scholarly journals Fluctuation in the Level of the Caspian Sea and its Consequences

2021 ◽  
Vol 288 ◽  
pp. 01064
Author(s):  
Akimgali Kenzhegaliev ◽  
Assylbek Kanbetov ◽  
Dauren Kulbatyrov ◽  
Aiauzhan Shakhmanova ◽  
Ainagul Abilgaziyeva
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Caspian Sea ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Present Stage ◽  
The Caspian Sea ◽  
Industrial Facilities ◽  
Sea Levels ◽  
Early Neogene ◽  
Rising Sea Levels

While in the early neogene, tectonic and to a lesser extent climatic factors impacted on the sea level, at the present stage climatic, man-made and anthropogenic factors are at the forefront. As a result of an increase in the level of the Caspian Sea by more than 2.4 m, 35-40 thousand square meters km of territory was flooded, during the flooding and flooding of the coastal territory for the period 1978-1995 led to a change in natural, socio-economic and medico-ecological conditions. The consequences of rising sea levels led to the resettlement of about 100 thousand people living in the coastal flooded zone of the Northern Caspian Sea and many industrial facilities.

DYNAMICS OF SPECIES OF MEADOW COMMUNITIES RICHNESS UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF UNSTABLE CASPIAN SEA LEVEL

1970 ◽  
pp. 12-14
Author(s):  
М. I. Dzhalalova
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Vegetation Cover ◽  
Caspian Sea ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
The State ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressure ◽  
The Caspian Sea ◽  
Secondary Salinization ◽  
Meadow Communities

Based on the analysis of phytocenotic indicators, the results of the study of the state of the meadow community of the Caspian lowland are presented. The coastal plains of the Caspian region are the youngest land areas, the vegetation cover of which has not yet formed and is at different stages of successional development. The flora and vegetation of the regions was significantly influenced by transgressive and regressive stages in the history of the Caspian Sea. Their coastline was constantly changing under the influence of natural, and now also anthropogenic factors. At the present stage, the Caspian Sea is in a transgressive phase, since 1978 the sea level has risen by 2 m. Long-term impact on meadow communities of natural and anthropogenic factors leads to significant changes in the indigenous communities of this region. The general trend in the dynamics of meadow vegetation in plain Dagestan has been associated in recent years with the processes of steppe formation, and in many cases - salinization and desertification. The coastal and deltaic phytocenoses of the young plain are formed not so much under the influence of zonal conditions, but more under the complex interaction of local conditions - the changing level regime of the Caspian Sea, groundwater, high summer temperatures, strong anthropogenic pressure (irregular grazing, wind erosion, secondary salinization), variegated lithological, soil and the associated complexity of the vegetation cover. Such changes in meadow and meadow-bog vegetation were first noted by E.V. Schiffers. The aim of the research was to study the state of the meadow community by assessing phytocenotic indicators: the structure of vegetation cover, projective cover, species diversity, abundance of species.

scholarly journals CASPIAN SEA GEODYNAMICAL EVOLUTION EFFECT ON THE SEA LEVEL CHANGING ALONG THE QUATERNARY PERIOD

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 333
Author(s):  
H. Khoshravan
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Caspian Sea ◽  
Human Society ◽  
The Caspian Sea ◽  
Quaternary Period ◽  
Sea Levels ◽  
Sea Level Fluctuations ◽  
Sea Bottom ◽  
Petroleum Wells ◽  
Recent Sediments

The Caspian Sea as the largest lake in the world has different characteristics considering geosciences (Fig. I). In fact sea level changing is the most important happening in this region. Annually fluctuation impact on surrounding coastal area has serious damage and human society meet frequent destroyed phenomena. In this paper we are trying to reconstruct rapid Sea level changing in Holocene epoch by use paleontology evidences such as: Mollusks fossil and sedimentary fades record. In this research 254 Quaternary sediment core samples from exploring petroleum wells (M-l, G3-A) have been evaluated considering above mentioned and also more than 130 sea bottom recent sediments on view of biofacies and biostratigraphy studied. Our investigation results show that in the Caspian Sea basin at the Holocene epoch there are many periodic sea level fluctuations and climatologie impact is most important agent for sea level changing in this basin. Data results are showing that in the studied area there were many periodic rapid sea levels changing during the Quaternary period. The Caspian Sea has several fluctuations along 10,000years ago and its latest begin about 25years ago. Finally we can conclude that Caspian Sea level fluctuation could continue at future similar past time and climatologie impact and tectonic movement are important agents for sea level changing in this region

scholarly journals Seasonal variability of the Caspian Sea three-dimensional circulation, sea level and air-sea interaction

Ocean Science ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 311-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Ibrayev ◽  
E. Özsoy ◽  
C. Schrum ◽  
H. İ. Sur
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Wind Stress ◽  
Caspian Sea ◽  
Seasonal Cycle ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Heat Fluxes ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Coastal Currents ◽  
The Caspian Sea ◽  
Sea Surface Topography

Abstract. A three-dimensional primitive equation model including sea ice thermodynamics and air-sea interaction is used to study seasonal circulation and water mass variability in the Caspian Sea under the influence of realistic mass, momentum and heat fluxes. River discharges, precipitation, radiation and wind stress are seasonally specified in the model, based on available data sets. The evaporation rate, sensible and latent heat fluxes at the sea surface are computed interactively through an atmospheric boundary layer sub-model, using the ECMWF-ERA15 re-analysis atmospheric data and model generated sea surface temperature. The model successfully simulates sea-level changes and baroclinic circulation/mixing features with forcing specified for a selected year. The results suggest that the seasonal cycle of wind stress is crucial in producing basin circulation. Seasonal cycle of sea surface currents presents three types: cyclonic gyres in December–January; Eckman south-, south-westward drift in February–July embedded by western and eastern southward coastal currents and transition type in August–November. Western and eastern northward sub-surface coastal currents being a result of coastal local dynamics at the same time play an important role in meridional redistribution of water masses. An important part of the work is the simulation of sea surface topography, yielding verifiable results in terms of sea level. The model successfully reproduces sea level variability for four coastal points, where the observed data are available. Analyses of heat and water budgets confirm climatologic estimates of heat and moisture fluxes at the sea surface. Experiments performed with variations in external forcing suggest a sensitive response of the circulation and the water budget to atmospheric and river forcing.

scholarly journals Legal Status Of The Caspian Sea: History And Present

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ardak Kapyshev
Keyword(s):  
Caspian Sea ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Oil Fields ◽  
Present Stage ◽  
The Caspian Sea ◽  
Interstate Relations ◽  
The Usa ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Right ◽  
Near Future

At  the  present  stage  one  of  the  unsolved   problems in  interstate relations of  Caspian bordering countries is defining international­legal status of the Caspian Sea. It is noted in the article that this problem is not a new one at all. The history of “division” of the Caspian Sea begins in the ancient age, namely in VIII century. It is underlined that the basic stumbling block  is the position of Iran on the right to use the Caspian Sea, and also occurrence of extra regional players, such as  the USA, China, etc. First of  all, it is connected with rich oil fields and other minerals, and also with convenient geopolitical and geostrategic position. The only way to worry out the international­legal delimitation of the Caspian Sea problem is a negotiating process. By now, despite of  certain disagreements on  legal status of  the Caspian Sea, five Caspian bordering countries managed to achieve certain progress, admitting the possibility of applying the principle of sectorial sectioning on the Caspian Sea.  Clear proof  of  it is the agreements on  division of ground on the northern part of Caspian Sea signed between Kazakhstan, Russia and Azerbaijan. It is important that Kazakhstan, Russia, Azerbaijan and Turkmenistan clearly stated their positions and agreed to make a compromise in their official statements. More than likely, in the near future Iran will soften its position, considering its present  situation and   strained relations with the USA. It has been alleged that the constructive  dialog  already  started; everything depends on  the mobility,  concurrency and rationality of actions of all Caspian bordering countries.

scholarly journals Features of seasonal changes of the Caspian Sea level

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.S. Safarov ◽  
◽  
J.-F. Cretaux ◽  
R.M. Mammadov ◽  
A. Arsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Caspian Sea ◽  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
The Caspian Sea

Tsunami Hazard of the Caspian Sea

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alisa Medvedeva ◽  
Igor Medvedev
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Caspian Sea ◽  
Tsunami Hazard ◽  
Seismic Sources ◽  
Deterministic Approach ◽  
The Caspian Sea ◽  
Tsunami Waves ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Run Up ◽  
Sea Coast

<p>A regional model of tsunami seismic sources in the zone of the Main Caucasian thrust has been developed. The parameters of probable models of seismic sources and their uncertainties were estimated based on the available data on historical earthquakes and active faults of the region. The scenario modeling technique was used for the tsunami zoning of the Caspian Sea coast. The time period covered by the model catalog of earthquakes used to calculate the generation and propagation of tsunamis is about 20 000 years, which is longer than the recurrence periods of the strongest possible earthquakes. The recurrence graphs of the calculated maximum tsunami heights for the entire sea coast were plotted. On their basis, the maximum heights of tsunami waves on the coast were calculated with recurrence periods of 250, 500, 1000 and 5000 years and the corresponding survey maps of the tsunami zoning of the Caspian Sea were created. The algorithm for calculating the tsunami run-up on the coast is improved, taking into account the residual (postseismic) displacements of the bottom and land relief. Estimates of tsunami hazard for the coast near the city of Kaspiysk were carried out: within the framework of the deterministic approach, the maximum wave heights and run-up distance were calculated. It is shown that the deterministic approach slightly overestimates the maximum heights of tsunami waves with certain return periods. It is shown that changes in the mean sea level can affect the features of the propagation of tsunami waves in the Caspian Sea. Thus, at an average sea level of -25-26 m, the Kara-Bogaz-Gol Bay is linked with the entire sea through a narrow strait. It leads to the propagation of tsunami waves into the water area of the bay and a decrease in wave height on the eastern coast of the sea. When the mean sea level decreases below -27 m, the positive depths in the strait disappear and water exchange through the strait stops, and the wave height in this part of the sea increases.</p>

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