scholarly journals Relationship Between Water Birds’ Number and the Temperature in Beijing Wetland: A Case Study on Cuihu Wetland

2021 ◽  
Vol 245 ◽  
pp. 02032
Author(s):  
Rujin Yu

Beijing is an important transfer station of bird migration, and its function as a bird habitat is very significant. Wetland birds have an extremely high reference value as ecological indicators and are greatly affected by climate change. This study takes waterbirds in Beijing Cuihu Wetland Park as the research object, carries out a statistical analysis of the number of birds in each year, and summarizes the relationship between them and Beijing's climate change. The results showed that Anatidae and Ardeidae accounted for a substantial part of wetland waterfowl, and their number was increasing year by year. There was a significant correlation between the monthly average number of two kinds of waterfowls and the average monthly temperature, and the negative correlation was found between the number of Anatidae and the average monthly temperature. The number of Anatidae and Ardeidae in spring and autumn are related to the monthly average temperature, seasonal average temperature and annual average temperature of the previous year.

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 2261-2282
Author(s):  
Bernardo Esteves Gonçalves da Costa ◽  
Henrique Luiz Cukierman

Although the Earth’s surface average temperature is rising since 1850 due mostly to anthropogenic greenhouse gases emissions, the existence and the attribution of global warming are sometimes disputed outside the peer-reviewed literature. This article investigates whether climate skeptics’ claims are admitted in Wikipedia, the encyclopedia that anyone can edit. We carried a case study involving 93 global warming–related articles in Portuguese Wikipedia, analyzing their revision history from the perspective of Actor–Network Theory in two moments (2014 and 2017). We found that while “Aquecimento global” and other highly accessed articles support thoroughly anthropogenic climate change, it was not the case until 2012, long after the question had been settled by scientists; claims disputing the human influence on the climate remain in some articles. The enforcement of Wikipedia policies was crucial to ensure that anthropogenic climate change would prevail and that the collaborative encyclopedia would become a spokesperson for climate science.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adly Anis

Abstract Background: Several previous studies have recognized the effect of air temperature on the survival and transmission of viruses and germs. The current study investigated the effect of air temperature on the transmission of coronavirus covid-19 by monthly temperature averages maps analyzing.Methods: The study demonstrated the relationship between temperature and transmission speed of Covid-19 virus, It confirmed that the most appropriate average temperature for virus activity and transmission ranges between 13-24 ° C, by analyzing the maps of monthly temperature averages in Egypt and Australia.Results: The study reached, through cartographic analysis, to confirm the relationship between temperature and increase in the number of confirmed cases of covid-19, This study confirmed that the most appropriate average temperature for virus activity and transmission ranges between 13-24 ° C, by analyzing the maps of monthly temperature averages in Egypt and Australia.Conclusions: Results support that the most appropriate average temperature for the survival transmission of COVID-19 ranges between 13-24 ° C. Australia and Egypt are models to confirm the relationship between temperature and COVID-19 activity and spread.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adly Anis

Abstract BackgroundSeveral previous studies have recognized the effect of air temperature on the survival and transmission of viruses and germs. The current study investigated the effect of air temperature on the transmission of coronavirus covid-19 by monthly temperature averages maps analyzing.MethodsThe study demonstrated the relationship between temperature and transmission speed of Covid-19 virus, It confirmed that the most appropriate average temperature for virus activity and transmission ranges between 13-24 ° C, by analyzing the maps of monthly temperature averages in Egypt and Australia.ResultsThe study reached, through cartographic analysis, to confirm the relationship between temperature and increase in the number of confirmed cases of covid-19, This study confirmed that the most appropriate average temperature for virus activity and transmission ranges between 13-24 ° C, by analyzing the maps of monthly temperature averages in Egypt and Australia. But the effect of the climate does not prevent the virus from being transmitted from one person to another through close contact or use of personal tools infected with the Corona virus, or crowding in air-conditioned places.Therefore, failure of individuals to follow the instructions for social distance and wearing a mask will lead to the transmission of the virus, even in hot climates.ConclusionsResults support that the most appropriate average temperature for the survival transmission of COVID-19 ranges between 13-24 ° C. Australia and Egypt are models to confirm the relationship between temperature and COVID-19 activity and spread.


2011 ◽  
Vol 121-126 ◽  
pp. 3335-3339 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Jiang ◽  
Ya Xi Liao ◽  
Chen Lei Fei

This paper deal with an analysis of impact of climate conditions on field reliability of vehicles. Two case studies are presented. One case study deals with four heavy vehicles used in a steel mill in Guangzhou, China; and the other deals with 22 buses operated in Changsha, China. The field reliability is measured by monthly average MTBF; the climate conditions are described by monthly average temperature, monthly average relative humidity, and monthly average rainfall. The influence of these variables on the reliability of the vehicles is quantitatively analyzed. It is concluded that the climate conditions have a significant influence on the reliability of the vehicles and the influence can be different in different sites. The analysis is useful for the operational and maintenance management of the vehicles.


2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 535-542
Author(s):  
Daniel Armando Robledo-Buitrago ◽  
Manuel Francisco Polanco-Puerta ◽  
Miguel De Luque-Villa ◽  
Mauricio Mesa-Caro ◽  
Carlos Alberto Calderón-Ricardo

Climate change modifies the average climate behavior over a long period, generated by natural phenomena or anthropogenic causes. This change has an important impact on climate variables, such as temperature and precipitation, worldwide but also has various effects on the local scale. The purpose of this research was to determine climate behavior and the magnitude of climate change in the last 30 years in the municipality of Facatativá, Cundinamarca. Precipitation and temperature were analyzed using data from climatological stations around Facatativá, which belong to the Instituto de Hidrología, Meteorología y Estudios Ambientales (IDEAM) and the Corporación Autónoma Regional de Cundinamarca. These data provided the average temperature in this municipality, between 9.2℃ and 14.0℃, with an increasing trend between 0.00℃/yr to the west and 0.03℃/yr to the east of the municipality. The Precipitation ranged between 781 mm/yr and 1200 mm/yr, with an increasing trend of between 3.0 mm/yr in the west and 12.0 mm/yr in the northwest.


2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erkan Yılmaz

According to the global trend analysis the temperatures all over the world are increasing. The spatial distribution of this increase, however, becomes feasible at high resolution with the regional climate models. It is foreseen that the average temperatures will increase by about 3-4 °C in minimum at the end of the 21st century in the Mediterranean Basin in which Turkey is also situated. The temperature trend studies also show that the annual and seasonal minimum, average and maximum temperatures are increasing in Turkey. In this study, the trends of monthly average temperature and monthly average temperature differences between the years of 1971-2010 were examined and trends in the series was analyzed by using the regression analysis. Accordingly, the temperature increases occur throughout the country in all months and it is understood that these increases are statistically significant in certain months. Depending on the periodicity in the temperature increases, 4 different temperature trend groups were determined in Turkey. These groups are classified as (1) high temperature increase in the hot period, (2) high temperature increase in the cold period, (3) high temperature increase in the summer and winter period and (4) regular temperature increase throughout the year. Monthly temperature increase rates do not go in parallel with the monthly global carbon dioxide rates, these trend groups are controlled by regional characteristics. In the regional characteristics, the main controller is letent heat. As different spatiotemporal latent heat use varies according to regions, different temperature trends groups occour. Not only the monthly average temperatures change, but also there occur changes in the temperature differences between the consecutive months. As a result, the temperature increases in both August and September were determined, but it was seen that the temperature differences between two months are also increasing. It was understood that the temperatures of august have increased excessively and the temperatures of september, however, are less than the expected due to the begining of the precipitations in this period, the increase in the water amount and the conversion of the incoming energy into latent heat.Extended English summary is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file. ÖzetYapılan eğilim çalışmalarına göre tüm dünyada hava sıcaklıkları yükselmektedir. Bu artışın gelecekteki alansal dağılışının yüksek çözünürlükte ortaya koyulması bölgesel iklim modelleri ile olanaklı hale gelmektedir. Türkiye’nin de içinde yer aldığı Akdeniz Havzası’nda ortalama sıcaklıkların 21. yy. sonlarında en az 3-4 °C civarında yükseleceği öngörülmektedir. Sıcaklık eğilimi çalışmaları da Türkiye’deki yıllık ve mevsimlik minimum, ortalama ve maksimum sıcaklıkların artmakta olduğunu göstermektedir. Bu çalışmada, 1971-2010 yılları arasındaki aylık ortalama sıcaklık ve aylık ortalama sıcaklık farklarındaki eğilimler incelenmiş, regresyon analizi kullanılarak serilerdeki eğilim durumu araştırılmıştır. Buna göre tüm aylarda Türkiye’nin tamamında sıcaklık artışları gerçekleşmekte, bu artışların bazı aylarda istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olduğu anlaşılmaktadır. Sıcaklık artışlarındaki dönemselliğe bağlı olarak Türkiye’de 4 farklı sıcaklık eğilim grubu belirlenmiştir. Bu gruplar, sıcak dönemde yüksek sıcaklık artışı (1), soğuk dönemde yüksek sıcaklık artışı (2), yaz ve kış döneminde yüksek sıcaklık artışı (3) ve yılın tamamında düzenli sıcaklık artışı (4) olarak sınıflandırılmıştır. Aylık sıcaklık artış oranları, aylık küresel karbondioksit oranları ile paralel hareket etmemekte, bu gruplar bölgesel özellikler tarafından denetlenmektedir. Bölgesel özelliklerde ise ana denetleyici etmen gizli ısıdır. Bölgelere göre gizli ısı etkisinin zamanı ve miktarı değiştiğinden, farklı sıcaklık eğilim grupları ortaya çıkmaktadır. Sadece aylık ortalama sıcaklıklar değişmemekte, ardışık aylar arasındaki sıcaklık farklarında da değişimler yaşanmaktadır. Yapılan analizler sonucunda, tüm Türkiye’de ağustos ve eylül aylarında sıcaklık artışları belirlenmiş, fakat iki ay arasındaki sıcaklık farklarının da büyümekte olduğu görülmüştür. Bu durum, ağustos ayı sıcaklıklarının çok fazla arttığını, eylül ayı sıcaklıklarının ise bu dönemde yağışların başlaması, su miktarındaki artış ve gelen enerjinin gizili ısıya dönüşümü nedeniyle beklenilenden az olduğunu göstermektedir.ÖzetYapılan eğilim çalışmalarına göre tüm dünyada hava sıcaklıkları yükselmektedir. Bu artışın gelecekteki alansal dağılışının yüksek çözünürlükte ortaya koyulması bölgesel iklim modelleri ile olanaklı hale gelmektedir. Türkiye’nin de içinde yer aldığı Akdeniz Havzası’nda ortalama sıcaklıkların 21. yy. sonlarında en az 3-4 °C civarında yükseleceği öngörülmektedir. Sıcaklık eğilimi çalışmaları da Türkiye’deki yıllık ve mevsimlik minimum, ortalama ve maksimum sıcaklıkların artmakta olduğunu göstermektedir. Bu çalışmada, 1971-2010 yılları arasındaki aylık ortalama sıcaklık ve aylık ortalama sıcaklık farklarındaki eğilimler incelenmiş, regresyon analizi kullanılarak serilerdeki eğilim durumu araştırılmıştır. Buna göre tüm aylarda Türkiye’nin tamamında sıcaklık artışları gerçekleşmekte, bu artışların bazı aylarda istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olduğu anlaşılmaktadır. Sıcaklık artışlarındaki dönemselliğe bağlı olarak Türkiye’de 4 farklı sıcaklık eğilim grubu belirlenmiştir. Bu gruplar, sıcak dönemde yüksek sıcaklık artışı (1), soğuk dönemde yüksek sıcaklık artışı (2), yaz ve kış döneminde yüksek sıcaklık artışı (3) ve yılın tamamında düzenli sıcaklık artışı (4) olarak sınıflandırılmıştır. Aylık sıcaklık artış oranları, aylık küresel karbondioksit oranları ile paralel hareket etmemekte, bu gruplar bölgesel özellikler tarafından denetlenmektedir. Bölgesel özelliklerde ise ana denetleyici etmen gizli ısıdır. Bölgelere göre gizli ısı etkisinin zamanı ve miktarı değiştiğinden, farklı sıcaklık eğilim grupları ortaya çıkmaktadır. Sadece aylık ortalama sıcaklıklar değişmemekte, ardışık aylar arasındaki sıcaklık farklarında da değişimler yaşanmaktadır. Yapılan analizler sonucunda, tüm Türkiye’de ağustos ve eylül aylarında sıcaklık artışları belirlenmiş, fakat iki ay arasındaki sıcaklık farklarının da büyümekte olduğu görülmüştür. Bu durum, ağustos ayı sıcaklıklarının çok fazla arttığını, eylül ayı sıcaklıklarının ise bu dönemde yağışların başlaması, su miktarındaki artış ve gelen enerjinin gizili ısıya dönüşümü nedeniyle beklenilenden az olduğunu göstermektedir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Aylık Sıcaklık Eğilimleri; Aylık Ortalama Sıcaklık Fark Eğilimleri; Sıcaklık Eğilimlerinde Gizli Isı Etkisi; Türkiye.


2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Robyn Gulliver ◽  
Kelly S. Fielding ◽  
Winnifred Louis

Climate change is a global problem requiring a collective response. Grassroots advocacy has been an important element in propelling this collective response, often through the mechanism of campaigns. However, it is not clear whether the climate change campaigns organized by the environmental advocacy groups are successful in achieving their goals, nor the degree to which other benefits may accrue to groups who run them. To investigate this further, we report a case study of the Australian climate change advocacy sector. Three methods were used to gather data to inform this case study: content analysis of climate change organizations’ websites, analysis of website text relating to campaign outcomes, and interviews with climate change campaigners. Findings demonstrate that climate change advocacy is diverse and achieving substantial successes such as the development of climate change-related legislation and divestment commitments from a range of organizations. The data also highlights additional benefits of campaigning such as gaining access to political power and increasing groups’ financial and volunteer resources. The successful outcomes of campaigns were influenced by the ability of groups to sustain strong personal support networks, use skills and resources available across the wider environmental advocacy network, and form consensus around shared strategic values. Communicating the successes of climate change advocacy could help mobilize collective action to address climate change. As such, this case study of the Australian climate change movement is relevant for both academics focusing on social movements and collective action and advocacy-focused practitioners, philanthropists, and non-governmental organizations.


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