scholarly journals Carbon nanomaterials for supercapacitors: two electrode scheme

2021 ◽  
Vol 340 ◽  
pp. 01035
Author(s):  
Maxim V. Popov ◽  
Alexander G. Bannov ◽  
Stepan I. Yusin
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Carbon Nanofibers ◽  
Carbon Nanomaterials ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Carbon Materials ◽  
Expanded Graphite ◽  
Thermally Expanded Graphite ◽  
Rice Hulls ◽  
Texture Characteristics ◽  
Electrodes For Supercapacitors

In this paper, the electrochemical and texture characteristics of electrode materials made of a number of promising carbon materials for supercapacitors were considered. Carbon nanofibers, thermally expanded graphite, and activated carbon derived from rice hulls were used as electrodes for supercapacitors. The paper presents a technique of synthesis of these electrode materials. A comparison of the capacitive characteristics of the electrodes using two-electrode scheme was carried out.

Preparation and Characterization of Microporous Activated Carbon from Raw Anthracite

2015 ◽  
Vol 814 ◽  
pp. 292-297
Author(s):  
Bo Tao Wang
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industry ◽  
Chemical Stability ◽  
Chemical Industry ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Carbon Materials ◽  
Adsorption Property ◽  
High Specific Surface Area ◽  
High Mechanical Strength

Activated carbon (AC) is a kind of artificial carbon materials with highly developed pore structure and high specific surface area. As sound adsorption materials, the AC shows excellent adsorption property, good chemical stability, high mechanical strength and easy-to-regeneration characteristics, which makes it a widely application in the fields of chemical industry, environmental protection, food and pharmaceutical industry, electrode materials, and so on [1-3].

Water bamboo-derived porous carbons as electrode materials for supercapacitors

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 3859-3864 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiangfeng Li ◽  
Qingsheng Wu
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Carbon Materials ◽  
Porous Carbons ◽  
Rectangular Shape ◽  
Scan Rate ◽  
Excellent Stability

Water bamboo-derived activated carbon materials were synthesized through the activation of KOH. These materials show a rectangular shape at the scan rate of 50 mV s−1. The activated carbon synthesized at a 2 : 1 ratio of KOH shows the most excellent stability in the long-term cycles.

scholarly journals Activated Carbon, Carbon Nanofibers and Carbon-Covered Alumina as Support for W2C in Stearic Acid Hydrodeoxygenation

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Luana Souza Macedo ◽  
Victor Teixeira da Silva ◽  
Johannes Bitter
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Stearic Acid ◽  
Carbon Nanofibers ◽  
Carbon Materials ◽  
Catalyst Support ◽  
Carbon Support ◽  
Product Distribution ◽  
Mesopore Volume ◽  
Catalytic Activities ◽  
Carbon Covered Alumina

Carbon materials play a crucial role in sorbents and heterogeneous catalysis and are widely used as catalyst support for several reactions. This paper reports on an investigation of tungsten carbide (W2C) catalyst on three types of carbon support, namely activated carbon (AC), carbon nanofibers (CNF) and carbon-covered alumina (CCA). We evaluated their activity and selectivity in stearic acid hydrodeoxygenation at 350 °C and 30 bar H2. Although all three W2C catalysts displayed similar intrinsic catalytic activities, the support did influence product distribution. At low conversions (<5%), W2C/AC yielded the highest amount of oxygenates relative to W2C/CNF and W2C/CCA. This suggests that the conversion of oxygenates into hydrocarbons is more difficult over W2C/AC than over W2C/CNF and W2C/CCA, which we relate to the lower acidity and smaller pore size of W2C/AC. The support also had an influence on the C18-unsaturated/C18-saturated ratio. At conversions below 30%, W2C/CNF presented the highest C18-unsaturated/C18-saturated ratio in product distribution, which we attribute to the higher mesopore volume of CNF. However, at higher conversions (>50%), W2C/CCA presented the highest C18-unsaturated/C18-saturated ratio in product distribution, which appears to be linked to W2C/CCA having the highest ratio of acid/metallic sites.

Hierarchical porous nitrogen doping activated carbon with high performance for supercapacitor electrodes

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (19) ◽  
pp. 15320-15326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Zeng ◽  
Qi Cao ◽  
Bo Jing ◽  
Xiuxiang Peng
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Carbon Nanofibers ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Nitrogen Doping ◽  
Carbon Materials ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
Hierarchical Porous ◽  
Composite Carbon ◽  
Subsequent Chemical

Hierarchical porous nitrogen doping activated carbon materials were designed and prepared by carbonization of electrospun composite carbon nanofibers and subsequent chemical activation.

scholarly journals sp2–sp3 Hybrid Porous Carbon Materials Applied for Supercapacitors

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (19) ◽  
pp. 5990
Author(s):  
Ji Su Chae ◽  
Won-seop Kang ◽  
Kwang Chul Roh
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Amorphous Carbon ◽  
Porous Carbon ◽  
Carbon Nanostructures ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Carbon Materials ◽  
High Electron ◽  
Porous Carbon Materials ◽  
Spherical Carbon ◽  
Synthesis Strategy

Carbon materials have gained considerable attention in recent years due to their superior properties. Activated carbon has been used in supercapacitors due to its density and rapid adsorption capability. The sp2–sp3 hybrid porous carbon materials are synthesized using herringbone-type carbon nanofibers (CNFs) and carbonized spherical phenol resins, with KOH as the activating agent. The morphology of the hybrid porous carbon facilitates the formation of ribbon-like nanosheets from highly activated CNFs wrapped around spherical resin-based activated carbon. The etching and separation of the CNFs produce a thin ribbon-like nanosheet structure; these CNFs simultaneously form new bonds with activated carbon, forming the sp2–sp3 hybrid porous structure. The relatively poor electrical conductivity of amorphous carbon is improved by the 3D conductive network that interconnects the CNF and amorphous carbon without requiring additional conductive material. The composite electrode has high electron conductivity and a large surface area with a specific capacitance of 120 F g−1. Thus, the strategy substantially simplifies the hybrid materials of sp2-hybridized CNFs and sp3-hybridized amorphous spherical carbon and significantly improves the comprehensive electrochemical performance of supercapacitors. The developed synthesis strategy provides important insights into the design and fabrication of carbon nanostructures that can be potentially applied as electrode materials for supercapacitors.

scholarly journals Polyamide self-lubricating composites filled with thermolysis products of lignin: composition, structure, properties

2021 ◽  
Vol 2131 (4) ◽  
pp. 042020
Author(s):  
M Serbinovskiy ◽  
O Popova ◽  
T Finochenko ◽  
A Serbinovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Friction Factor ◽  
Carbon Materials ◽  
Microstructural Analysis ◽  
Expanded Graphite ◽  
Thermally Expanded Graphite ◽  
Carbon Additives ◽  
Hydrolytic Lignin ◽  
Composition Structure ◽  
Antifriction Composites

Abstract Compositions of antifriction composites with a polyamide matrix filled with carbon additives obtained by modifying hydrolytic lignin (graphite from lignin, graphite bisulfate from lignin, thermally expanded graphite from lignin) have been developed. Powders of carbon materials were impregnated with cylinder oil before being added to the polyamide matrix. The tribotechnical characteristics of filled polyamide composites, their microstructure and water absorption kinetics have been investigated. It was found that the lowest values of the friction factor are observed in composites filled with thermally expanded graphite from lignin. The friction factor for such composites is 1.5-2 times less than the indicators obtained for currently used graphites. Thus, at specific loads of 0.67 and 2.33 MPa, the friction factor was 0.065 and 0.064, respectively. The investigated antifriction composites have low water absorption compared to pure polyamide. The maximum water absorption (2.2%) in the series of the studied composites had the samples filled with graphite from lignin with an oil content of 9%. According to the data of microstructural analysis, the structure of composites with additives of carbon materials from lignin is homogeneous. The components, including the oil plasticizer, are evenly distributed, the bulk of the oil is localized in the interlayer spaces. The elemental composition of the composites indicates the high chemical purity of the composites. Antifriction composites with the proposed additives are recommended for use in friction units operating in an aqueous mediumor an environment with high humidity.

scholarly journals Carbon Nanoparticles as Sources for a Cost-Effective Water Purification Method: A Comprehensive Review

Fluids ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 230
Author(s):  
Ankit Kotia ◽  
Aman Yadav ◽  
Tata Rohit Raj ◽  
Maria Gertrud Keischgens ◽  
Happy Rathore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Water Purification ◽  
Carbon Nanomaterials ◽  
Carbon Materials ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Present Review ◽  
Purification Method ◽  
Purification Methods

As the global population grows, the demand for cost-effective and eco-friendly water purification methods is increasing, which presently is at its peak due to the increase of impurities in water and the increasing awareness of waterborne disease. Carbon-based materials, which includes activated carbon, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), graphene, graphene oxide (GO), reduced graphene oxide (rGO), fullerene, and carbon dots, are observed as potential candidates for water treatment. In the present review, developments related to water purification methods using carbon nanomaterials over the last decade are critically summarized, with an emphasis on their thermophysical properties. The fabrication techniques for activated carbon, CNTs, graphene, and graphene oxide are presented, with an emphasis on the properties of carbon materials that allow their usage for water purification. Then, an extensive review of 71 patents dedicated to water purification using carbon materials such as activated carbon and cotton fibers is performed. Subsequently, the more important research studies on water purification using carbon nanomaterials are discussed, showing that CNTs, GO, and rGO are widely used in water treatment processes. The present review critically discusses the recent developments and provides important information on water purification using carbon materials.

Morphology and structure characteristics of nanoscale carbon materials containing graphene

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 247-255
Author(s):  
Evgeny K. Belonogov ◽  
Sergey B. Kushev ◽  
Sergey A. Soldatenko ◽  
Tatiana L. Turaeva
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Carbon Materials ◽  
Expanded Graphite ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Mutual Orientation ◽  
Graphene Sheets ◽  
Multilayer Graphene ◽  
Thermally Expanded Graphite ◽  
Graphite Phase ◽  
X Ray

A comprehensive study of the nanostructured powders (graphite GSM-2; Taunit-M; thermally expanded graphite (TEG)) by methods of transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED), Raman spectroscopy, was carried out. The experimental XRD halo was interpreted by superimposing theoretical diffraction maxima, and an X-ray amorphous graphite phase was revealed. It was found that the X-ray amorphous phase is characterized by the limiting degree of graphite nanostructuring. From the width of the diffraction rings, the maximum sizes of graphite nanocrystals were estimated, which do not exceed 5 and 10 nm in the [0001] and [ ] directions, respectively. Carbon nanotubes and plates of turbostratic graphene were revealed. The structural and morphological parameters of the nanostructured material “Taunit-M” have been established – multi-walled nanotubes with a diameter of up to 10 nm are combined through an interlayer of X-ray amorphous carbon into flat ribbons up to 40 nm wide. Dark-field TEM images (in reflections of ) revealed moiré patterns that appear on overlapping graphene sheets due to double diffraction of the electron beam. It was found that in thermally expanded graphite, the rotation of graphene sheets ranges from 3 to 4°. Within the graphene sheets, complete dislocations with the Burgers vector b = 1/2 were revealed [1010]. The Fourier analysis of moiré images made it possible to determine the mutual orientation of graphene sheets, to reveal regions of multilayer graphene, and to identify turbostratic graphene. It is shown that the combination of RHEED, TEM, and Fourier transformations of periodic contrast of electron microscopic images is a promising approach to the analysis of the substructure and morphology of nanoscale carbon materials containing graphene and other allotropic modifications of carbon.

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