Standard operating procedures in work of nursing staff as way to prevent infections associated with provision of medical care

In the conditions of modern realities of domestic healthcare, more and more attention is paid to the quality of medical care provided by both doctors and paramedical personnel. In order to minimize risks when performing routine medical procedures, it is necessary to create standard operating procedures that should help medical staff to provide high-quality and timely medical care in real practice. The article offers an answer to frequently asked questions regarding the development of standard operating procedures and an example of a standard operating procedure for the rehabilitation of the tracheobronchial tree and tracheostomy care.

Evaluation Of District Mental Health Programme In The District Of Dharmapuri, Tamil Nadu, India And Evolution Of Mental Health Care Delivery System For Our State

District mental health programme was started in India with the idea of decentralizing mental health care. The plan was to train the general medical officers working in primary health centers so that they can identify and treat psychiatric disorders. After the district mental health programme was started, it is time to review its effects. In Dharmapuri, a district in Tamil Nadu, India, medical officers and paramedical personnel were trained and sensitized to identify psychiatric disorders and a district psychiatrist was posted in the district headquarters hospital, who would conduct psychiatric clinics in headquarters and taluk hospitals. We are evaluating the impact of these in terms of actual benefit to the community. A number of new case registrations, before and after the training of the paramedical personnel, a pattern of referral and the impact of starting the psychiatric clinics in taluk hospitals are all assessed. When the peripheral clinics were started, new case registrations increased by 142% in the taluk hospitals. After the training of the paramedical personnel, there was an increase of new cases in the peripheral clinics from 56 to 70. Based on this experience, a suitable pattern of community mental health care delivery system for our state is evolved, taking into consideration availability of qualified manpower, resources, an expectation of the public and WHO guidelines.

Paramedic’s involvement in treatment and diagnosis of opisthorchiasis in conditions of paramedical and obstetric center

Objective.Since the territory of Surgut and Surgut region is an opisthorchiasis hyperendemic zone and economically attractive for migrants, it is important to focus on the questions connected with early diagnosis and effective preventive activities aimed at increase of paramedics awareness of helminthiasis, especially those working at Paramedical and Obstetric Center. Enhancement of diagnostic and preventive measures, refresher courses for paramedical personnel will optimize paramedics activity and reduce the risk for biohelminthosis infestation among the population living in hyperendemic zone. Enhancement of pandemics activity in case of population infestation with Opisthorchis felineus. Materials and methods. One thousand patients, diagnosed opisthorchiasis were examined: 518 able-bodied women (52 %) and 482 men (48 %) aged 1869. All the patients had a severe form of opisthorchiais. Reliability of results was proved using Fisher and Pearsons correlation criteria. Results. An assumption has been made regarding the existence of similarity between B antigens (III) blood group and opisthorchid antigens. Patients with B (III) and O (I) blood groups are the least resistant to parasitosis in comparison with the persons of other blood groups. The research allowed to distinguish two groups: more vulnerable B (III) and O (I) blood groups and less vulnerable А (II) и АВ (IV) blood groups, the owners of which are infected with helminthiasis more often and rarely, respectively. Conclusions. Epidemic situation regarding opisthorchiasis in Surgut and Surgut region has been unfavorable for the recent several years. It is proved by high infestation of the population during the analyzed period of 20172019, i.e. 142.5 and 147.7 per 100 000 population, respectively. Correlation between blood groups, age and gender characteristics was determined. Analysis of paramedics activity at Paramedical and Obstetric Center showed that blood groups need to be taken into account in diagnosis of opisthorchiasis. The test for estimating risk of opisthorchiasis infestation was prepared.

Workplace Violence Against Prehospital Paramedic Personnel (City and Road) and Factors Related to This Type of Violence in Iran

Medical personnel such as those working in emergency medical systems are in direct contact with the patient or the injured and are exposed to workplace violence. This study aimed to determine workplace violence against prehospital paramedical personnel and factors related to this type of violence in Iran. The cross-sectional study was conducted in 72 prehospital emergency centers affiliated with Kerman University of Medical Sciences in 2019. Using a researcher-made questionnaire, we assessed workplace violence and factors associated with this type of violence in prehospital paramedical personnel with a census method ( N = 308). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics including mean and standard deviation ( SD), frequency, percentage, and analytic statistics, such as the Kolmogorov–Smirnov, ANOVA, t test, and multiple linear regression tests. The results of this study showed that the most frequent types of workplace violence were verbal violence (47%), physical violence (32.50%), cultural violence (16%), and no violence (4.50%), respectively. From the perspective of paramedical personnel, the total mean score of workplace violence was at a moderate level (52.19 ± 10.72). The most important factors affecting workplace violence from the perspective of paramedical personnel were “lack of awareness of people about the duties of emergency medical personnel” and “lack of specialists in prehospital (city or road) bases.” Majority of the paramedical personnel believed that “no reaction and observance of patients and their families’ rights” were the most important types of reactions. They also believed that violence was normal at the workplace and should not be considered in emergency medical services. Results suggest that national and local policies in Iran should provide prehospital paramedical personnel with various training courses about how to decrease the rate of workplace violence, promote public health, and decrease their psychological stresses and occupational burnout.

Implementasi Program Pos Pembinaan Terpadu Penyakit Tidak Menular di Provinsi Jawa Barat Tahun 2015

Abstrak Pos Pembinaan Terpadu Penyakit Tidak Menular (Posbindu PTM) merupakan salah satu bentuk pemberdayaan peran serta masyarakat untuk pengendalian penyakit tidak menular. Saat ini terjadi peningkatan prevalensi penyakit tidak menular di Indonesia. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengidentifikasi implementasi program Posbindu PTM di Provinsi Jawa Barat. Desain penelitian ini adalah potong lintang. Data yang dikumpulkan adalah data kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Data kualitatif diperoleh melalui wawancara mendalam dan focus group discussion. Informan utama berasal dari Dinas Kesehatan, Puskesmas, kader, dan masyarakat. Data kuantitatif didapatkan dari 187 responden yang berkunjung ke Posbindu PTM. Sebagian besar adalah perempuan dan berumur 45 tahun ke atas. Faktor pendukung pelaksanaan program Posbindu PTM adalah adanya pedoman Posbindu PTM, Posbindu kit, kader yang mampu mengidentifikasi faktor risiko PTM, kesiapan tenaga medis dan paramedik dalam penanganan PTM, serta adanya dukungan dari kepala Dinas kesehatan dalam menangani PTM. Sedangkan faktor penghambatnya adalah dana yang terbatas, kurang lengkapnya penyuluhan yang diberikan kader, kurangnya dukungan dari perangkat desa, dan tidak adanya tenaga medis/paramedik. Perlu peningkatan sosialisasi program Posbindu PTM dalam meningkatkan kesadaran terhadap kesehatan, serta dilengkapinya Buku Pedoman Posbindu PTM dan Posbindu kit untuk masing-masing Posbindu PTM. Kata kunci: Posbindu PTM, kader, dana, PTM Abstract Integrated coaching post for non-communicable diseases (Posbindu PTM) is a form of empowering community participation to control non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Currently, there is an increase in the prevalence of NCDs in Indonesia. The aim of this study was to identify the implementation of the Posbindu PTM program in West Java Province. This was a cross sectional study. The data collected was quantitative and qualitative data. Qualitative data were obtained through in-depth interviews and focus group discussions. The informants of the study came from the district health agency, public health centers, cadres and the community. A total of 187 participants visiting Posbindu PTM were interviewed, mostly were women and aged ≥ 45 years. Supporting factors for the implementation of the Posbindu PTM program are the availability of guidelines and Posbindu kit, capability of cadres to identify the risk factors of NCDs, readiness of medical and paramedical personnel in non communicable management and the support from the head of the health department in non communicable management. The inhibiting factors are limited budget, lack of counseling by cadres, lack of support from village officials, and lack of medical/ paramedical personnel. It is necessary to increase the socialization of the Posbindu PTM program in increasing awareness of their health and to complete the guidelines and kits for each Posbindu PTM. Keywords: Posbindu PTM, cadres, funding, PTM