Solvents Based Choline Chloride for Enzymatic Biodiesel Production from Degumming Palm Oil

Asian Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.14233/ajchem.2020.22193 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 32 (4) ◽

pp. 733-738 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

R. Manurung ◽

Taslim ◽

A.G.A. Siregar

Keyword(s):

Palm Oil ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Choline Chloride ◽

Deep Eutectic Solvent ◽

Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽

Biodiesel Production ◽

Chloride Salt ◽

Enzymatic Reactions ◽

Potential Applications ◽

Palm Oil Biodiesel

Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have numerous potential applications as cosolvents. In this study, use of DES as organic solvents for enzymatic biodiesel production from degumming palm oil (DPO) was investigated. Deep eutectic solvent was synthesized using choline chloride salt (ChCl) compounds with glycerol and 1,2-propanediol. Deep eutectic solvent was characterized by viscosity, density, pH and freezing values, which were tested for effectiveness by enzymatic reactions for the production of palm biodiesel with raw materials DPO. Deep eutectic solvent of ChCl and glycerol produced the highest biodiesel yield (98.98%); weight of DES was only 0.5 % of that of the oil. In addition, the use of DES maintained the activity and stability of novozym enzymes, which was assessed as the yield until the 6th usage, which was 95.07 % biodiesel yield compared with the yield without using DES. Hence, using DES, glycerol in enzymatic biodiesel production had high potentiality as an organic solvent for palm oil biodiesel production

Download Full-text

COLD TOLERANCE OF BANANA FRUITS OF DIFFERENT CULTIVARS

Revista Caatinga ◽

10.1590/1983-21252016v29n313rc ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 29 (3) ◽

pp. 629-641 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

JOÃO ALISON ALVES OLIVEIRA ◽

LUIZ CARLOS CHAMHUM SALOMÃO ◽

DALMO LOPES DE SIQUEIRA ◽

PAULO ROBERTO CECON

Keyword(s):

Relative Humidity ◽

Low Temperature ◽

Cold Storage ◽

Room Temperature ◽

Storage Time ◽

Chilling Injury ◽

Titratable Acidity ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Average Temperature ◽

C Storage

ABSTRACT The objective of this work was to evaluate the tolerance of fruits of different banana cultivars to low temperature storages. Fruits of the cultivars Nanicão (AAA), Prata (AAB), Vitória (AAAB), Maçã (AAB) and Caipira (AAA) were used. Clusters of three fruits were kept in cold storage for 7, 14 and 21 days, with average temperature of 10.53±0.37°C and relative humidity of 85%. Subsequently, the clusters were transferred to temperatures of 22±0.39°C and evaluated for 16 days. The fruits of all cultivars remained green after 21 days of storage at 10.53±0.37°C. Fruits of the cultivar Nanicão did not completely ripened after transferred to the 22°C storage, when stored for 7 days at low temperature. These fruits were firmer, with green peel and low soluble solids and titratable acidity. The fruits of all cultivars complete the ripening when transferred to room temperature after 21 days of cold storage. Chilling injuries increased with cold storage time in all cultivars. The cultivars Nanicão, Caipira and Maçã had more symptoms of chilling injury, while Prata and Vitória were more tolerant to the cold storage (10.53°C) for up to 21 days, showing normal ripening after transferred to the 22±0.39°C storage.

Download Full-text

Flow-mode biodiesel production from palm oil using a pressurized microwave reactor

Green Processing and Synthesis ◽

10.1515/gps-2017-0116 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 8-14 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Seyed Mohammad Safieddin Ardebili ◽

Xinyu Ge ◽

Giancarlo Cravotto

Keyword(s):

Palm Oil ◽

Irradiation Time ◽

Biodiesel Production ◽

Molar Ratio ◽

Flow Mode ◽

Reaction Conditions ◽

Surface Method ◽

Optimized Conditions ◽

Reactor Pressure ◽

Palm Oil Biodiesel

Abstract The factors that influence microwave-assisted biodiesel production reactions have been analyzed in this investigation. The studied parameters included microwave (MW) power, irradiation time, and reactor pressure. The response surface method was used to optimize the reaction conditions. The conversion for the 6:1 methanol/oil molar ratio and 1% catalyst ranged from 68.4% to 96.71%. The optimized conditions were found to be 138 s of MW irradiation at 780 W and 7 bar pressure. The conversion at this point was 97.82%. Biodiesel yield increased at higher radiation times (90–130 s) and pressures (5–7 bar). Results show that MW power and irradiation time have significant effects at the 1% level, whereas pressure had significant effects at the 5% level on biodiesel production in this range. The major properties of the palm oil biodiesel produced herein have met the requirements of the EN 14214 methyl ester standard.

Download Full-text

Influence of storage time and temperature on the activity of urease

Bulgarian Chemical Communications ◽

10.34049/bcc.51.2.4536 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 51 (2) ◽

pp. 159-163

Author(s):

B. Alev ◽

S. Tunali ◽

R. Yanardag ◽

A. Yarat

Keyword(s):

Room Temperature ◽

Storage Time ◽

Urease Activity ◽

Storage Temperature ◽

Practical Importance ◽

Storage Conditions ◽

Relative Activity ◽

Significant Loss ◽

Long Term Storage ◽

Activity Measurements

Enzymes are made of protein, that is why they are sensitive molecules and are affected by storage conditions. A small change in enzyme activity during storage may cause a big error in analysis results. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of storage time and temperature on urease activity. Urease solutions were prepared at different activities (from 100 to 2000 U/mL) and stored at room temperature, in the refrigerator (4°C), and in the deep freezer (-18°C and -80°C). Activity measurements were made at regular intervals until 28 days by the modified Weatherburn method. The relative activities of 100-1000 U/mL urease solutions stored at room temperature, 4, -18 or -80°C were 75% and below after 4 days. Twenty-eight days later, for 2000 U/mL urease solutions, only at room temperature, the relative activity was reduced to 37%, while at 4, -18 or -80°C, the relative activities were above 80%. Since urease can be maintained at 4°C for 28 days without significant loss of activity, it has practical importance. Low-activity urease solutions (such as 100-1000 U/mL) should not be stored at -18 or -80°C for short or long term storage, they should be stored at 4°C only for one day. Keywords: Urease activity, storage time, storage temperature

Download Full-text

Evaluation of kinetics and thermodynamic parameters for simulation of palm oil biodiesel production

Fluid Phase Equilibria ◽

10.1016/j.fluid.2020.112792 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 525 ◽

pp. 112792

Author(s):

Mateus F. Souza ◽

Gláucia F. Hirata ◽

Eduardo A. C. Batista

Keyword(s):

Thermodynamic Parameters ◽

Palm Oil ◽

Biodiesel Production ◽

Palm Oil Biodiesel ◽

Kinetics And Thermodynamic

Download Full-text

Formulation of Buprenorphine for Sublingual Use in Neonates

The Journal of Pediatric Pharmacology and Therapeutics ◽

10.5863/1551-6776-16.4.281 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 16 (4) ◽

pp. 281-284 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ellena A. Anagnostis ◽

Rania E. Sadaka ◽

Linda A. Sailor ◽

David E. Moody ◽

Kevin C. Dysart ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Room Temperature ◽

Storage Time ◽

Storage Temperature ◽

Sublingual Administration ◽

Tandem Mass ◽

Abstinence Syndrome ◽

Length Of Treatment ◽

The Mean ◽

The Stability ◽

Length Of Hospitalization

OBJECTIVES The only medication used sublingually in the neonate is buprenorphine for the treatment of neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS). Compared with morphine, buprenorphine reduces the length of treatment and length of hospitalization in neonates treated for NAS. The objective of this study was to characterize the stability of ethanolic buprenorphine for sublingual administration. METHODS Buprenorphine solution was prepared and stored in amber glass source bottles at either 68°F to 77°F (20°C-25°C) or 36°F to 46°F (2.2°C-7.8°C). Samples were collected from each of these batches on days 0, 3, 7, 14, and 30. Additional samples were withdrawn at baseline from each batch and placed in oral dispensing syringes for 3 and 7 days. Buprenorphine concentration was assessed by liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization–tandem mass spectrometry. RESULTS Neither storage temperature (p=0.65) nor storage time (p=0.24) significantly affected buprenorphine concentrations. All of the mean concentrations, regardless of storage temperature, were above 95% of the labeled concentration, and the potency was maintained for samples stored either in the original amber glass source bottles or in oral syringes. CONCLUSIONS An ethanolic buprenorphine solution is stable at room temperature for 30 days.

Download Full-text