scholarly journals Combined Method of Coal Mining in the Opening of Shallow Layers as a Direction of Innovative Development of Geotechnology

2021 ◽  
Vol 315 ◽  
pp. 01006
Author(s):  
Tatiana Tyuleneva ◽  
Roman Shishkov ◽  
Elena Kucherova ◽  
Marat Moldazhanov
Keyword(s):  
Coal Mining ◽  
Underground Mining ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Open Pit Mining ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Balanced Development ◽  
Coal Reserves ◽  
The Cost

In recent years, there has been a decline in the efficiency of coal mining by traditional methods. On the one hand, the volume of coal outside the contour of the cut, which is economically impractical for open-pit mining, is increasing. On the other hand, when using underground geotechnology, the cost of production exceeds the cost of performing mining operations using open geotechnology, this is due to differences in the factors of operation of the open pit and the mine. This circumstance determines the use of open-underground technology for mining coal reserves outside the contour of the open pit as an actual and promising direction. This article describes a methodological approach based on the use of technological schemes for the preparation and treatment of reserves of powerful shallow coal seams, the justification of the parameters of combined geotechnology with a coordinated and balanced development of open and open-underground mining operations with the distribution of reserves for open and open-underground mining of coal reserves beyond the limit contour of the open pit, the preparation of excavation sites directly from its workings and the coordination of production capacity and the speed of their development. Its application will increase the production capacity of the coal mining complex without additional environmental burden and will provide an increased return on investment.

scholarly journals Technological Solutions for Processing Closed Coal Mines by Open Pit Method

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 01041
Author(s):  
Vladimir Makarov ◽  
Péter Kovacs ◽  
Samuel Dagmar ◽  
Riccardo Paulman
Keyword(s):  
Underground Mining ◽  
Underground Mines ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Open Pit Mining ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Environmental Consequences ◽  
Harmful Emissions ◽  
Coal Reserves ◽  
Working Out

The main sources of environmental pollution are: pollution from the residual effects of working out of mine fields by underground method; pollution from secondary mining of mine fields by the open method. The pollution of the environment from the underground mining of mine fields is mainly due to the erosion of the surface of the ditches caused by collapse of the underground workings, spontaneous combustion of the remaining coal reserves and exit of poison gases SO2 and CO to the surface through the cracks from the lower horizons of the worked-out mine fields. This makes actual the research of technological possibilities of harmful emissions reducing when quarrying underground mines’ fields. The environment deterioration from conducting open pit mining operations in the underground mine fields is caused by the technological processes of quarrying (preparation of rock for excavation, excavation, transportation of rocks and coal, dumping), by the objects of the open pit infrastructure (industrial site, transport communications, trenches and other workings, coal storage and rock dumps). The main direction of eliminating the negative environmental consequences of underground mining is the localization or complete isolation of the underground mines influence’ on the surface.

scholarly journals Development Status of Coal Mining in China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
liu xinjie ◽  
Li Lianghui ◽  
Yang yingming
Keyword(s):  
Coal Mining ◽  
Underground Mining ◽  
Coal Mines ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Coal Industry ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Open Pit Mining ◽  
Development Status ◽  
Average Production ◽  
Speed Up

Abstract As a controllable active resource in China, coal mining is facing the transition from output to quality. Base d on the total mining production and average capacity, the current situation and level of coal mining at three scales of mine, city and province is analyzed , data support for the layout of sustainable mining development and the optimization of output is provided. The results show that China's coal is mainly mined by underground mining, accounting for 87%, with an average production capacity of 0.93 million tons. Open pit mining accounts for 13%, with an average production capacity of 5.73 million ton s. S o t he average production capacity of open pit and underground workers is 1.045 million tons, with 1,181 coal mines capacity lower than 0.3 million tons, accounting for 35% of the total coal mines, contributing only 4% to their output. They are distributed in about 48 cities in 6 provinces, seriously restricting the green coal mining. The coal industry should speed up the reduction of small coal mines in key provinces and cities, eliminate outdated product ion capacity in the central region, increase the speed and proportion of coal resources moving westward, and promote high quality development of coal mining.

Muruntau gold mining and refining operation: Resources, expansion program and future considerations

2021 ◽  
pp. 43-47
Author(s):  
K. Sanakulov ◽  
N. P. Snitka
Keyword(s):  
Gold Mining ◽  
Underground Mining ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Open Pit Mining ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Late 20Th Century ◽  
Gold Ore ◽  
Refining Operation ◽  
Production Improvement ◽  
Stable Performance

The international geological community has acknowledged Muruntau gold deposit as the greatest discovery in the mid-to-late 20th century. Muruntau mine field holds the total appraised resource potential of more than 4.5 thousand tons of gold. Hydrometallurgical plant GMZ-3 implements gold-ore processing by gravitational sedimentation and adsorption. The technological and instrumental modernization of the gold processing circuit toward its higher capacity, gold recovery and thoroughness are the important aspects of production improvement and cost reduction. The developed and introduced ore milling flowchart provides replacement of the second milling stage pumps by higher-capacity pumps backed up with additional cyclones. Aiming to ensure stable gold production at plants GMZ-2 and GMZ-3, Navoi MMC’s experts accomplished the feasibility study of mining operations in Chukurkuduk and Turbai deposits in 2020. The growth prospects for open pit mining in Murunatu–Myutenbai fields after 2060 are estimated using the model of optimized ultimate pit limit design at the gold price of USD 1500/t. The model ultimate pit limit embraces all probable reserves as per the detailed 2D seismic data as of early 2020, including proven reserves intended for open pit and underground mining. The gold ore appraisal and the expansion program elaborated for Muruntau gold mining and refining integrated works in joint Muruntau–Myutenbai field, through implementation of operation phases V and further make it possible to forecast stable performance up to 2030–2050.

scholarly journals Methodological approach to creation of the 3D model of an oval-shaped open pit mine

2019 ◽  
Vol 123 ◽  
pp. 01049 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serik Moldabayev ◽  
Bolatbek Rysbaiuly ◽  
Zhanat Sultanbekova ◽  
Nurzhigit Sarybayev
Keyword(s):  
3D Model ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Quality Criterion ◽  
Open Pit Mine ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Open Pit Mining ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Optimization Task ◽  
Phased Development

A 3D model of optimal contours phased development of oval-shaped open pit mines is proposed in the article. It is assumed that with enough accuracy the volumetric contour of the open pit mine is interpolated by an elongated elliptic hyperboloid. The calculation formulas for mineral resources are derived and optimal volumes of overburden are determined depending on the mining phase. In this case, the total number of mining phases is set in advance. The stripping ratio is used as a quality criterion of the optimization task. The problem of optimal control is solved using the Bellman function in dynamic programming. All the necessary calculation formulas are obtained in the final form by solving the optimization problem. Their simplicity and substantiation of each conclusion ensure that the results of this study can be successfully applied in practical calculations of the design and planning of mining operations in open pit mining.

scholarly journals Numerical modeling of open pit (OP) to underground (UG) transition in coal mining

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 35-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phu Minh Vuong Nguyen ◽  
Zbigniew Niedbalski
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Modeling ◽  
Coal Mining ◽  
Surface Deformation ◽  
Underground Mining ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Open Pit Mining ◽  
Original Experiment ◽  
Surface Stability ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The primary objective of the present paper is an attempt at evaluating the influence of sub-level caving operations on the slope stability of a still-functioning open pit coal mine in Vietnam. Initially, various methods of predicting the impact of underground mining on surface stability are discussed. Those theoretical considerations were later utilized in the process of constructing a Flac-2D-software-based numerical model for calculating the influence of underground operation on the deformation and possible loss of stability of an open pit slope. The numerical analysis proved that the values of open pit slope displacements were affected mainly by underground exploitation depth, direction of operation (i.e., from one slope to the other) and the distance from the slope plane. Real geomechanical strata parameters from the Vietnamese coal basin of Cam Pha were used in the modeling process. The paper is, therefore, a critical review of the hitherto proposed methods of predicting the impact of underground operation (UG) on open pit mining (OP), illustrated with selected examples of case studies on OP-UG interaction, followed by an original experiment based on numerical modeling method. This is first such study for the genuine conditions of the coal mining in Vietnam. The obtained results, however, should not be generalized due to a highly specific character of the analyzed phenomenon of mining-induced surface deformation. The practical implications of the study may occur extremely useful in the case of an UG-OP transition. Such a transition is often necessary for both technical and economical reasons, as in some coal basins open pit operations at greater depths occur unfeasible, which calls for a proper selection of parameters for a planned underground operation.

scholarly journals Technological schemes of coal extraction in closed mines with the use of backhoes

2021 ◽  
Vol 303 ◽  
pp. 01059
Author(s):  
Vladimir Makarov ◽  
Valery Kolesnikov ◽  
Dawid Szurgacz
Keyword(s):  
Rock Mass ◽  
Characteristic Feature ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Coal Extraction ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Open Pit Mining ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Coal Deposits ◽  
Environmental Requirements ◽  
Coal Reserves

At the present time on the fields of operating and closed-down mines there are sections of open-pit operations. However, the adopted technology does not meet environmental requirements, there are no scientific recommendations on the technology of open-pit mining in hazardous areas of mine fields, there is no substantiation of the boundary contours of open-pit mining. A characteristic feature of depleted mine fields is the disturbed rock mass and the lack of concentrated coal reserves within their boundaries. In fact, coal reserves are represented in the form of fragmentary volumes of safety pillars and substandard reserves in places of geological disturbances. Limitation of mine fields in terms of various infrastructure objects imposes special requirements for mining operations. In these conditions it is not possible to apply the classic mining systems and technologies. This predetermines the necessity to develop new technological solutions. Therefore, scientific research on justification of technology for extraction of remaining reserves of coal after underground development of inclined and steep-sloping coal deposits with simultaneous reclamation of disturbed lands is actual.

scholarly journals Mining industry in Mozambique

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 114-120
Author(s):  
J. J. Z. Caixao
Keyword(s):  
Underground Mining ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Open Pit Mining ◽  
Coal Production ◽  
Geological Conditions ◽  
Shaft Sinking ◽  
Coal Reserves

At present time,Mozambiqueis called the “Rising Star of South Africa” mainly due to the rapid development of its mining industry. Mineral resources sector ofMozambiqueis one of the most dynamically developing sectors of the country’s economy.China,BrazilandIndiahave recently become the main partners forMozambique. Recently, a number of projects is being implemented in the country, for example, Auroch Minerals Manica Gold in gold production. Increasing coal production is connected with commissioning of the Moatize open pit, which is being developed by Brazilian Vale Company, as well as Benga mining company owned by Indian ICVL consortium. The analysis of the extraction of certain mineral types inMozambiquepresented in the paper demonstrates general picture of mining industry development in the country. The analysis findings allow identifying the causes of negative phenomena in the industry, manifesting themselves in decreasing production of certain types of minerals. For instance, the main reasons for the decline in coal production were dropping labor productivity, deterioration of mining conditions, and depletion of the most accessible coal reserves, extractable by open pit mining. In this regard, development of underground mining methods providing for opening of deep deposits by vertical shaft sets is highly relevant. The experience of the neighboringRepublicofSouth Africashows that, in the mining and geological conditions of the south of the African continent, highspeed shaft sinking methods accelerating deposit development can be successfully applied.

Factors influencing the opening scheme deep horizons of quarries with the use of sloping underground transport development

2020 ◽  
pp. 351-367
Author(s):  
V. A. Cherepanov ◽  
I. A. Glebov
Keyword(s):  
Underground Mining ◽  
Slope Angle ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Field Development ◽  
Optimization Of Process Parameters ◽  
Development Of Instrument ◽  
Mining Works ◽  
The Cost

The questions of improving the technology of completion of deposits are closely associated with an increase in the efficiency of technological processes and introduction of new methods and means of mechanization, optimization of process parameters to minimize the cost and increase the intensity of mining works in conditions of changing parameters of the working area depth of mining. For different conditions of completion of deposits by open-underground method, depending on the volume of traffic and parameters of quarries, it is proposed to use the appropriate underground transport workings. Optimization of the parameters of the sides of the quarry allows to increase the slope angle and increase the cost-effective depth of open-pit development. As one of the possible ways of refining deposits, the use of inclined underground transport workings is proposed by developing a quarry with a tunnel opening zone, or using underground mining operations, but without building capital vertical shafts. The article presents the factors that influence the opening scheme deep horizons of quarries with the use of sloping underground transport development with using articulated trucks and road trains. The factors are the basis for further search of rational parameters of openunderground technology of completion of instrument and sub-barrier reserves. To assess the depth of the transition to the opening scheme using the tunnel opening zone, it is necessary to take into account a number of factors: mining, technical, and economic. The results of such calculations are given in the article. The application of the proposed technology will increase the completeness of field development due to the involvement in the development of instrument and sub-barrier reserves, which is an urgent task in connection with the upcoming achievement of the stage of completion of deposits at many mining enterprises, both in the near future and in the long term.

Current state and perspectives in automation of the open pit mining operations

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (30) ◽  
pp. 115-123
Author(s):  
A.A. Sobolev ◽  
◽  
G.V. Sekisov ◽  
A.Yu. Cheban ◽  
N.M. Litvinova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Open Pit ◽  
Open Pit Mining ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Current State

scholarly journals On the Measures to Solve Environmental Problems of the Territory with Intensive Open Pit Coal Mining

2019 ◽  
Vol 105 ◽  
pp. 02006
Author(s):  
Tatiana Gvozdkova ◽  
Pawel Stefanek ◽  
Michaela Koščová
Keyword(s):  
Soil Cover ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Radioactive Isotopes ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Open Pit Mining ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Coal Deposits ◽  
Disturbed Land ◽  
Ecological Problems ◽  
Suitable Form

Ecological problems in the open pit mining of coal deposits are extremely hard, since mining operations are accompanied by disturbed land to a large depth with significant changes in the landscape, hydrometeorological conditions, mixing of rocks and removal of infertile or even harmful rocks with radioactive isotopes to the surface. Disturbed lands are unusable if they are not repaired. All man-made disturbances of the environment caused by open pit mining are divided into landscape (changes in terrain, vegetation and soil cover) and environmental (violation of living conditions within the allotment and adjacent lands: changes in water regime, pollution of the soil, air and water basins) onesOne of the most important areas in the field of environmental protection is the reclamation (restoration) of the earth’s surface. In accordance with the requirements of the protection of the subsoil, enterprises engaged in the development of mineral deposits are obliged at their own expense to bring disturbed lands into a state suitable form for their further use. Reclamation of ought to be carried out during open pit mining operations and must be completed after mining of mineral resources in the terms established by the authorities that provide land for use.

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