Survival durations and behavioural adjustments of two freshwater bivalves (Unio terminalis, Unionida and Corbicula fluminea, Venerida) under two emersion conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Mehmet Güler
Keyword(s):  
Corbicula Fluminea ◽  
Survival Duration ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Freshwater Bivalve ◽  
Limited Mobility ◽  
Sediment Treatment ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Freshwater Bivalves ◽  
Water Saturated

Freshwater bivalves in shallow waters are often exposed to extended periods of drought and are highly affected due to their limited mobility. Their adaptation to emersion is a key factor for survival, particularly during human-made unnatural water regime fluctuations or short-term droughts. In the current study, survival durations of two freshwater bivalve species (Unio terminalis, Unionidae and Corbicula fluminea, Cyrenidae) were tested under two experimental emersion conditions (presence of water-saturated sediment and without sediment). U. terminalis' mean survival duration more than doubled in the water-saturated sediment treatment (992 h) compared to treatment without sediment (448 h). For C. fluminea, the mean survival duration in the water-saturated sediment treatment (278 h) was over 50% longer than that recorded in the treatment without sediment (174 h). Both species probably made behavioral adjustments according to the environmental conditions to respond to the presence of the water-saturated sediment and maximized their survival chances. In general, U. terminalis survived significantly longer than C. fluminea in both treatments. No effects of size on survival were observed for either species.

High tolerance of progressive elastic compression in peripheral arterial disease

VASA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 413-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serge Couzan ◽  
Jean-François Pouget ◽  
Claire Le Hello ◽  
Céline Chapelle ◽  
Silvy Laporte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Venous Insufficiency ◽  
Ankle Brachial Index ◽  
Arterial Disease ◽  
Return Flow ◽  
High Tolerance ◽  
Compression Stockings ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Poor Tolerance ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Peripheral Arterial

Summary. Background: Theoretically progressive compression stockings, which produce a higher compression at the calf than at the ankle level, improve venous return flow without exacerbating peripheral arterial insufficiency (PAD). We aimed to evaluate the short-term tolerance of elastic progressive compression stockings on peripheral arterial vascularisation in patients with symptomatic PAD and associated mild venous insufficiency. Patients and methods: Monocentric, prospective, open pilot study of 18 patients (acceptability study, 6 x 6 plan) evaluating the short-term tolerance of progressive compression stockings (18 ± 2 mmHg at calf and 8 ± 2 mmHg at ankle level) in patients with PAD (ankle brachial index ABI > 0.60 < 0.75) and chronic venous insufficiency (C1s–C4 stages of the CEAP classification). Day 15 tolerance was evaluated by a composite primary criteria comprising: no decrease > 15 % of ABI on each side, no decrease > 15 % of toe brachial index (TBI) on each side and no decrease > 25 % of the number of active plantar flexions performed while standing. Results: The proportion of men was 77.8 %, mean age was 77.3 ± 7.5 years and no patient were diabetic. At inclusion, the mean low ABI was 0.60 ± 0.04 and the mean high ABI was 0.77 ± 0.18. The mean low TBI was 0.32 ± 0.09 and the mean high TBI 0.46 ± 0.15. The mean number of active standing plantar flexions was 33.0 ± 5.0. The majority of the patients were classified in CEAP C2s and C3 classes (class 2: 16.7 %, class C2s: 27.8 %, class C3: 44.4 %, class C4: 5.6 % and class C4s: 5.6 %). Poor tolerance occurred in no patient. By day 30, no patient had worsening of their arterial and venous symptoms. No adverse events occurred during the study. Conclusions: These results suggest a high tolerance of progressive elastic stockings (18 ± 2 mmHg at calf and 8 ± 2 mmHg at ankle level) in symptomatic PAD.

Evaluation of the Efficacy of ST2 and NT-proBNP in the Diagnosis and Prediction of Short- Term Prognosis in Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shivananda B Nayak ◽  
Dharindra Sawh ◽  
Brandon Scott ◽  
Vestra Sears ◽  
Kareshma Seebalack ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Ejection Fraction ◽  
Cardiac Biomarkers ◽  
Double Blind Study ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Reduced Ejection Fraction ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Design And Methods ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose: i) To determine the relationship between the cardiac biomarkers ST2 and NT-proBNP with ejection fraction (EF) in heart failure (HF) patients. ii) Assess whether a superiority existed between the aforementioned cardiac markers in diagnosing the HF with reduced EF. iii) Determine the efficacy of both biomarkers in predicting a 30-day cardiovascular event and rehospitalization in patients with HF with reduced EF iv) To assess the influence of age, gender, BMI, anaemia and renal failure on the ST2 and NT-proBNP levels. Design and Methods: A prospective double-blind study was conducted to obtain data from a sample of 64 cardiology patients. A blood sample was collected to test for ST2 and NT-proBNP. An echocardiogram (to obtain EF value), electrocardiogram and questionnaire were also obtained. Results: Of the 64 patients enrolled, 59.4% of the population had an EF less than 40%. At the end of the 30- day period, 7 patients were warded, 37 were not warded, one died and 17 were non respondent. Both biomarkers were efficacious at diagnosing HF with a reduced EF. However, neither of them were efficacious in predicting 30-day rehospitalization. The mean NT-proBNP values being: not rehospitalized (2114.7486) and 30 day rehospitalization (1008.42860) and the mean ST2 values being: not rehospitalized (336.1975), and 30-day rehospitalization. (281.9657). Conclusion: Neither ST2 or NT-proBNP was efficacious in predicting the short- term prognosis in HF with reduced EF. Both however were successful at confirming the diagnosis of HF in HF patients with reduced EF.

scholarly journals Credibility of Digital Political News in Spain: Comparison between Traditional Media and Social Media

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 170
Author(s):  
Reinald Besalú ◽  
Carles Pont-Sorribes
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
News Item ◽  
Digital Television ◽  
Fake News ◽  
Traditional Media ◽  
Political News ◽  
Digital News ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Digital Formats

In the context of the dissemination of fake news and the traditional media outlets’ loss of centrality, the credibility of digital news emerges as a key factor for today’s democracies. The main goal of this paper was to identify the levels of credibility that Spanish citizens assign to political news in the online environment. A national survey (n = 1669) was designed to assess how the news format affected credibility and likelihood of sharing. Four different news formats were assessed, two of them linked to traditional media (digital newspapers and digital television) and two to social media (Facebook and WhatsApp). Four experimental groups assigned a credibility score and a likelihood of sharing score to four different political news items presented in the aforementioned digital formats. The comparison between the mean credibility scores assigned to the same news item presented in different formats showed significant differences among groups, as did the likelihood of sharing the news. News items shown in a traditional media format, especially digital television, were assigned more credibility than news presented in a social media format, and participants were also more likely to share the former, revealing a more cautious attitude towards social media as a source of news.

scholarly journals Short term fluctuating temperature alleviates Daphnia stoichiometric constraints

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Esteban Balseiro ◽  
Cecilia Laspoumaderes ◽  
Facundo Smufer ◽  
Laura Wolinski ◽  
Beatriz Modenutti
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Limitation ◽  
Temperature Fluctuation ◽  
Diel Vertical Migration ◽  
Temperature Treatment ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Fluctuating Temperature ◽  
Rna Content ◽  
Temperature Regimes ◽  
Lake Temperature ◽  
The Mean

AbstractIn this study, we analysed how short term temperature fluctuation interacts with nutrient limitation in the vertical migrating Daphnia commutata. We hypothesize that short term (daily) temperature fluctuation will alleviate nutrient limitation. We carried out experiments analysing growth rates, phosphorus and RNA content of D. commutate grown under four different temperature regimes and two P-limited conditions. Our experiments showed that individuals grown under fluctuating temperature grew more than at the mean temperature. We estimated the expected sizes for the 15 °C treatment based on the Q10 and for the fluctuating temperature treatment. These expected sizes for both treatments resulted well below the observed ones. The P and RNA content of individuals grown at 10 °C were significantly higher than those at 20 °C, and when individuals grown at 10 °C were translocated to 20 °C they exerted an increased growth rate. Our results suggest that, under a regime of diel vertical migration, the temperature alternation would allow migrating organisms to alleviate the effect of severe nutrient limitation maintaining population growth. Under a scenario of global warming, where epilimnetic temperatures will increase, lake temperature will interact with nutrient limitation for consumers, but, organisms may be able to face these changes if they can still regularly move from a cold hypolimnion to a warmer epilimnion.

scholarly journals The Ebb and Flow of Study Abroad: A Comparative Analysis of PRC and International Students in Taiwan

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 5844
Author(s):  
Amy Roberts ◽  
Gregory S. Ching
Keyword(s):  
International Students ◽  
Study Abroad ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Study Abroad Programs ◽  
Term Study ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
Short Term Study ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Cross Tabulation ◽  
Pacific Community

The dialogue about study abroad is a contemporary trend. Since 2011, enrolments from the People’s Republic of China (PRC) have gradually increased and PRC students have now become one of the largest groups of incoming study abroad participants in Taiwan. In this study, investigators explored the characteristics of PRC students in comparison with other international students studying in Taiwan universities. Data were collected from 1870 study abroad students. Data collected include the various study abroad goals, prior study abroad experiences, the Short-term Study Abroad Situational Change Survey, the revised East Asian Acculturation Measures, the Study Abroad Acculturative Hassles, and their overall study abroad satisfaction. Data analyses included computation of the mean, frequency, cross-tabulation of respondents’ responses for identified questions, and various group comparisons. Implications suggest that the characteristics of PRC students are valuable and potentially transformative markers for sustainable cross-strait ties. Study abroad programs in Taiwan are noted as one piece of the emerging discourse for sustainable co-existence between Taiwan and the PRC. As such, PRC study abroad participants along with faculty and students in Taiwan universities have an opportunity to play a role in reshaping future exchanges as well as transforming themselves into stewards of a trans-Pacific community.

Seasonal Changes in the Water Relations of Eucalyptus behriana F. Muell. And E. microcarpa (Maiden) Maiden in the Field

1984 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 495 ◽  
Author(s):  
BA Myers ◽  
TF Neales
Keyword(s):  
Water Potential ◽  
Water Relations ◽  
Rainfall Intensity ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Canopy Conductance ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Short Term ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Type Response ◽  
Vapour Pressure Difference

Field observations of some parameters of the water relations of the two eucalypt species E. behriana and E. microcarpa in dry sclerophyll, mallee and woodland vegetation were made at three sites from 1980 to 1983. The mean ( n = 519) water potential measured at dawn (Ψdawn) was -3.07± 0.01 MPa and fluctuated seasonally with rainfall intensity over the range -2.0 ± 0, 1 to -4.4 ± 0.1 MPa ( n = 30). Both species behaved similarly and some osmotic adjustment took place. Mean leaf conductance (gs) varied between 0.151 ± 0.006 and 0.003 ± 0.001 mol m-2 s-1 . Maximum daily values of gs were linearly related to Ψdawn as it fluctuated seasonally. The slope of this linear regression was not significantly different from that relating these values of gs and Ψ, when both were measured concurrently. There were thus no indications of a distinction between the responses of gs to long- and short-term fluctuations of Ψ or of a threshold-type response of gs to Ψ. Field measurements indicated that gs was decreased at high values of vapour pressure difference (Δe). In laboratory studies with seedlings of the two species gs decreased from 0.5 to 0.1 mol m-2 s-I as Δe increased from 0.5 to 3.0 kPa. Leaf and canopy conductance were the predominant plant determinants of transpiration rate (Er) in this type of vegetation which has the capacity to restrict Et via the effect of water potential (Ψ) on gs and also by the response of gs to Δe. Some of the water relations parameters of E. behriana indicated that this species was better able to withstand drought than was E microcarpa.

The pitfall with PIT tags: marking freshwater bivalves for translocation induces short-term behavioural costs

2011 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 341-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Conor D. Wilson ◽  
Gareth Arnott ◽  
Neil Reid ◽  
Dai Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Short Term ◽  
Pit Tags ◽  
Freshwater Bivalves

Elevations in Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone in Normal Subjects after Receiving Short-Term Lithium Carbonate

1988 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 202-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Merlin V. Nelson ◽  
Vickie Tutag-Lehr ◽  
R. Lee Evans
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Carbonate ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Short Term ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Early Rise ◽  
State Concentration ◽  
Male Subjects ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

Nine normal, healthy male subjects had significantly elevated thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) concentrations while receiving oral lithium carbonate for two weeks. The mean minimum lithium serum concentration was 0.765 mEq/L. The TSH concentrations after 15 days on lithium were significantly correlated to the TSH concentration at baseline. No correlation was found between mean minimum lithium steady-state concentration and TSH concentration after 15 days on lithium. Further research is necessary to determine if a high baseline TSH concentration or an early rise in TSH will predict those patients who will eventually develop hypothyroidism after long-term lithium therapy.

Experience of Health-Related Problems during House Parties in the Netherlands: Nine Years of Experience and Three Million Visitors

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Krul ◽  
Armand R. J. Girbes
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
First Aid ◽  
Years Of Experience ◽  
Medical Support ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Unique Data ◽  
Paramedical Personnel ◽  
Health Related ◽  
The Mean

AbstractObjective:The objective of this study was to report on a nine years of experience of providing medical support during house parties (raves) in the Netherlands, where they can be organized legally.Design:This was a prospective, observational study of self-referred patients from 1997 to 2005. During raves, first aid stations are staffed with specifically trained medical and paramedical personnel. Self-referred patients were diagnosed, treated, and recorded using standardized methods.Results:During a nine-year period with 219 raves occurred, involving approximately three million participants, 23,581 patients visited the first aid stations. The medical usage rate (MUR) varied from 59–170 patients per 10,000 rave participants. The mean age increased from 1997 to 2005 from 18.7 ±2.7 to 23.3 ±5.7 years. The mean stay at the first aid station was 18 ±46 minutes. Most health problems were mild. Fifteen cases of severe incidents were observed with one death.Conclusions:Unique data from the Netherlands demonstrate a low number of serious, health-related, short-term problems during raves.

scholarly journals How big is the influence of biogenic silicon pools on short-term changes in water-soluble silicon in soils? Implications from a study of a 10-year-old soil–plant system

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (22) ◽  
pp. 5239-5252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Puppe ◽  
Axel Höhn ◽  
Danuta Kaczorek ◽  
Manfred Wanner ◽  
Marc Wehrhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Soluble ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Testate Amoeba ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Main Driver ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Calamagrostis Epigejos ◽  
Biogenic Silicon ◽  
Future Work

Abstract. The significance of biogenic silicon (BSi) pools as a key factor for the control of Si fluxes from terrestrial to aquatic ecosystems has been recognized for decades. However, while most research has been focused on phytogenic Si pools, knowledge of other BSi pools is still limited. We hypothesized that different BSi pools influence short-term changes in the water-soluble Si fraction in soils to different extents. To test our hypothesis we took plant (Calamagrostis epigejos, Phragmites australis) and soil samples in an artificial catchment in a post-mining landscape in the state of Brandenburg, Germany. We quantified phytogenic (phytoliths), protistic (diatom frustules and testate amoeba shells) and zoogenic (sponge spicules) Si pools as well as Tiron-extractable and water-soluble Si fractions in soils at the beginning (t0) and after 10 years (t10) of ecosystem development. As expected the results of Tiron extraction showed that there are no consistent changes in the amorphous Si pool at Chicken Creek (Hühnerwasser) as early as after 10 years. In contrast to t0 we found increased water-soluble Si and BSi pools at t10; thus we concluded that BSi pools are the main driver of short-term changes in water-soluble Si. However, because total BSi represents only small proportions of water-soluble Si at t0 (< 2 %) and t10 (2.8–4.3 %) we further concluded that smaller (< 5 µm) and/or fragile phytogenic Si structures have the biggest impact on short-term changes in water-soluble Si. In this context, extracted phytoliths (> 5 µm) only amounted to about 16 % of total Si contents of plant materials of C. epigejos and P. australis at t10; thus about 84 % of small-scale and/or fragile phytogenic Si is not quantified by the used phytolith extraction method. Analyses of small-scale and fragile phytogenic Si structures are urgently needed in future work as they seem to represent the biggest and most reactive Si pool in soils. Thus they are the most important drivers of Si cycling in terrestrial biogeosystems.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document