scholarly journals Does river restoration result in improved environmental heterogeneity?

2021 ◽  
Vol 284 ◽  
pp. 01002
Author(s):  
Junshuang Yu
Keyword(s):  
River Restoration ◽  
Flood Control ◽  
Environmental Heterogeneity ◽  
Outcome Evaluation ◽  
River Ecology ◽  
Biological Communities ◽  
Evaluation Systems ◽  
River Geomorphology ◽  
Terrestrial Life ◽  
The Relationship

Rivers can shape diverse landscapes, determine the spatial connectivity of river and terrestrial life, and provide a variety of resources and services. Rivers are often over-bound due to the need for flood control and irrigation. Rivers affected by human disturbance often require restoration to improve the ecosystem services they provide. Environmental heterogeneity is generally considered to be the non-uniform variation of environmental elements in space and/or time. The relationship between variability in physical characteristics of restored rivers and biological communities in the river environment is a highly complex feedback, and studying and summarising changes in environmental heterogeneity following river restoration can help refine methodologies for monitoring river restoration outcomes. This study highlights the variability in river geomorphology and river ecology, and demonstrates the feasibility and necessity of incorporating environmental heterogeneity indicators into river restoration outcome evaluation systems at three levels: hydrological, geomorphological and ecological.

scholarly journals The influence of environmental variables on spatial and temporal phytoplankton dissimilarity in a large shallow subtropical lake (Lake Mangueira, southern Brazil)

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciane Oliveira Crossetti ◽  
Fabiana Schneck ◽  
Lacina Maria Freitas-Teixeira ◽  
David da Motta-Marques
Keyword(s):  
Aquatic Ecosystems ◽  
Environmental Variables ◽  
Environmental Heterogeneity ◽  
Phytoplankton Community ◽  
Environmental Data ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Biological Communities ◽  
Subtropical Lake ◽  
Space And Time ◽  
The Relationship

AIM: The uneven distribution of organisms in aquatic ecosystems is generally attributed to environmental heterogeneity in both space and time, reflecting the occurrence of appropriate environmental conditions and the availability of resources to biological communities. The aim of this study was to understand how the dissimilarity of the phytoplankton community in a large subtropical shallow lake is related to environmental dissimilarities. METHODS: Biotic and environmental data were gathered at 19 sites along the 90-km length of Lake Mangueira. Sampling was carried out quarterly during 2010 and 2011, totaling 152 sampling units. The relationship between phytoplankton dissimilarity and the dissimilarity of environmental variables was assessed by the BioEnv analysis. MAJOR RESULTS: There is a significant relationship between phytoplankton dissimilarity and environmental dissimilarity. The model that best explained the dissimilarity of phytoplankton among the sampling units included pH, turbidity and nitrate. CONCLUSIONS: The dissimilarity of phytoplankton was related to the dissimilarity, which were directly associated to the variability of conditions and resources in space and time in Lake Mangueira.

scholarly journals The Urban River Syndrome: Achieving Sustainability Against a Backdrop of Accelerating Change

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 6406
Author(s):  
Martin Richardson ◽  
Mikhail Soloviev
Keyword(s):  
River Restoration ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Systems Approach ◽  
Similar Type ◽  
Urban River ◽  
Urban Rivers ◽  
River Ecology ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Scales ◽  
Natural Systems ◽  
Urban River Restoration

Human activities have been affecting rivers and other natural systems for millennia. Anthropogenic changes to rivers over the last few centuries led to the accelerating state of decline of coastal and estuarine regions globally. Urban rivers are parts of larger catchment ecosystems, which in turn form parts of wider nested, interconnected systems. Accurate modelling of urban rivers may not be possible because of the complex multisystem interactions operating concurrently and over different spatial and temporal scales. This paper overviews urban river syndrome, the accelerating deterioration of urban river ecology, and outlines growing conservation challenges of river restoration projects. This paper also reviews the river Thames, which is a typical urban river that suffers from growing anthropogenic effects and thus represents all urban rivers of similar type. A particular emphasis is made on ecosystem adaptation, widespread extinctions and the proliferation of non-native species in the urban Thames. This research emphasizes the need for a holistic systems approach to urban river restoration.

scholarly journals The Research-Teaching Nexus and Its Influence on Student Learning

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 109
Author(s):  
Begoña Gros ◽  
Manel Viader ◽  
Albert Cornet ◽  
Miquel Martínez ◽  
Jordi Palés ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation Systems ◽  
Learning Capacity ◽  
Shared Spaces ◽  
Research And Teaching ◽  
New Knowledge ◽  
Teachers And Students ◽  
Research Competences ◽  
The University ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Academic Year

The relationship between teaching and research in universities has been widely studied in the higher education literature, but no clear relationship between the two has been identified. Nevertheless, in recent years, research has been linked to a form of teaching that is more focused on the development of competences and learning capacity through enquiry and the generation of new knowledge. In this context, it is important for teachers and students to work together on the design of shared spaces for research and learning. This work examines the case of the University of Barcelona to analyse whether there is enough connection between research and teaching to allow students to experience this link and to successfully develop research competences. Teaching plans of the academic year 2018-19 were screened to identify research-related competences, the modules they appear in, and the descriptions of the evaluation systems. This information was compared to the students’ perceptions of the actual training they had received on these research competences. Results showed that teaching plans establish numerous competences related to research and generating new knowledge. However, students consider that this knowledge is not developed until the final year project.

scholarly journals Inventory of the fish fauna from Ivaí River basin, Paraná State, Brazil

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Augusto Frota ◽  
Gabriel de Carvalho Deprá ◽  
Letícia Machado Petenucci ◽  
Weferson Júnio da Graça
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Flood Control ◽  
Environmental Heterogeneity ◽  
Hydroelectric Plant ◽  
Extinction Risk ◽  
Fish Fauna ◽  
Native Fish ◽  
Species Introduction ◽  
High Species Richness

Abstract We compiled data on fish fauna of the Ivaí River basin from recent specialised literature, standardised sampling and records of species deposited in fish collections. There were 118 fish species of eight orders and 29 families. Of these, 100 species are autochthonous (84.8%), 13, allochthonous (11.0%) and five, exotic (4.2%). The main causes for the occurrence of non-native species are escapes from aquaculture, introduction for fishing purposes and the construction of the Itaipu hydroelectric plant. The predominance of small and medium-sized Characiformes and Siluriformes, including 13 species new to science, accounts for approximately 11.0% of all species and 13.0% of all native species. About 10.2% of all species and 12.0% of all native species are endemic to the upper stretch of the Ivaí River, isolated by numerous waterfalls in tributary rivers and streams. The Ivaí River basin is subjected to various anthropogenic interferences such as pollution, eutrophication, siltation, construction of dams, flood control, fisheries, species introduction and release of fingerlings. These activities raise concerns about biodiversity of Brazilian inland waters especially regarding the fish fauna; the basin of the Ivaí River already has species classified in categories of extinction risk: Brycon nattereri and Apareiodon vladii (Vulnerable) and Characidium heirmostigmata and Steindachneridion scriptum (Endangered). The high species richness of native fish, endemism of some, high environmental heterogeneity, high risk of extinction and lack of knowledge of several other species along with the eminent human activities raise the need to enrich the scientific knowledge for future conservation efforts for the studied basin.

Comparison of the downstream scour to various curvatures of arched groundsill by flume test and computational software

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fu-Hsuan Yang ◽  
Hung-Pin Huang
Keyword(s):  
Flume Test ◽  
River Geomorphology ◽  
Downstream Flow ◽  
The Relationship

<p>In recent years, the arched groundsill has frequently used to prevent downstream scour and make ecologic habitat in Taiwan. However, the relationship between the depth of downstream scour and curvatures of arched groundsill is still unclear among the specialists and engineers. In order to explore this relationship, this study carried out flume test and calibrated computational software. The result shows that the maximum impact increases with increasing curvatures of both of upward and downward arched groundsills. And, the downstream flow tubes tend to concentration with increasing curvatures of upward arched groundsill while the downstream flow tubes tend to spread uniformly with increasing curvatures of downward one. These phenomena would affect the scale of downstream scour and make the new river geomorphology. Result could be as a reference for choosing convenient curvature when specialists and engineers design arched groundsill.</p>

Living Through Some Positive Experiences of Psychotherapy

2005 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amedeo Giorgi ◽  
Nico Gallegos
Keyword(s):  
Symptom Relief ◽  
Outcome Evaluation ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Negative Experiences ◽  
Good Criterion ◽  
Positive Experiences ◽  
To Come ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractIn this article three clients were asked to describe some alleviation of symptoms that they may have experienced in psychotherapy. The descriptions were broad enough so that they were able to be characterized as positive experiences. Positive experiences were easy to come by but they took place within a context of ongoing therapy that included as well negative experiences and lack of progress. Instrumental for the existence of the positive experiences was a high quality relationship with the therapist that was safe, trusting, caring and non-judgmental. Phenomenological reflections on the empirical findings indicated 1) that focused symptom relief was not necessarily the best strategy for outcome evaluation of therapy, 2) threw doubt on termination of therapy as a good criterion for the experience of therapy and 3) concluded that the relationship between therapist and client is complex but unified in a way that needs further clarification.

scholarly journals Study on reservoir time-varying design flood of inflow based on Poisson process with time-dependent parameters

2018 ◽  
Vol 379 ◽  
pp. 119-123
Author(s):  
Jiqing Li ◽  
Jing Huang ◽  
Jianchang Li
Keyword(s):  
Poisson Process ◽  
Flood Control ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Time Varying ◽  
Design Flood ◽  
Threshold Method ◽  
Peak Over Threshold ◽  
Peak Over Threshold Method ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. The time-varying design flood can make full use of the measured data, which can provide the reservoir with the basis of both flood control and operation scheduling. This paper adopts peak over threshold method for flood sampling in unit periods and Poisson process with time-dependent parameters model for simulation of reservoirs time-varying design flood. Considering the relationship between the model parameters and hypothesis, this paper presents the over-threshold intensity, the fitting degree of Poisson distribution and the design flood parameters are the time-varying design flood unit period and threshold discriminant basis, deduced Longyangxia reservoir time-varying design flood process at 9 kinds of design frequencies. The time-varying design flood of inflow is closer to the reservoir actual inflow conditions, which can be used to adjust the operating water level in flood season and make plans for resource utilization of flood in the basin.

scholarly journals MONITORING AND EVALUATION SYSTEMS AND PERFORMANCE OF URBAN LOCAL GOVERNMENTS: A CASE OF TOWN COUNCILS IN JINJA DISTRICT, EASTERN UGANDA

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-30
Author(s):  
Seezi Bogere ◽  
John Micheal Maxel Okoche ◽  
Isaac Eremugo
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Unique Contribution ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Evaluation Systems ◽  
System Process ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Eastern Uganda

Purpose: The study investigated the relationship between Monitoring and Evaluation systems and performance of Urban local governments in Jinja District of Eastern Uganda. Specifically, the study focused on establishing the relationship between M&E systems inputs, M&E systems process, M&E systems outputs and performance of Urban local governments in Jinja District. Methodology: The study used a cross sectional study design employing both qualitative and quantitative research approaches. The population (112) of the study consisted of the Town clerks, Political leaders and Town council employees to which simple random sampling was applied. Quantitative data was collected from a sample of 76 respondents using researcher administered questionnaire. Responses were rated on a 5-Likert scale and analyzed for descriptive and inferential statistic using SPSS software presented in tables. Qualitative data was collected from 10 key informants using interview guides analyzed using content analysis and presented as text. Findings: Correlational analysis revealed that a significant and a strong positive linear relationship between performance of urban local governments in Jinja District and M&E systems inputs (r= 0.730**, p < 0.05), M&E system process (r= 0.814**, p < 0.05) and M&E system outputs (r= 0.739**, p < 0.05). Regression analysis showed a significant and positive influence of M&E system inputs (β=-.203, p=.001, <0.05), M&E system process (β=.071, p=.001, <0.05) and M&E system outputs (β=.315, p=.000, <0.05) on the performance of urban local governments in Jinja District. Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: There are weaknesses in the M&E systems in urban local governments in Jinja District in terms of failure to track results despite the huge investments in area of M&E. Therefore, there is need to strengthen the M&E systems of urban local governments in Jinja district by; placing trained M&E human resource; developing M&E frameworks and developing costed M&E work plans Future studies should examine the perception of local government employees on the institutionalization of M&E system in the public sector of Uganda.

scholarly journals Flood Reduction Analysis by Using Multiple Dams Sscenario in Karang Mumus River, Samarinda

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Riyan Benny Sukmara ◽  
Nadjadji Anwar ◽  
Ray Shyan Wu ◽  
Ariyaningsih
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Flood Control ◽  
Peak Discharge ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Control Effort ◽  
River Bank ◽  
Public Facilities ◽  
Flood Discharge ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
River Banks

Flooding issues in Samarinda have high depending on the capacity of Karang Mumus river. Considering the ability of Karang Mumus river to drain off flood discharge, there wore evidence that the constriction of River will drive to flooding issues, especially in rainy/wet season (October-April). The constriction of river happens because many people build nonpermanent houses and building on the river and river banks. Flooding potentially damages to the houses, roads, and other public facilities increasingly. To cope the issue, Government of Samarinda has tried many solutions to overcome the issue by building The Benanga dam and it has been planned to build multiple Dams in Karang Mumus sub-Watershed. This paper aims to analyze the effectiveness of flood control effort using multiple dams scenario in Karang Mumus Sub-Watershed. Analyzing process including hydrology simulation, the relationship between hydrographs and rise of water level simulation in Karang Mumus River. The result of this paper shows water level when peak discharge flows out existing river bank. Analyzing result also shows that flood control scenario is effective to reducing flood discharge until fifty percent compared without existing conditions.

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