scholarly journals Islamism as Threat Factor to Construction and Operation Safety of Nuclear Power Facilities

2020 ◽  
Vol 208 ◽  
pp. 02004
Author(s):  
A.N. Nedorubov ◽  
N.I. Lobkovskaya ◽  
E.L. Lokonova ◽  
Yu.A. Lupinogina
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Nuclear Energy ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Nuclear Industry ◽  
Personal Opinion ◽  
Political Forces ◽  
The World ◽  
Traditional Societies ◽  
Stated Problem

The paper discusses the hazards of construction and operation of nuclear power facilities in Islamic countries or countries with a predominantly Muslim population that is ambiguous about the development of the nuclear industry in their countries. The analysis shows the issue from the point of view of traditional societies and from the position of the leading countries of the world atomic energy and allows us to highlight the most significant and specific features of the stated problem. The analysis shows the issue from the point of view of traditional societies and from the position of the leading countries of the world nuclear energy and allows us to highlight the most significant and specific features of the stated problem. The conclusion is made about the situational and personal nature of the Muslim community life organization and the dominant role of the authoritative religious and community leaders’ personal opinion in solving issues not related to spiritual life. Leaders in the field of nuclear energy have to discern into the essence of the signs, reasons and development directions of religious factors in these states, and as the Islamic world is a significant geopolitical factor in the entire system of international relations, its interests and Islamist position cannot but take into account the world political forces promoting nuclear power.

PREREQUISITES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF NUCLEAR ENERGY IN THE GLOBAL ECONOMY

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 153-158
Author(s):  
E. V. YANUSIK ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Nuclear Energy ◽  
World Market ◽  
Global Energy ◽  
The World ◽  
Global Energy Consumption

The article discusses the main prerequisites for the development of nuclear energy in the global econo-my, also defines nuclear energy and discusses the structure of global energy consumption. The article proves that the crucial prerequisite for the development of nuclear energy in the world market is the economic efficiency of nuclear power plants.

scholarly journals Dynamic statistical assessment of the competitiveness of an energy generating company (as exemplified by Rosenergoatom Concern JSC)

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 327-332
Author(s):  
Tatiana A. Burtseva ◽  
Sergey S. Khvorostyannikov ◽  
Anastasia A. Kuznetsova
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Nuclear Energy ◽  
Nuclear Industry ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
The World ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
The Government ◽  
High Level

The depletion of traditional organic energy sources and aggravated environmental problems are the reasons why the level of energy efficiency is an important factor in the competitiveness of the national economy. Russia ranks third in the world in terms of total energy consumption and its economy is distinguished by a high level of energy intensity (amount of energy per unit of GDP). In 2019, this figure was 9.62 tons of oil equivalent (toe) per 1 million rubles, which is 40% higher than the world average. The low energy efficiency of the Russian economy is a widely recognized problem. A special decree of the Government of Russia in 2018 sets the task of increasing the level of energy efficiency of the Russian economy by 23% by 2030. One of the ways to solve this problem is the development of nuclear energy, and increasing the competitiveness of nuclear energy is one of the key issues for the national economy. In this connection, solving the problem of assessing the competitiveness of the nuclear industry and its leading companies occupies a key place among the practical scientific problems, the solution of which is facilitated by the results presented by the authors in this article. Rosenergoatom Concern JSC is the leading energy generating company in the Russian nuclear industry. The results of the study of the competitiveness of Rosenergoatom Concern JSC were obtained on the basis of the authors’ methodology for assessing the competitiveness of an energy generating company. The novelty of the presented methodology lies in the developed normative and evaluative model and the coefficients of competitiveness of an energy generating company. The advantages of the authors’ model are that it allows (1) obtaining integral assessments of the competitiveness of a power generating company at short time intervals for a large number of indicators and (2) quantitatively measuring the effects of different factors on the competitiveness of a power generating company, provided that the grouping of indicators of competitiveness of a power generating company is justified by influencing factors. The two factors considered by the authors were: the general market factor and the industry factor. According to the results of the study, it was found that Rosenergoatom Concern JSC demonstrates positive increase of the competitiveness indicator mainly due to the industry factor. With this regard, it was concluded that, within the framework of state policy, it is advisable to strengthen support for the Russian nuclear industry by creating additional conditions and opportunities for its energy generating companies on the domestic energy market.

Scope

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
Wei Shen ◽  
Benjamin Rouben
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Nuclear Industry ◽  
Light Water Reactors ◽  
Reactor Physics ◽  
Light Water ◽  
Computational Schemes ◽  
The World ◽  
Water Reactors ◽  
And Mathematics

From the educational point of view, there are many textbooks on reactor physics used at various universities in the world. However, most of these textbooks focus either on application to Light Water Reactors (LWRs), or on the theory and mathematics, with a significant number of equations and computational schemes. Or else they were written more than 20, or even more than 60, years ago, and therefore they do not reflect the evolution of reactor concepts and engineering requirements since then. All those categories of books are either difficult to follow for non-physicists working in the nuclear industry, or else are of little value for those who are interested in special features of CANDU reactor physics.

EDF Decommissioning Programme: A Global Commitment to a Sustainable Development

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Jacques Grenouillet
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Nuclear Energy ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Eu Enlargement ◽  
Nuclear Industry ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Early Closure

Nowadays, decommissioning of nuclear power plants has become a key issue for nuclear industry in Europe. The phasing out of nuclear energy in Germany, Belgium and Sweden, as well as the early closure of nuclear units in applicant countries in the frame of EU enlargement, has largely contributed to consider decommissioning as the next challenge to face. The situation is slightly different in France where nuclear energy is still considered as a safe, cost-effective and environment friendly energy source. Electricite´ de France (EDF) is working on the development of a new generation of reactor to replace the existing one and erection of a new nuclear power plant could start in the next few years. Nevertheless, to achieve this objective, it will be necessary to get the support of political decision-makers and the acceptance of public opinion. Due to the growing concern of these stakeholders for environmental issues, their support can only be obtained if it is possible to demonstrate that nuclear energy industry will not leave behind unsolved issues that will be a burden to the next generations. In this context decommissioning of the first generation of EDF NPPs constitutes a prerequisite for the erection of a new type of nuclear power plant. This paper will present the programme defined by EDF for the decommissioning of its nine already shutdown reactors (Fig. 1). The reasons of the recent evolution of EDF decommissioning strategy will be explained and the key issues that will contribute to the successful implementation of this programme will be addressed. Finally, what has been achieved on sites so far and major planned activities will be described.

Nuclear Energy for the Poor

Worldview ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 21 (12) ◽  
pp. 12-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iqbal Akhund
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Third World ◽  
Nuclear Energy ◽  
General Interest ◽  
Equal Degree ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The World ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Moral Doubt

The subject of nuclear energy, arousing hope and anxiety in almost equal degree, is of interest to all mankind. Of late, however, attention has focused on the implications of the spread of nuclear power and technology to Third World countries, and in that context the views of Pakistan—a developing country with similar economic compulsions—may be of some general interest.Thirty years after Hiroshima-Nagasaki one sees nuclear energy being used beneficently all over the world in research institutions and hospitals, in farms and factories. But a number of recent developments have reawakened the fear and moral doubt concerning man's capacity to make wise use of the terrible power his intelligence has unleashed: the explosion by India of a nuclear device in 1974; disclosures about the real risks of accidents in power reactors; and the fear that terrorists, political or’ criminal, may obtain recourse to nuclear bombs to further their ends.

scholarly journals 50 Years of Nuclear Power

2007 ◽  
Vol 129 (11) ◽  
pp. 36-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Wicks
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Power ◽  
New Technology ◽  
National Laboratory ◽  
Argonne National Laboratory ◽  
Nuclear Industry ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Water Reactor ◽  
The World ◽  
Nuclear Chain ◽  
Design And Manufacture

This article highlights the Atomic Age that announced itself to the world with the destruction of two Japanese cities in 1945. After the first bomb fell, on Hiroshima in August, mankind suddenly realized that it possessed a new technology of unprecedented destructive power. In 1948, Untermyer transferred to the Argonne National Laboratory near Chicago. The lab traced its origins to Enrico Fermi, who with Leo Szilard had been first to demonstrate a nuclear chain reaction only six years earlier. Argonne was the first national laboratory with the mission of developing nuclear power for peaceful purposes. Untermyer left General Electric (GE) in 1964 to find the National Nuclear Equipment Corp. to design and manufacture equipment for the nuclear industry. He was awarded several more patents. GE’s Economic Simplified Boiling Water Reactor also makes use of passive systems. According to GE, the reactor has more than 72 hours of passive running capability, and its simplified systems make it cheaper to build and run.

scholarly journals The current state and prospects of the nuclear power industry of China

2021 ◽  
pp. 104-108
Author(s):  
F. F. Sharipov
Keyword(s):  
International Economic ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Nuclear Energy ◽  
Power Industry ◽  
Nuclear Industry ◽  
Nuclear Power Industry ◽  
Current State ◽  
International Economic Cooperation ◽  
Technical Solutions

China’s nuclear energy ambitions, backed by the strong financial potential of the national economy, and the consequent desire to extend its successes in international economic cooperation to the nuclear industry have attracted the researchers’ attention to a closer examination of the current state and nuclear industry prospects of China, taking into account its technological component. The unfulfilled development plan for nuclear power in the 13th Five-Year Plan, as a result of systemic mistakes and failures in the projects selected for implementation, leads to the conclusion that it is necessary to involve foreign leaders in this field, including “Rosatom” corporation, which has in its portfolio virtually verified modern technical solutions. 

Post-Fukushima discourse in the US press: Quantified knowledge, the technical object, and a panicked public

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (7) ◽  
pp. 670-687
Author(s):  
Jonathan Tollefson
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Nuclear Energy ◽  
Public Discourse ◽  
Expert Knowledge ◽  
Public Support ◽  
The United States ◽  
Nuclear Industry ◽  
Technical Object ◽  
Nuclear Disaster ◽  
Fukushima Nuclear Disaster

Many thought that the 11 March 2011 Fukushima nuclear disaster in Japan might be the end of the “global nuclear renaissance.” In Europe, mass media after Fukushima increasingly presented negative framing of nuclear energy and highlighted declining support for the nuclear industry. In the United States, however, nuclear production and public support for the industry remained steady. This article analyzes US media documents to understand the construction of public discourse on nuclear power in the wake of the Fukushima disaster. Through a content analysis of US newspapers, it demonstrates that post-Fukushima media framed the crisis in a way that privileged expert knowledge and opinion, while delegitimizing non-expert engagement with nuclear energy issues. A comparison between national newspapers and newspapers located in two regions with controversial nuclear plants and active anti-nuclear citizens’ movements additionally demonstrates the power and reach of the identified framework across the spectrum of views on nuclear power.

PR as a tool for the development of nuclear energy in Russia and abroad

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-135
Author(s):  
X. V. Mishchenko ◽  
A. E. Uzhanov
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Public Opinion ◽  
Public Relations ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Nuclear Energy ◽  
Nuclear Power Plants ◽  
Nuclear Industry ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
The Impact

The author estimates the impact of PR technologies on the development of nuclear power in Russia and in a number of foreign countries (USA, China, Japan, France). It is determined that as soon as at the stage of development of nuclear generation projects and other nuclear industry facilities, the use of public relations (PR), with a targeted impact on public opinion and interaction with target audiences (TA) at its core, has a significant impact on decision-making in favor of the construction of nuclear power plants, minimizes the protest behavior of the population. It is shown that the advantages of nuclear power among alternative energy sources for strengthening the socio-economic potential of states and increasing their environmental well-being are most clearly, quickly and effectively disclosed through using public relations tools. PR enables to form an adequate and correct understanding of the physical and chemical foundations of nuclear power engineering, the main threats and systems for their minimization or complete elimination at the conceptual, socio-psychological and socio-logical levels, as well as to form, in terms of specific objects and tools, the technological and organizational facilities for the development of nuclear energy projects both in Russia and in foreign countries. The activities of foreign and Russian companies aimed at ensuring loyal public opinion in relation to nuclear projects are critically described and analytically compared. The chronological framework covers the recent period: from the beginning of the 2000s to 2020. This period is noted as the most significant for the development of nuclear power in the world. Statistical data on changes in the attitude of the public in different countries to the prospects for the development of nuclear energy after the Chernobyl and Fukushima-1 disasters are presented. It is concluded that it is PR in its integrated application that contributes to government decision-making and public support in the construction of nuclear power plants in Russia and abroad.

La situazione dell'energia nucleare nel mondo: un quadro di sintesi

2009 ◽  
pp. 19-36
Author(s):  
Maurizio Cumo
Keyword(s):  
Radioactive Waste ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Nuclear Energy ◽  
Fuel Cycle ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Reactor Technology ◽  
The World ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Generation Costs ◽  
Jel Classifications

- This article gives an overview of the situation of nuclear power in the world and analyzes the problems of this source of energy from different points of view: the generation costs, fuel cycle, particularly with regard to the resources of uranium and radioactive waste, and the programs of technological development of new reactors.Key words: Nuclear energy, generation costs, uranium resources, radioactive waste, new reactor technology.JEL classifications: L94 Q40 Q31

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