scholarly journals Conflicts in the land use in mountainous territories

2020 ◽  
Vol 164 ◽  
pp. 07018
Author(s):  
Zaur Ivanov ◽  
Alim Gurtuev ◽  
Zara Kunasheva ◽  
Zukhra Khocheva
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Reform ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Land Ownership ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Market Mechanisms ◽  
Land Conflicts ◽  
The North ◽  
Land Disputes ◽  
The Right

The purpose of the study is to determine the causes of conflicts in the land use in land-hungry regions and to develop optimal solutions in land disputes. The research is based on the field data, collected in land- hungry regions of Russian Caucasus and historical data for same regions. We analyze the data acquired and use the system approach for developing a classification for studied conflicts. It supports the thesis that the agricultural land ownership is critical for the development of a stable regional system of agricultural production. In the majority of Russian regions land reform has been already carried out. Thus, market mechanisms for the functioning and realization of the right to use and possession of agricultural land are in effect. But in North Caucasus republics, institutionalization of land ownership is still vague. As a result, the number of disputes and conflicts in land use is growing. In the article, we carried out a classification of conflicts in land use and the analysis of land conflicts in the republics of the North Caucasus.

scholarly journals Evaluation of technical and economic effect from setup of distributed photovoltaic generation on the Right-of-Way land of the North Caucasus Railway

2019 ◽  
Vol 114 ◽  
pp. 05004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibragim Asanov ◽  
Elizaveta Sharaborova ◽  
Egor Loktionov
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Right Of Way ◽  
The North ◽  
The Right

In this work, we consider the concept of using a distributed solar power plant, setup on the right-of-way of the railroad. The proposed solution allows to shave peaks of electricity consumption without additional land alienation, using the existing power grids. The concept includes the setup of solar panels on the alienated land of the railroad. PV can be placed directly on the cross ties using damping elements, on the embankment slopes and on the right-of-way land. This solution allows minimizing the cost of solar panels installation along the railway tracks. The North Caucasus railway was considered to assess the gross, technical and economic potential of the proposed solution. The operational length of the railroad there is 6,472 km. The railway consists of large non-electrified sections, segments powered with 25 kV AC and 3 kV DC. The railroad is used not only for cargo transport, but also for long-distance and suburban passenger traffic. We have considered different scenarios for right-of-way land use rate and have shown that possible project costs could be reduced by ca. 25% by double land use only. This does not include shared electric grid infrastructure use that also should benefit considerably, but is hard to be estimated. While the potential nameplate capacity of such power plants within one region is 10s-100s of MW.

scholarly journals Religion and Gender Policy Implementation in Zimbabwe

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Landman ◽  
Shumba Sibiziwe
Keyword(s):  
Land Reform ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Land Ownership ◽  
Quota System ◽  
Gender Policy ◽  
Traditional Religions ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Right ◽  
African Traditional Religions

African women’s histories show that economic marginalisation of women is rampant. This article evaluates how the implementation of African Traditional Religions, Christianity and the new National Gender Policy (2013–2017) impact on women’s access to land ownership in the Gwanda district of Zimbabwe. The land reform programme, initiated by the Zimbabwean government, endeavoured to alleviate the limited access to land by women through a quota system. The new National Gender Policy (2013–2017) asserts that women should constitute 20% of all recipients of A2 farming land. Women now have the right to apply for A1 and A2 agricultural land, and it gives women authority to control land as a means of production. This marks a departure from the traditional custom where women would acquire land only through their husbands, fathers or any male relative. In this study, a mixed-method approach and case study design were applied to explore if this could eradicate gender inequality caused by religions on women’s access to land ownership? The instruments were questionnaires, interviews, focus group discussions and document analysis. Purposive sampling was used to select a sample of 80 participants. The findings are that the patriarchal system and cultural practices of African Traditional Religions and Christianity hinder women from accessing land. Some women have a fear of the unknown. The study recommends that women should be conscientised against the marginalising effects of religious, cultural and patriarchal practices, and informed on the contents of the current National Gender Policy (2013–2017). There should also be more female representation on the Land Allocation Committee.

scholarly journals Strategy and Management of Dispute Resolution, Land Conflicts at the Land Office of Sleman Regency

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Iswantoro Iswantoro
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Dispute Resolution ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Land Ownership ◽  
Registration System ◽  
Land Conflicts ◽  
Land Disputes ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
Legal Understanding

Complex land disputes from time to time have increased both in quality and quantity. The cause is due to the needs of increasingly complex land use while minimal land availability. In addition, the cause can be triggered by any regulations that overlap and occur disharmony in its implementation. This problem is coupled with the lack of legal understanding in society due to acts committed on its soil and the publication of the registration system, which adopts negative publications, opening the faucet lawsuit and objections from other parties on the ground registered. Inequality in land ownership and the certificate and the use of land that is not following the location permit, allotment, use, and utilization of the land made into the complex problems of land disputes. This condition needs to be made to seek justice, legal protection, and law enforcement, namely the judiciary. In addition, the settlement of land disputes can flow through administrative channels that BPN, Mediation, Reconciliation, and ADR, which action significantly contributed to the completion of land disputes. Therefore, the necessary stakeholders to these ideals can be realized. Keywords: Dispute Resolution, Land Conflicts, Land Office

scholarly journals Agriculture and land use in the North of Russia: Case study of Karelia and Yakutia

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1497-1511
Author(s):  
Alexey Naumov ◽  
Varvara Akimova ◽  
Daria Sidorova ◽  
Mikhail Topnikov
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
The North ◽  
The Republic

AbstractDespite harsh climate, agriculture on the northern margins of Russia still remains the backbone of food security. Historically, in both regions studied in this article – the Republic of Karelia and the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) – agricultural activities as dairy farming and even cropping were well adapted to local conditions including traditional activities such as horse breeding typical for Yakutia. Using three different sources of information – official statistics, expert interviews, and field observations – allowed us to draw a conclusion that there are both similarities and differences in agricultural development and land use of these two studied regions. The differences arise from agro-climate conditions, settlement history, specialization, and spatial pattern of economy. In both regions, farming is concentrated within the areas with most suitable natural conditions. Yet, even there, agricultural land use is shrinking, especially in Karelia. Both regions are prone to being affected by seasonality, but vary in the degree of its influence. Geographical location plays special role, and weaknesses caused by remoteness to some extent become advantage as in Yakutia. Proximity effect is controversial. In Karelia, impact of neighboring Finland is insignificant compared with the nearby second Russian city – Saint Petersburg.

scholarly journals Spatial Estimation of Soil Erosion Using RUSLE Modeling: A case study of Dolakha District, Nepal

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pawan Thapa
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Management Planning ◽  
Erosion Risk ◽  
Spatial Estimation ◽  
The North ◽  
Soil Erosion Rate ◽  
Severe Erosion

Abstract Background: Soil erosion causes topsoil loss, which decreases fertility in agricultural land. Spatial estimation of soil erosion essential for an agriculture-dependent country like Nepal for developing its control plans. This study evaluated impacts on Dolakha using the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) model; analyses the effect of Land Use and Land Cover (LULC) on soil erosion. Results: The soil erosion rate categorized into six classes based on the erosion severity, and 5.01% of the areas found under extreme severe erosion risk (> 80 Mg ha-1yr-1) addressed by decision-makers for reducing its rate and consequences. Followed by 10 % classified between high and severe range from 10 to 80 Mg ha-1yr-1. While 15% and 70% of areas remained in a moderate and low-risk zone, respectively. Result suggests the area of the north-eastern part suffers from a high soil erosion risk due to steep slope. Conclusions: The result produces a spatial distribution of soil erosion over Dolakha, which applied for conservation and management planning processes, at the policy level, by land-use planners and decision-makers.

The legal status of emigrants from Russia in the first years after the October Revolution of 1917 (on the example of North Caucasians)

2021 ◽  
pp. 645-659
Author(s):  
Anzor A. Murdalov ◽  
Rustam A. Tovsultanov
Keyword(s):  
Legal Status ◽  
Second World War ◽  
October Revolution ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
International Convention ◽  
The North ◽  
History Of ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Right ◽  
Second World

Emigration has been known to mankind for more than a century. We name the factors contributing to emigration, give examples from the history of emigration both abroad and Russia. We emphasize that at the present time, Russian citizens emigrate to other countries, using the right to freely leave the state, and can also have dual citizenship under Russian law, or renounce citizenship, and then get it again. We pay special attention to the settlement of the territory of North Caucasus, which began in the 8th – 7th – 6th – 5th thousand BC. We analyze the features of emigration of people from North Caucasus after the October Revolution of 1917. The specifics of the emigration of people from this region of country are emphasized. Thus, the majority of people emigrated to the Ottoman Empire, and then moved to Europe. We indicate that in fact, after the adoption of the Decrees of the Central Executive Committee, the SNK of RSFSR in 1921, “On the deprivation of the rights of citizenship of certain categories of persons who are abroad” many emigrants from Russia, including North Caucasians, have become disenfranchised. This circumstance greatly influenced the publication of the Nansen passport (it was introduced in 1922 and became widespread in 1924), according to which emigrants were granted a number of legal and social rights. In addition, it is applicable to emigrants from Russia, including from the North Caucasus, in 1922 and 1926. The Geneva definition of “Russian refugee” was given, and the International Convention on the International Status of Refugees of 1933 created an alternative to naturalization for refugees from Russia. Subsequently, before the outbreak of the Second World War, people received, as a rule, the citizenship of the countries in which they began to live.

scholarly journals HARMONISASI REGULASI KEPEMILIKAN TANAH PERTANIAN SECARA ABSENTEE BAGI PEGAWAI NEGERI DALAM PROGRAM LANDREFORM

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 281
Author(s):  
Yunizar Wahyu Tristanto
Keyword(s):  
Land Reform ◽  
Government Regulation ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Land Ownership ◽  
Civil Servants ◽  
Start Time ◽  
The Government ◽  
Legal Subjects ◽  
And Control

Peoples needs can not be separated from the need of land . Once the importance of soil functions for society , need to be regulated in order to ensure the mastery and utilization at the same time in order to create legal certainty for the public . The problem that then arises since the start time of independence is disproportionate land ownership . In order to overcome these problems , the government has enacted Law No. 5 of 1960 About the Agrarian and the Reformation has been set TAP MPR No. IX / MPR / 2001 on Agrarian Reform and Natural Resources Management . One important aspect of the law with the enactment of the UUPA is a program of Landreform in Indonesia . Landreform became one of the alternatives for agrarian justice to resolve agrarian disputes and conflicts . one of the land reform program is the prohibition of absentee ownership of agricultural land. The problem that then occurs is the existence of exceptions in absentee land ownership . The problems regarding the permissibility of absentee ownership of agricultural land by the Servants . The exception contained in Article 3 Paragraph (4) of Government Regulation No. 224 of 1961 on the implementation of Land Distribution and Provision of Compensation. Ownership and control of agricultural soils in absentee in Article 10 Paragraph (1) UUPA is basically prohibited, but in Article 3 Paragraph (4) PP No. 224 years 1961, the government granted an exemption absentee ownership of agricultural land to some legal subjects of the Servant , retired civil servants , widows and widows of civil servants retired civil servants.

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