scholarly journals Energy potential and economic feasibility of biogas: case study of a landfill in Minas Gerais, Brazil

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Tatiane Leticia De Carvalho Souza ◽  
André Luiz Marques Rocha ◽  
Daniel Brianezi
Keyword(s):  
Methane Production ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
Intergovernmental Panel ◽  
Production Value ◽  
Electrical Energy Generation

The final disposal of solid waste in landfills may result in the production of a clean and renewable energy through the exploitation of biogas generated in these locations. This study aims to estimate the methane production in a landfill, with a total population of 237,298 inhabitants, and a total generation of waste of 83,561.78 ton/year, in the last year of operation, located in the state of Minas Gerais and evaluate the economic feasibility of a biogas exploitation project in this place, for electrical energy generation. The methane production was estimated by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) methodology, obtaining the maximum methane production value of 6,692,590 mÑ in the last year of operation of the landfill. For economic feasibility analysis, the tools, such as net present value, discounted payback, and internal rate of return, were used with values of R$ 1,323,684.90 for 8 years, 4 months, and 12 days, and 9% per annum, respectively, demonstrating that the implementation of the project for the use of biogas at the landfill was viable, with positive economic return.

scholarly journals Technical and Economic Analysis of Municipal Solid Waste Potential for Waste to Energy Plant (Case Study: Jatibarang Landfill Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia)

2020 ◽  
Vol 190 ◽  
pp. 00027
Author(s):  
Mohammad Soleh ◽  
Hadiyanto Hadiyanto ◽  
Jaka Windarta ◽  
Olga Anne ◽  
Roy Hendroko Setyobudi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Landfill Gas ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Intergovernmental Panel ◽  
Waste Dumps

Municipal solid waste (MSW) is still a serious problem in Indonesia. As well as following up on the Indonesian Government’s commitment to reduce carbon emissions, a Presidential decree Perpres Number 18 of 2016 concerning the Acceleration of the Development of Waste-Based Power Plants was made. It is expected that the construction of Waste-Based Power Plants from landfills can reduce the budget deficit in handling municipal waste while maintaining environmental preservation. This research calculates the potential of landfill gas that can be produced from the landfill waste dumps of Jatibarang, as well as the capacity of electrical energy that can be produced. Furthermore, with several types of plant scenarios used, it can be seen the economic feasibility of the construction of a Waste Based Power Plant in Jatibarang landfill. The landfill gas potential and economic feasibility for this study are calculated using the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Inventory Software and LFG-CostWeb from LandGEM. The results showed that only from the electricity sale Standard Reciprocating Engine-Generator Set project may generate a break even in the 6 yr after the operation begins and value of the net present value is USD 755 664 for 15 yr project lifetime.

scholarly journals Case Study: Pathways from Forest to Energy in a Circular Economy at Lafões

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana d’Espiney ◽  
Isabel Paula Marques ◽  
Helena Maria Pinheiro
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Methane Production ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Forest Residues ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
Broiler Production ◽  
Energy Conversion Systems ◽  
Present Case Study ◽  
Methane Production Potential

The present case study deals with new pathways in demand for forest residues disposal in the Lafões region (Portugal), since this biomass is presently regarded as a residue and eliminated through open air burning. Different biomass-to-energy conversion systems have a high sustainability value and, thus, the energy potential of the biomass supplied by the forest of Lafões was assessed, using GIS-based methods and assumptions from the literature. The Lafões region produces large amounts of chicken manure from which energy can be recovered through anaerobic digestion. The energy potential held by the effluent of the several classes of the poultry industry of Lafões was assessed, using IPCC 2006 guidelines to estimate their biomass and methane production potential. Furthermore, integrated solutions were pursued. The present challenge is to explore complementarities between effluents for anaerobic digestion to achieve improved energy and waste management system performances. The complementarity between the residues from maritime pine forest management and from broiler production was assessed through bench-scale anaerobic co-digestion assays, leading to increased methane production when compared to those achieved with single substrate anaerobic digestion. This result highlights the interest of further research concerning complementarities between other effluents in the Lafões region.

Feasibility Study of Methane Generation from Swine Manure and Eichhornia Crassipes [Mart.] Solms

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (12) ◽  
pp. 60-67
Author(s):  
Vanatpornratt Sawasdee ◽  
Nipon Pisutpaisal
Keyword(s):  
Methane Production ◽  
Water Hyacinth ◽  
Eichhornia Crassipes ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Swine Manure ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Methane Generation ◽  
Pre Treatment

This research was made to study the feasibility of methane generation from swine manure and water hyacinth (Eichhornia Crassipes [Mart.] Solms) under mesophilic conditions. The component of Eichhornia Crassipes [Mart.] Solms was analyzed before pretreatment that was 21.47% cellulose, 14.98% hemicellulose and 9.88% lignin respectively. Eichhornia Crassipes [Mart.] Solms was pre-treated by using the physical pre-treatment and physicalchemical pre-treatment method. The experiment was batch-test operated within forty days of fermentation when incubated at 37 °C. The highest methane production was obtained from water hyacinth physical pre-treatment with a swine manure ratio of 50:50, Hmax 490 ml, Rmax 0.90 ml h-1 and a yield of 135 ml CH4/ g TVS removal respectively. In terms of physicalchemical pre-treatment for water hyacinth, the highest methane production was obtained with water hyacinth to swine manure 50:50 ratio with Hmax 290 ml, Rmax 0.59 ml h-1 and a yield of 130 ml CH4/ g TVS removal respectively. These results showed that the physical pre-treatment method was suitable as a water hyacinth pretreatment for methane production. In terms of economic feasibility, it was evaluated that the cost, net present value (NPV), a benefit to cost ratio (B/C ratio) and payback period (PBP) were 64.27 USD, 12,116.60, 10.52 and thirteen months respectively. Finally, this research will be useful for aquatic invasive species management and biogas production.

scholarly journals SuperPro Designer®, User-Oriented Software Used for Analyzing the Techno-Economic Feasibility of Electrical Energy Generation from Sugarcane Vinasse in Colombia

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 1180
Author(s):  
Licelly Canizales ◽  
Fredy Rojas ◽  
Carlos A. Pizarro ◽  
Nelson. H. Caicedo-Ortega ◽  
M. F. Villegas-Torres
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Financial Feasibility ◽  
Process Simulator ◽  
Sugarcane Vinasse ◽  
Electrical Energy Generation

SuperPro Designer® is a process simulator software used for analyzing the techno-economic feasibility of large-scale bioprocesses. Its predetermined built-in features allow for easy implementation by non-experts, but a lack of examples limits its appropriation. This study aims to validate the implementation of SuperPro Designer® by non-experts for the techno-economic analysis of anaerobic digestion in Colombia, using vinasse as feedstock. These results demonstrate the financial feasibility of such a process when a processing flow rate of 25 m3/h is ensured. Additionally, this study validates the manageability of the tool for assessing the economic feasibility of a technology, a key practice during technology development regardless of the area of expertise.

Feasibility Analysis of a Hybrid Photovoltaic/Thermal Cogeneration System for Domestic Applications

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Ruiz-Casanova ◽  
Carlos Rubio-Maya ◽  
Ana Laura Soto-Sánchez ◽  
Crisanto Mendoza-Covarrubias ◽  
Jesús Martínez-Patiño
Keyword(s):  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Hybrid System ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Cash Flows ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Total Efficiency ◽  
Domestic Water ◽  
Cogeneration System ◽  
T System

A PV/T hybrid system is able to simultaneously produce electricity and heat from solar radiation. The feasibility of implementing PV/T systems depends primarily on climatic and economic characteristics of locations where are planned to be placed. Particularly in Mexico, there are only a few studies in the scientific literature which report the feasibility of using such innovative systems. Therefore, in this work the development of a techno-economic study is presented aiming to predict the performance and feasibility of implementation of this type of hybrid systems. Firstly, a PV/T system was designed to partially cover the needs of electricity and hot sanitary water in the domestic sector (considering a house of four inhabitants). Then, PV/T hybrid system operation was simulated using TRNSYS software over a full year using data from a typical meteorological year (TMY) of Morelia city (Michoacan State). Finally, an economic analysis was conducted, estimating the inherent cash flows and computing some economic indicators to determine the feasibility of implementation of PV/T system adapted to Mexican economic conditions. The simulation results show that the proposed system consisting of 1.55 m2 of collection area, will annually produce 1480.95 kWh and 393.57 kWh of thermal and electrical energy, respectively. The system is able to meet up to 51.2% of thermal energy and 29.2% of the electricity needed. The system reaches a total efficiency of 57.48%. The results of economic analysis indicate that in optimistic case, the proposed system has a simple payback period of 6.62 years, a net present value of $2129.0 Mexican pesos, and an internal rate of return of 14%, showing economic feasibility. The results show the great potential of the use of the hybrid PV/T systems for domestic water heating and electric production at particular locations in Mexico.

scholarly journals A Quadratically Constrained Optimization Problem for Determining the Optimal Nominal Power of a PV System in Net-Metering Model: A Case Study for Croatia

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 1746
Author(s):  
Luka Budin ◽  
Goran Grdenić ◽  
Marko Delimar
Keyword(s):  
Optimization Problem ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Discrete Optimization Problem ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Net Metering ◽  
Quadratically Constrained ◽  
The Impact

The world’s demand for electrical energy is increasing rapidly while the use of fossil fuels is getting limited more and more by energy policies and the need for reducing the impact of climate change. New sources of energy are required to fulfill the world’s demand for electricity and they are currently found in renewable sources of energy, especially in solar and wind power. Choosing the optimal PV nominal power minimizes the unnecessary surplus of electrical energy that is exported to the grid and thus is not making any impact on the grid more than necessary. Oversizing the PV system according to the Croatian net-metering model results in switching the calculation of the costs to the prosumer model which results in a decrease of the project’s net present value (NPV) and an increase in the payback period (PP). This paper focuses on formulating and solving the optimization problem for determining the optimal nominal power of a grid-connected PV system with a case study for Croatia using multiple scenarios in the variability of electricity production and consumption. In this paper, PV systems are simulated in the power range that corresponds to a typical annual high-tariff consumption in Croatian households. Choosing the optimal power of the PV system maximizes the investor’s NPV of the project as well as savings on the electricity costs. The PP is also minimized and is determined by the PV production, household consumption, discount rate, and geographic location. The optimization problem is classified as a quadratically constrained discrete optimization problem, where the value of the optimal PV power is not a continuous variable because the PV power changes with a step of one PV panel power. Modeling and simulations are implemented in Python using the Gurobi optimization solver.

scholarly journals Investigations on Biogas Recovery from Anaerobic Digestion of Raw Sludge and Its Mixture with Agri-Food Wastes: Application to the Largest Industrial Estate in Oman

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 3698
Author(s):  
Salah Jellali ◽  
Yassine Charabi ◽  
Muhammad Usman ◽  
Abdullah Al-Badi ◽  
Mejdi Jeguirim
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Food Wastes ◽  
Industrial Estates

This work is intended to evaluate the technical, environmental, and economic feasibility of converting the sludge produced at an industrial estate’s wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in Oman into energy through anaerobic digestion (AD). In this study, three different scenarios were analyzed. They concerned the digestion of the total amount of the produced sludge alone (240 m3 day−1) (scenario 1), and its co-digestion with wet agri-food wastes (AFW) at rates of two tonnes day−1 (scenario 2) and ten tonnes day−1 (scenario 3). Based on the analyses of sludge samples, an intensive literature review regarding sludge and AFW Physico-chemical and energetic characteristics and the use of the cost–benefit analysis (CBA) approach, it was found that, for the overall duration of the project (20 years), the AD of the sludge alone (scenario 1) permitted the production of 43.9 GWh of electricity, the reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions (more than 37,000 tonnes equivalent CO2 (TCO2)) and exhibited positive net present value (NPV: $393,483) and an internal return rate (IRR) of 19.4%. Co-digesting sludge with AFW significantly increased all of these key performance indicators. For instance, scenario 3 results in the recovery of electrical energy of 82.2 GWh and avoids the emission of 70,602 tCO2. Moreover, a higher NPV and IRR of $851,876 and 21.8%, respectively, and a payback period (PBP) of only seven years were calculated. The sensitivity analysis revealed that a decrease in total expenses by 15% results in a significant increase of the NPV and the IRR to $1,418,704 and 33.9%, respectively, for scenario 3. Considering a pessimistic assumption (an increase of the total expenses by 15%), all studied scenarios remain attractive. For instance, for scenario 3, the NPV, IRR, and PBP were evaluated to $285,047, 13.5%, and 9 years, respectively. Therefore, the co-digestion of sludge with agri-food wastes for energy recovery purposes could be considered a promising, eco-friendly, and economically viable approach in the Omani industrial estates.

scholarly journals Economic Analysis for Investment of Public Sector’s Automated Container Terminal: Korean Case Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 459
Author(s):  
Yohan An ◽  
Namkyu Park
Keyword(s):  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Container Terminal ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Timely Manner ◽  
The Public ◽  
Port Facilities ◽  
Automated Container Terminal ◽  
The Social

The purpose of this case study is to conduct an economic analysis to calculate the proper terminal capacity of automated container terminal (ACT) investment from the perspective of the public sector. As a key element of smart port, the ACT is an important terminal operating facility for import/export and transshipment cargo between countries and must have facilities with sufficient capacity to load/unload export/import cargo in a timely manner according to the user’s request. Recently, the method of calculating the capacity of seaport infrastructure is changing from the method of applying the maximum capacity to the method of applying the proper capacity. Therefore, it is desirable to expand port facilities by investigating proper capacity rather than expanding port facilities based on the maximum performance. This study is a case study focusing on the new port of Busan introducing the ACT. From the perspective of national fiscal income and national economy from the ACT investment, this study determines the proper terminal capacity for each berth. As a result of economic analysis, the break-even terminal capacity to secure economic feasibility is from 544,272TEU of the nine berths to 600,138TEU of two berths applying a 2.96% discount ratio. In a sensitivity analysis considering the social discount rate and the change in the size of berths, the net present value has a positive value from a minimum of 530,000 TEU (nine berths with 1.96% social discount ratio) to a maximum of 620,000 TEU (three berths with 3.46% social discount ratio).

scholarly journals ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY STUDY FOR THE INSTALLATION OF A COGENERATION SYSTEM IN A TIMBER INDUSTRY OF LAGES-SC

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 59-71
Author(s):  
Scharles Roberto Vargas ◽  
Graciela Alessandra Dela Rocca ◽  
Nathielle Waldrigues Branco ◽  
José Adelir Wolf ◽  
Fernanda Cristina Silva Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Net Present Value ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Economic Viability ◽  
Internal Rate Of Return ◽  
Present Value ◽  
Plateau Region ◽  
Viability Study ◽  
Cogeneration System ◽  
Descriptive Method

This research thematic is the Economic Viability Study, in order to implement a cogeneration system, in a logging company, located in the Santa Catarina highland plateau region. Thus, reducing its production cost, since much of it is due electricity purchase. Data collection of both production, consumption and expenses with electricity purchase and billing were carried out together with the company. Descriptive method was used, with case study. For the economic analysis, both net present value (NPV), internal rate of return (IRR) and payback period were used. With this information and crossing the data, the economic viability for this project became evident, as it can be visualized throughout of this article.

scholarly journals Feasibility Assessment of Two Biogas-Linked Rural Campus Systems: A Techno-Economic Case Study

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liqin Zhu ◽  
Congguang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Middle School ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Pollution Reduction ◽  
Feasibility Assessment ◽  
Biomass Resources

The principle of sustainable development is becoming more and more prominent in various schools, and the eco-campus in rural areas often has more room for display. The identification and assessment of cost-effective biomass resources appropriate for recycling represent an opportunity that may significantly improve the comprehensive efficiency of an eco-campus system, resulting in remarkable investment savings, pollution reduction, as well as reducing energy consumption and resources waste. The economic feasibility of two biogas-linked rural campus systems (Fanjiazhai Middle School, FJZ and Xidazhai Middle School, XDZ, Yangling, China), as well as their key technologies, is investigated, the two systems respectively represent two biobased agricultural production modes. It is found that the initial investment, operating investment, and total revenue of FJZ system is 1.37 times, 2.39 times, and 1.71 times of XDZ system respectively, thus indicating that FJZ campus is proved to be a “larger” system compared to the other one. The operating costs show that reasonable control of labor and transportation costs should be carried out to optimize the economic feasibility of the system. After considering the system’s economic credits obtained from using biogas slurry flushing system and avoiding waste management, the net present value of XDZ system had increased to its 1.5 times, while the FJZ system had increased to its 135%. From the perspective of revenue to investment ratio, XDZ system has a better profit earning efficiency compared to FJZ system. The sensitivity analysis indicates that biogas price, fruit yield, labor use are main factors that have the greatest impacts on the economic performance of these eco-campuses.

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