scholarly journals The Specifics of Calculating the Efficiency of the Continuously Variable Mechanical Transmission with Oscillatory Movement of Internal Links and Force Function Control

2021 ◽  
Vol 346 ◽  
pp. 03061
Author(s):  
Andrey Yurkevich ◽  
Larisa Yurkevich
Keyword(s):  
Energy Dissipation ◽  
Potential Energy ◽  
Energy Flow ◽  
Transmission Efficiency ◽  
Free Play ◽  
Force Function ◽  
Mechanical Transmission ◽  
Oscillatory Movement ◽  
Motor Hysteresis ◽  
Kinematic Efficiency

The paper discusses the energy flow in the continuously variable mechanical transmission with oscillatory movement of internal links and force function control. It is proposed to treat the potential energy of the twisted torsion bars, which is transferred back to the drive shaft, as useful. The formula for calculating the transmission efficiency, taking into account the return of energy flow back to the motor, hysteresis losses, and energy dissipation in the mechanical rectifier while taking up the free play, is given. When calculating the efficiency of the continuously variable mechanical transmission, it is suggested to take into consideration the clearances in the rectifier and kinematic pairs using ‘kinematic efficiency’. The examples of measured and calculated transmission efficiency in the ‘stop’ mode are given.

scholarly journals Relative Susceptibility Among Alternative Host Species Prevalent in the Great Plains to Wheat streak mosaic virus

Plant Disease ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 96 (8) ◽  
pp. 1185-1192 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Ito ◽  
Z. Miller ◽  
F. Menalled ◽  
M. Moffet ◽  
M. Burrows
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Great Plains ◽  
Transmission Efficiency ◽  
Wheat Streak Mosaic Virus ◽  
Viral Reservoir ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Mechanical Transmission ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Jointed Goatgrass

Wild grasses, crops, and grassy weeds are known to host Wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV) and its vector, the wheat curl mite (WCM). Their relative importance as a source of WSMV was evaluated. A survey of small-grain fields throughout Montana was conducted between 2008 and 2009. Cheatgrass was the most prevalent grassy weed and the most frequent viral host, with 6% infection by WSMV in 2008 (n = 125) and 15% in 2009 (n = 358). By mechanically inoculating plants with WSMV in the greenhouse, the highest susceptibility was found in rye brome (52.1%), jointed goatgrass (80.9%), and wild oat (53.9%. Quackgrass, not previously reported as a host, was susceptible to WSMV (12.7%). Mite transmission efficiency from susceptible grass species was lower than from wheat, and grass species must be a host for both WSMV and the WCM to serve as a virus source. WCM transmission was more efficient than mechanical transmission. Overall, results indicate that grass species can serve as a viral reservoir, regional variation in a weed species' susceptibility to WSMV cannot explain geographic variation in epidemic intensity, and crop species and closely related weeds (e.g., jointed goatgrass) remain the best reservoirs for both WSMV and the WCM.

Mechanical Analysis of Vibrating-Beam Resonantor Accelerometer

2013 ◽  
Vol 645 ◽  
pp. 373-376
Author(s):  
Yu Bin Jia
Keyword(s):  
Potential Energy ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Force Function ◽  
Mechanical Parameters ◽  
Single Degree ◽  
Nonlinear Factor ◽  
Axial Acceleration ◽  
Beam Type ◽  
Set Up

Based on the change of the length for the vibrating-beam, the potential energy stored in the system and the force function are presented. Then the sensor parameters and nonlinear factor are defined and calculated. From this, the mechanical parameters of the vibrating beam can be modeled, and the formulae of the frequency is derived as the function of the external axial acceleration and amplitude, and the mode of a single-degree elastic oscillator is set up. These results are the theoretical bases of developing the vibrating-beam-type accelerometer.

scholarly journals Factors Affecting Mechanical Transmission of Tomato spotted wilt virus to Peanut (Arachis hypogaea)

Plant Disease ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 85 (12) ◽  
pp. 1259-1263 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Mandal ◽  
H. R. Pappu ◽  
A. K. Culbreath
Keyword(s):  
Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus ◽  
Transmission Rate ◽  
Transmission Efficiency ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Mechanical Transmission ◽  
Transmission Protocol ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Tomato Spotted Wilt ◽  
Wilt Virus ◽  
Different Sources

Evaluation of peanut germ plasm for Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) resistance has been slowed by the difficulty in achieving a high rate of mechanical transmission of the virus to peanut. In this study, improvements were made and a highly efficient mechanical transmission protocol was developed. Several factors that affect the transmission efficiency were identified. Use of two antioxidants (sodium sulfite and mercaptoethanol) and two abrasives (Celite and Carborundum) and application of the inoculum by rubbing with a cotton swab dipped in the inoculum as well as pricking with an inoculation needle resulted in a significantly higher transmission rate. The most susceptible growth stage of peanut to TSWV inoculation was 2 to 3 days after germination (6 to 7 days after planting). The inoculation protocol consistently resulted in a higher percentage of infected plants from different sources of inoculum such as infected peanut, tobacco, and tomato.

scholarly journals Loader power-split transmission system based on a planetary gear set

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 168781401774773 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang Lyu ◽  
Zhao Yanqing ◽  
Lyu Meng
Keyword(s):  
Output Power ◽  
Fuel Economy ◽  
Power Transmission ◽  
Planetary Gear ◽  
Torque Converter ◽  
Transmission Efficiency ◽  
Transmission System ◽  
Mechanical Transmission ◽  
Power Split ◽  
Hydraulic Torque Converter

In hydraulic mechanical transmission loaders, a hydraulic torque converter can prevent an engine from stalling due to overloading of the loader during the spading process; however, the hydraulic torque converter also reduces the loader’s fuel economy because of its low transmission efficiency. To address this issue, the study designs an output-power-split transmission system that is applied to a hybrid loader. The designed transmission system removes the hydraulic torque converter in the power transmission system of a traditional loader and adopts a planetary gear set with a compact structure as the dynamic coupling element, thus allowing the output power of the loader to be split transmitted. During shoveling, the loader power-split transmission system based on a planetary gear set can prevent the motor from plugging and over-burning under conditions that ensure that the traction does not decrease. In addition, the transmission efficiency and loader fuel economy are higher in the proposed transmission system than in the power transmission system of a traditional loader. The test results show that the transmission efficiency of the designed system was 13.2% higher than that of the traditional hydraulic mechanical transmission loader.

Design of Walking Stepless Speed System for Caterpillar Feeding Combined Harvester

2014 ◽  
Vol 697 ◽  
pp. 194-197
Author(s):  
Xi Yin Lou
Keyword(s):  
Simple Structure ◽  
Planetary Gear ◽  
Transmission Efficiency ◽  
Mechanical Transmission ◽  
Hydraulic Machinery ◽  
Speed Range ◽  
Optimizing Design ◽  
Speed Change ◽  
Differential Steering ◽  
Wide Speed Range

Hydro mechanical stepless speed system is a new conbination system of hydraulic transmission and mechanical transmission, which realizes the stepless speed change through the hydraulic transmission and the mechanical transmission to reduce the speed and torque, and to improve transmission efficiency; through optimizing design, The system can realize the differential steering, increase ground clearance. In this paper, the caterpillar feeding combined harvester is the object, the system is composed by the motor, a variable pump single stage planetary gear, hydraulic machinery stepless speed walking system is of wide speed range, simple structure.

scholarly journals To the Construction of the Amplitude Dependence of Internal Friction with Vibrations of Porous Metal Composites

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-48
Author(s):  
I. C. Arkhipov ◽  
V. I. Abramova ◽  
A. E. Gvozdev ◽  
E. V. Ageev ◽  
S. N. Kutepov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Dissipation ◽  
Internal Friction ◽  
Potential Energy ◽  
Porous Metal ◽  
Theory Of Elasticity ◽  
High Dispersion ◽  
Amplitude Dependence ◽  
Bending Vibrations ◽  
Metal Composites ◽  
Total Potential

Purpose of research was to plot the amplitude dependence of the decrement of longitudinal and bending vibrations of samples of porous metal composites manufactured using 3D technology.Methods. The main attention is paid to the role of microplasticity in the scattering of the vibration energy, since the decrement value in composite will be greater than in monolithic material. The effect of porosity on the level of energy dissipation is taken into account. We have used a statistical model based on the results of the theory of functionals given on random processes.Results. This made it possible to find the concentration of microplastic zones in the composite during longitudinal and bending vibrations of the sample. The value of the vibration decrement is defined as the ratio of the potential energy of plastic deformations to the total potential energy of the entire sample. To calculate the effective moduli in the composite, the well-known technique of the theory of elasticity of micro-inhomogeneous media is used. The results obtained indicate that porosity significantly affects the concentration of microplastic zones and the scattering of internal friction during longitudinal and bending vibrations. However, it should be noted that at low amplitudes, microplastic regions are not formed in the vicinity of the pores. Therefore, the reasons for the appearance of energy dissipation are not explained only by microplasticity. The source of such losses are dislocation, ferromagnetic and other reasons. However, the level of these losses is much less than that indicated in this work, and depends only on the oscillation frequency.Conclusion. The results obtained can be used to establish the patterns of behavior of various natures of ingot, powder and composite materials with high dispersion in phase and structural components in various conditions and states.

scholarly journals To study impact level of dominat parameters and propose estimate methodology for wave transmission efficiency of unconventional complex pile submerged breakwater

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 611-625
Author(s):  
Nguyen Anh Tien
Keyword(s):  
Energy Dissipation ◽  
Wave Energy ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Transmission Efficiency ◽  
Wave Transmission ◽  
Random Wave ◽  
Submerged Breakwater ◽  
Dissipation Process ◽  
Wave Energy Dissipation ◽  
Major Factors

This article proposes semi-empirical equations to estimate wave transmission coefficient through submerged complex with solid pile breakwater based on theories of random wave energy conservation of perpendicular wave transmission incorporated with physical hydraulic experiments in wave flume applied on both types of submerged breakwater with and without piles. These equations are able to describe interactions and energy dissipation process for each element of this complex structure which are foundation block and pile rows. Energy dissipation process depends on three major factors which are [relative submerge depth (Rc/Hm0), relative crest width (B/Hm0), wave slope at construction location (sm=Hm0/Lm)] and wave energy dissipation process through pile rows is determined by two major factors [relative submerged depth or submerged length of piles (Rc/Hm0), relative pile row width (Xb/Lm)].

Research on Mechanical Gearbox Transmission Efficiency Test

2013 ◽  
Vol 401-403 ◽  
pp. 235-238
Author(s):  
Jing Tong ◽  
Jin Jun Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Data Processing ◽  
Transmission Efficiency ◽  
Paper Analysis ◽  
Efficiency Measurement ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Mechanical Transmission ◽  
Effect Factors ◽  
Design And Manufacturing ◽  
Efficiency Test ◽  
Actual Test

Automobile gearbox transmission efficiency is an important parameter which can directly reflect the gearbox design and manufacturing level . This paper analysis detailed the effect factors on measurement, test method, and data processing for transmission efficiency of automobile gearbox, summed up the actual test experience whereby the mechanical transmission efficiency measurement , plays a reference and guidance role on improving test precision.

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