scholarly journals Ecological state of water bodies and their water protection zones within the boundaries of settlements of the Yamal Peninsula

2021 ◽  
Vol 265 ◽  
pp. 02009
Author(s):  
Roman Kolesnikov
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Development ◽  
Anthropogenic Pollution ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Yamal Peninsula ◽  
Household Waste ◽  
Water Protection ◽  
Channel Processes ◽  
Protection Zones ◽  
State Of Water ◽  
The Yamal Peninsula

Most of the population of the Yamal Peninsula lives in settlements located on the banks of rivers. The increasing industrial development of the Yamal Peninsula leads to the fact that in these settlements in the water area and on the shores, objects of the fuel and energy complex are being built and functioning. At the same time, the contribution to water pollution of settlements located here, as well as objects of transport and fuel and energy infrastructure, is still unclear. On the other hand, the issues of intensifying the processes of coastal destruction and the related danger to residential and economic infrastructure are increasingly being discussed. However, the degree of activation of these processes on the Yamal Peninsula is also poorly understood. During the study, the state of water bodies and water protection zones was monitored for the period from 2016 to 2020. It was found that at present no significant anthropogenic pollution of water and bottom sediments is recorded. The content of pollutants and heavy metals is mainly determined by natural conditions. At the same time, the water protection zones are littered with scrap metal and household waste. Activation of channel processes and processes of abrasion and thermal abrasion of the banks is observed. The intensity of coastal destruction processes in the erosion zone varies from 0.25 to 0.85 m/year.

scholarly journals Assessing state of water protection zones of Volga River within Ilyinka village area (Astrakhan region)

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (4) ◽  
pp. 91-97
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Vasil'eva ◽  
Irina Melnik
Keyword(s):  
Anthropogenic Pollution ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Water Protection ◽  
Volga River ◽  
Protection Zones ◽  
Molybdenum Sulfides ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Maximum Permissible Concentrations ◽  
State Of Water ◽  
The Impact

Anthropogenic pollution of water basins may become a serious threat for ecosystems and human health. Pollutants are transferred through food chains or directly when untreated water is used, released to soil through subsoil waters or during floods. The increased anthropogenic load on rivers’ hydrosystems, especially in their del-tas, is becoming rampant these days. The goal of the research is to study the coastal areas and to assess the state of vegetation. To achieve this goal, standard methods of biotesting and bioindication were applied in the territories of two water-protection zones – those of the Volga River and the Nozhovskiy erik (shallow channel in the Volga delta – translator’s note) near the Ilyinka village. The water quality in the Volga River, within the examined range, is stably characterized as “dirty” (4th class). The exceeded level of maximum permissible concentrations for petroleum products, heavy metals (mercury, zinc, molybdenum), sulfides and phenols is observed. The research has not revealed the impact of the quality of water on phytotoxicity of the soil and indices of abundance of the vegetation that grows in this territory. Toxicity of soils is weak in the area of the Nozhovskiy erik, it is very weak in the area of the Volga River: the germination capacity of the test object (watercress) ranges between 67 and 88%, morpho-metric indices of plants do not differ much from those in control groups. Within the summer period the monitoring sites were characterized by the maximum frequency-abundance indices of typical representatives of the local flora, which are camel thorn (Alhagi pseudalhagi) and greater burdock (Arctium lappa). Vegetation in these areas is abundant, its state is assessed as satisfactory.

Methods and means of forming water protection zones of water bodies in the present conditions

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 84-95
Author(s):  
V.V. Polyakov ◽  
◽  
P.V. Polyakov ◽  
T.E. Aleksandrova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Bodies ◽  
Water Protection ◽  
Protection Zones

scholarly journals Modelling of Surface Runoff on the Yamal Peninsula, Russia, Using ERA5 Reanalysis

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 2099
Author(s):  
Tatiana Matveeva ◽  
Aleksey Sidorchuk
Keyword(s):  
Surface Runoff ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Reanalysis Data ◽  
Gully Erosion ◽  
Yamal Peninsula ◽  
Weather Forecasts ◽  
Main Input ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Yamal Peninsula

The Yamal peninsula is a territory of active industrial development as it contains several rich fields of natural condensed gas and oil. The density of the gullies net on the Yamal peninsula is one of the highest in the Russian Arctic. The natural environment or constructions can be potentially damaged by gully erosion and the cost of such damage is high. The models of gully erosion require surface runoff estimates. The hydrological model was developed for surface runoff estimation during the spring snow thaw and summer rains. In the conditions of Arctic climate with deep permafrost, the losses in runoff are limited to evaporation, as soil permeability is negligible. The model was calibrated on the available measurements. The meteorological base for hydrological calculations was ERA5 reanalysis, the fifth generation of European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) atmospheric reanalyses, validated on the meteorological data. The deviations of reanalysis data from the measurements cause the errors in the results of surface runoff calculation. The daily surface runoff can vary in the range of 18–30% due to ERA5 errors in air temperature and snow cover depth. As the daily surface runoff is the main input to the models of gully erosion, these errors must be taken into account in the modelling of gully erosion on the Yamal peninsula.

scholarly journals Assessment of Spatio-Temporal Landscape Changes from VHR Images in Three Different Permafrost Areas in the Western Russian Arctic

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (23) ◽  
pp. 3999
Author(s):  
Florina Ardelean ◽  
Alexandru Onaca ◽  
Marinela-Adriana Chețan ◽  
Andrei Dornik ◽  
Goran Georgievski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Snow Water Equivalent ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Yamal Peninsula ◽  
River Channels ◽  
Pronounced Increase ◽  
Discontinuous Permafrost ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Very High ◽  
The Yamal Peninsula

Our study highlights the usefulness of very high resolution (VHR) images to detect various types of disturbances over permafrost areas using three example regions in different permafrost zones. The study focuses on detecting subtle changes in land cover classes, thermokarst water bodies, river dynamics, retrogressive thaw slumps (RTS) and infrastructure in the Yamal Peninsula, Urengoy and Pechora regions. Very high-resolution optical imagery (sub-meter) derived from WorldView, QuickBird and GeoEye in conjunction with declassified Corona images were involved in the analyses. The comparison of very high-resolution images acquired in 2003/2004 and 2016/2017 indicates a pronounced increase in the extent of tundra and a slight increase of land covered by water. The number of water bodies increased in all three regions, especially in discontinuous permafrost, where 14.86% of new lakes and ponds were initiated between 2003 and 2017. The analysis of the evolution of two river channels in Yamal and Urengoy indicates the dominance of erosion during the last two decades. An increase of both rivers’ lengths and a significant widening of the river channels were also observed. The number and total surface of RTS in the Yamal Peninsula strongly increased between 2004 and 2016. A mean annual headwall retreat rate of 1.86 m/year was calculated. Extensive networks of infrastructure occurred in the Yamal Peninsula in the last two decades, stimulating the initiation of new thermokarst features. The significant warming and seasonal variations of the hydrologic cycle, in particular, increased snow water equivalent acted in favor of deepening of the active layer; thus, an increasing number of thermokarst lake formations.

scholarly journals Water protection zones and coastal protective strips of water bodies

2020 ◽  
pp. 684-685
Author(s):  
E. Potapova ◽  
◽  
S. Vologzhina ◽  
O. Barkhatova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Bodies ◽  
Water Protection ◽  
Protection Zones

Planning and monitoring the condition and use regime of the water-protected zone of the Belgorod reservoir using unmanned aerial vehicles

2020 ◽  
pp. 71-75
Author(s):  
A. E. Savelieva
Keyword(s):  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Water Protection ◽  
Protection Zone ◽  
Protection Zones ◽  
Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Morphometric Features ◽  
The Status ◽  
Protected Zone

The author pays a particular attention to solving the problems of monitoring the water protection zone of the Belgorod reservoir, especially the status and regime of use of water protection zones and changes in the morphometric features of water bodies or their parts and their water protection zones using UAVs. UAVs are considered depending on the design. The author made a conclusion about the necessary type of UAV for monitoring the condition of the coast and water protection zones of the Belgorod reservoir. The main technical characteristics of the recommended aircraft UAVs are presented in this paper as well.

Impacts of infrastructure and climate changes on reindeer herding in the Yamal, west Siberia.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timo Kumpula ◽  
Roza Laptander ◽  
Bruce C. Forbes
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
West Siberia ◽  
Yamal Peninsula ◽  
Reindeer Herding ◽  
Migration Routes ◽  
Gas Field ◽  
Field Development ◽  
The Yamal Peninsula

<p>The traditional landuse in the Yamal is reindeer herding practiced by nomadic Nenets herders. The hydrocarbon industry is presently the source of most ecological changes in the Yamal peninsula and socio-economic impacts experienced by migratory Nenets herders who move annually between winter pastures at treeline and the coastal summer pastures by the Kara Sea.</p><p>In central Yamal peninsula which is permafrost area both natural and anthropogenic changes have occurred during the past 40 years. Mega size Bovanenkovo Gas Field was discovered in 1972 and it was opened in production and in 2012. We have studied gas field development and natural changes like increases in shrub growth, cryogenic landslides, drying lakes in the region and these impacts to Nenets reindeer herding.</p><p>Nenets managing collective and privately owned herds of reindeer have proven adapt in responding to a broad range of intensifying industrial impacts at the same time as they have been dealing with symptoms of a warming climate and thawing permafrost phenomena.</p><p>The results of climate change together with the industrial development of the Yamal Peninsula have a serious impact to the Nenets nomadic reindeer husbandry. Their consequences make Nenets reindeer herders to change their migration routes and the way of working with reindeer. During several years, we were making interviews with Nenets reindeer herders about the influence of climate change and industrialization of the tundra on the quality of Nenets nomads’ life and their work with reindeer. Reindeer herders said that impacts of industrial development have reduced their migration opportunities, as well as the quality of pastures for grazing, which has fatal the effects during icing on the tundra in the winter. At the same time, in the summer reindeer have more food because increasing of the green vegetation. </p><p>Here we detail both the climate change impacts and spatial extent of gas field growth, landslides drying lakes, shrub increase and the dynamic relationship between Nenets nomads and their rapidly evolving social-ecological system.</p>

scholarly journals PROBLEMS OF LAND USE IN WATER PROTECTION ZONES OF SMALL RIVERS

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (31(58)) ◽  
pp. 22-24
Author(s):  
Mr F. Tsgoev ◽  
Big Boys Valery Borisovich Big Boys
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Small Rivers ◽  
Water Protection ◽  
Environmental Compliance ◽  
Environmental Legislation ◽  
Protection Zones ◽  
Flat Part ◽  
State Of Water ◽  
The Republic

The article deals with problems related to non-compliance with environmental legislation in water protection zones of small rivers. The state of water protection zones of small rivers in the territory of RSO-Alania, both in the mountainous part of the Republic and in the flat part, is mainly assessed. Recommendations are given for improving activities in the field of environmental compliance in the protected areas of small rivers.

Establishing the boundaries of water protection zones

2021 ◽  
pp. 362-366
Author(s):  
A.E. Savelyeva ◽  
O.S. Zelman
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Water Protection ◽  
Protection Zones ◽  
Biological Resources

The article proposes the measures to prevent pollution, clogging, siltation of water bodies and depletion of their waters, as well as to preserve the habitat of aquatic biological resources and other objects of the animal and plant world. The impacts on water resources, both technogenic and anthropogenic, is increasing, leading to ecological deterioration. As a rule, the main reason for that is pollution. It should be noted that the negative impact on the ecosystem of water bodies is expressed in the pollution not only the water bodies, but also water protection zones and coastal strips.

scholarly journals Monitoring of dangerous shore processes of Tsimlyansk Reservoir using GIS-technologies

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-263
Author(s):  
Grigory Skripka ◽  
Olga Ivlieva ◽  
Lyudmila Bespalova ◽  
Anton Filatov ◽  
Vladislav Saprygin
Keyword(s):  
Water Bodies ◽  
Network Density ◽  
Anthropogenic Activity ◽  
Water Protection ◽  
Protection Zone ◽  
Tsimlyansk Reservoir ◽  
Protection Zones ◽  
Gis Technologies ◽  
Erosion Processes ◽  
Geological Processes

In the article, the degree of displaying dangerous exogenetic geological processes (abrasion, landslide, erosion) of the Tsimlyansk Reservoir at the present stage of reforming its shores is assessed. A new original methodology for monitoring morphological and morphometrical characteristics of different shore types of the reservoir, using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) and Agisoft Photoscan tooling is proposed. For a number of shore sections of the Tsimlyansk reservoir, assessment of consequence for stirring up abrasion activity being expressed in stepping back the edge of shore steeps and reducing land fund is carried out. In the automated information system of water bodies state monitoring, a compulsory index is monitoring of erosion dismemberment. Methods to carry out erosion processes monitoring in water protection zones (WPZ) of water bodies using software and apparatus complex, created on the base of UAVs and GIS-technologies are developed and tested, an optimal type of digital elevation models (DEM) for assessing erosion network density is determined. Based on series of photographs carried out by UAVs by the DEMs and orthophotomaps, created using Agisoft Photoscan software, the relief erosion forms are determined. Morphometrical characteristics of the relief erosion forms are also measured, the erosion network density (K) for a number of plots in the water protection zones of the Tsimlyansk Reservoir coast is determined. In the protection zone of the Tsimlyansk Reservoir, comprehensive analysis is carried out, assessment of demographic load on the coastal area of the reservoir is conducted. Territorial zoning according to the degree of demographic load is carried out and it will allow in the future to organize planning timely measures for protecting coastal zones. The results obtained in the course of work allowed to make conclusions for the sections of the reservoir water protection zone most subject to anthropogenic activity and to propose a package of measures for its reducing.

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