scholarly journals What flowers can bloom in a green open access landscape? Imagining a future with BitViews.

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 01004
Author(s):  
Manfredi La Manna
Keyword(s):  
Open Access ◽  
Research Collaboration ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Research Impact ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
List Type ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Institutional Repositories

BitViews is a blockchain application that collects, validates, and aggregates worldwide online usage data of author’s approved manuscripts (AAMs) deposited in Open Access Institutional Repositories. It creates a free public ledger of usage events that allows anyone to see which research outputs have been accessed, where, and when, thus providing the raw material to construct discipline- and region-specific non-citation based measures of research impact. BitViews’ short-term implications include: 1.The re-alignment of journal impact measures (from citations to usage); 2.Changed patterns in the production of research articles (towards high- usage topics); 3.Creation of new networks of research collaboration; 4.Enhanced opportunity for open data sharing. BitViews’ long-term effects are transformative. Because BitViews promotes the “unbundling” of AAMs from published articles, it endows AAMs with independent value. Two disruptive consequences follow: the very concept of APCs is undermined and the conditions are created for the academy to regain ownership of peer review. Relegating commercial publishers to the role of providers of post-AAM services, huge resources will be released. As soon as AAMs are de‐ coupled from articles, the same process and infrastructure can be applied to research monographs, thereby completing the cycle of Open Access to the whole production of knowledge.

Reshaping the Economic Structure in Argentina: The Role of External Debt during the Macri Administration (2015–2019)

2021 ◽  
pp. 048661342097642
Author(s):  
Juan E. Santarcángelo ◽  
Juan Manuel Padín
Keyword(s):  
External Debt ◽  
Economic Structure ◽  
The United States ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Financial Capital ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Long Term Effects

Argentina’s right-wing shift in the 2015 presidential election concluded twelve years of center-left rule. The elected president, Mauricio Macri, claimed that the economy would experience normalization of existing imbalances and recover its strength in a “new political era.” However, the new administration quickly restored the dominance of neoliberal economic policies through a comprehensive set of initiatives, which centrally included the return to international financial debt and equity markets and submission to the International Monetary Fund’s (IMF) rules. This article analyzes Argentina’s external-debt-growth process and discusses its objectives and long-term effects. This paper posits that the indebtedness process carried out by the Macri administration—and its modality—not only increased the relevance of financial capital in the Argentine economy but also structurally conditioned any future nonorthodox alternative path of development. This outcome cannot be understood without taking into account the deliberate role of the United States, the IMF, and the top companies that operate in Argentina, as well as the complicity of many political sectors. JEL Classification: H63, F34, F63

scholarly journals Antibiotics at birth and later antibiotic courses: effects on gut microbiota

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sofia Ainonen ◽  
Mysore V Tejesvi ◽  
Md. Rayhan Mahmud ◽  
Niko Paalanne ◽  
Tytti Pokka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Control Group ◽  
List Type ◽  
Antibiotic Exposure ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Antibiotic Courses ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition

Abstract Background Intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis (IAP) is widely used, but the evidence of the long-term effects on the gut microbiota and subsequent health of children is limited. Here, we compared the impacts of perinatal antibiotic exposure and later courses of antibiotic courses on gut microbiota. Methods This was a prospective, controlled cohort study among 100 vaginally delivered infants with different perinatal antibiotic exposures: control (27), IAP (27), postnatal antibiotics (24), and IAP and postnatal antibiotics (22). At 1 year of age, we performed next-generation sequencing of the bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA gene of fecal samples. Results Exposure to the perinatal antibiotics had a clear impact on the gut microbiota. The abundance of the Bacteroidetes phylum was significantly higher in the control group, whereas the relative abundance of Escherichia coli was significantly lower in the control group. The impact of the perinatal antibiotics on the gut microbiota composition was greater than exposure to later courses of antibiotics (28% of participants). Conclusions Perinatal antibiotic exposure had a marked impact on the gut microbiota at the age of 1 year. The timing of the antibiotic exposure appears to be the critical factor for the changes observed in the gut microbiota. Impact Infants are commonly exposed to IAP and postnatal antibiotics, and later to courses of antibiotics during the first year of life. Perinatal antibiotics have been associated with an altered gut microbiota during the first months of life, whereas the evidence regarding the long-term impact is more limited. Perinatal antibiotic exposure had a marked impact on the infant’s gut microbiota at 1 year of age. Impact of the perinatal antibiotics on the gut microbiota composition was greater than that of the later courses of antibiotics at the age of 1 year.

Mother, baby and Facebook makes three: does social media provide social support for new mothers?

2018 ◽  
Vol 168 (1) ◽  
pp. 122-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Archer ◽  
Kai-Ti Kao
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Media Use ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
New Mothers ◽  
Social Media Use ◽  
Extreme Stress ◽  
Ability To Act

Many mothers can find themselves increasingly isolated and overwhelmed after giving birth to a new baby. This period can be a source of extreme stress, anxiety and depression, which can not only have an economic impact on national health services, but can also have long-term effects on the development of the child. At the same time, social media use among most new mothers has become ubiquitous. This research investigates the role of social media, potentially as a mechanism for social support, among Australian mothers of young children aged from birth to 4 years. The findings indicate that participants had mixed responses to their social media use. While social support was deemed a benefit, there were also some negative aspects to social media use identified. The findings highlight the need to critically interrogate social media’s ability to act as a source of social support for new mothers.

The long-term effects of stress: role of miRNAs in the development of vulnerable and resilient phenotype

2021 ◽  
Vol 131 ◽  
pp. 105496
Author(s):  
M. Mazzelli ◽  
N. Cattane ◽  
V. Begni ◽  
M. Papp ◽  
M.A. Riva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Effects Of Stress

The persistent effect of banking crises on investment and the role of financial markets

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felix Rioja ◽  
Fernando Rios-Avila ◽  
Neven Valev
Keyword(s):  
Financial Markets ◽  
Financial Development ◽  
Banking Crisis ◽  
Banking Crises ◽  
Output Growth ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Negative Effect

Purpose – While the literature studying the effect of banking crises on real output growth rates has found short-lived effects, recent work has focused on the level effects showing that banking crises can reduce output below its trend for several years. This paper aims to investigate the effect of banking crises on investment finding a prolonged negative effect. Design/methodology/approach – The authors test to see whether investment declines after a banking crisis and, if it does, for how long and by how much. The paper uses data for 148 countries from 1963 to 2007. Econometrically, the authors test how banking crises episodes affect investment in future years after controlling for other potential determinants. Findings – The authors find that the investment to GDP ratio is on average about 1.7 percent lower for about eight years following a banking crisis. These results are robust after controlling for credit availability, institutional characteristics, and a host of other factors. Furthermore, the authors find that the size and duration of this adverse effect on investment varies according to the level of financial development of a country. The largest and longer-lasting decrease in investment is found in countries in a middle region of financial development, where finance plays its most important role according to theory. Originality/value – The authors contribute by finding that banking crisis can have long-term effects on investment of up to nine years. Further, the authors contribute by finding that the level of development of the country's financial markets affects the duration of this decrease in investment.

scholarly journals Academic Orientation Programme 2021. Researcher Visibility & Sharing our work beyond the University

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Debbie Martindale
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Open Access ◽  
Research Collaboration ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Institutional Repositories ◽  
Academic Orientation ◽  
Creative Commons ◽  
Research Data Management ◽  
The University ◽  
Researcher Identity

<p>This presentation introduces academics and researchers to the value of formal and informal technologies in promoting the visibility and discoverability of their online researcher identity. Topics covered in the presentation include Open Access, Creative Commons licensing, Institutional Repositories, Research Data Management, ORCID, Research Collaboration & Social Scholarship, Researcher impact &citation analysis, Social Media, and Altmetrics.</p>

scholarly journals The Long-term Effects of Instruction on EFL Learners' Use of Complaining Formulas

10.29007/5xsb ◽  
2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alicia Martínez-Flor ◽  
Esther Usó-Juan
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Language Learners ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Efl Learners ◽  
Foreign Language Learners ◽  
Over Time

Studies analysing the positive role of pragmatic instruction in formal settings have increased over the last decades. Within this area of interventional pragmatics, some studies have particularly examined whether the effectiveness of the instruction implemented is sustained over time. In order to shed more light on the long-term effects of instruction, this research investigates English as a Foreign Language learners’ use of complaining formulas not only after immediately receiving instruction, but also two months later. Results show that learners keep using a variety of appropriate complaining formulas two months after having participated in the instructional period. These findings are discussed and directions for future research suggested.

scholarly journals The Critical Role of Institutional Services in Open Access Advocacy

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomasz Neugebauer ◽  
Annie Murray
Keyword(s):  
Open Access ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Text Data ◽  
Relative Significance ◽  
Institutional Repositories ◽  
Time Commitment ◽  
Institutional Services ◽  
Service Oriented ◽  
User Friendly

This paper examines the development of the Open Access movement in scholarly communication, with particular attention to some of the rhetorical strategies and policy mechanisms used to promote it to scholars and scientists. Despite the majority of journal publishers’ acceptance of author self-archiving practices, and the minimal time commitment required by authors to successfully self-archive their work in disciplinary or institutional repositories, the majority of authors still by and large avoid participation. The paper reviews the strategies and arguments used for increasing author participation in open access, including the role of open access mandates. We recommend a service-oriented approach towards increasing participation in open access, rather than rhetoric that speculates on the benefits that open access will have on text/data mining innovation. In advocating for open access participation, we recommend focusing on its most universal and tangible purpose: increasing public open (gratis) access to the published results of publicly funded research. Researchers require strong institutional support to understand the copyright climate of open access self-archiving, user-friendly interfaces and useful metrics, such as repository usage statistics. We recommend that mandates and well-crafted and responsive author support services at universities will ultimately be required to ensure the growth of open access. We describe the mediated deposit service that was developed to support author self-archiving in Spectrum: Concordia University Research Repository. By comparing the number of deposits of non-thesis materials (e.g. articles and conference presentations) that were accomplished through the staff-mediated deposit service to the number of deposits that were author-initiated, we demonstrate the relative significance of this service to the growth of the repository.

Is there a rendezvous for SARS-CoV-2 and Agmatine?

Coronaviruses ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 03 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nandkishor Kotagale ◽  
Brijesh Taksande ◽  
Nazma Inamdar
Keyword(s):  
Neuromuscular Diseases ◽  
Neurological Complications ◽  
Nervous System Diseases ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Peripheral Nervous System Diseases ◽  
Neurological Effects ◽  
Specific Symptoms

Abstract: The catastrophe of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic is caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). The respiratory system appears to be ground zero in the majority of the patients. However, many other organs can get infected by cytokines, chemokines and other mediators released in response to the presence of the virus. The neurotropism by the SARS-CoV-2 is established beyond doubt. In addition to non-specific symptoms, the symptoms specific to central and/or peripheral nervous system diseases as well as neuromuscular diseases have been observed in numerous clinical cases. These observations and the experiences with other coronavirus infections earlier and flu pandemics raise concerns not only about the neurological effects in active disease but also about the long-term effects generated by the infection, immune and inflammatory functions. The knowledge of biological actions of agmatine in the backdrop of physiological events instigated by invading SARS-CoV-2 and host’s response, especially in neural events, focuses on the possible overlaps of biomolecular pathways at a number of instances. This is not surprising since the factors stimulated during SARS-CoV-2 infection are the disease-generating neuroinflammatory components altered by agmatine. Hence, we hypothesize the possible beneficial role of agmatine in SARS-CoV-2 infection. Based on a narrative review of the literature, agmatine can be proposed as a plausible beneficial candidate for supporting treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection and for addressing post-infection neurological complications.

Open Access Initiatives and Institutional Repositories

2015 ◽  
pp. 208-228
Author(s):  
Naseehath S.
Keyword(s):  
Open Access ◽  
Present Stage ◽  
Global Organizations ◽  
Institutional Repositories ◽  
Characteristic Features

This chapter gives an over view of Open access initiatives and institutional repositories. It emphasizes the emergence and development of open access initiatives from various international declarations up to its present stage. Definitions, types, characteristic features and impact of open access on various sectors are discussed. Open access initiatives in India are briefly included. DOAJ and other global organizations are taken in to discussion with their recent events. Objectives of Institutional repositories are given with an emphasis on institutional repositories in India. It throws light on DOAR and ROAR. Types of institutional repositories and softwares used to create them are also discussed. Earlier and latest institutional repositories in India are listed in tables. Major Indian institutional repositories with their software used are also in the table form. Role of librarians and libraries on open access and institutional repositories are also included followed by a conclusion for the whole chapter.

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