scholarly journals On the estimation of maximum surface temperature for cells

2022 ◽  
Vol 354 ◽  
pp. 00040
Author(s):  
Marius Darie ◽  
Tiberiu Csaszar ◽  
Adriana Andriș ◽  
Ioana Ciobanu
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Resistance ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Internal Resistance ◽  
Cell System ◽  
Technical Equipment ◽  
Maximum Surface ◽  
Short Circuit Test ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Maximum Surface Temperature

In paperwork is presented the estimation of the maximum surface temperature of cells exposed to specific tests for the intrinsic safety type of protection. Particularly, it presents the thermal resistance of the short-circuit test-stand results. The first part introduces the aspects regarding the risk of explosion. The risk of explosion occurs due to the presence of technical equipment in areas where flammable substances may occur. The second part itemizes the requirements for the testing of cells. Also, is introduced the stand configuration and performance aspects. The third part of the paper has been dedicated to the presentation and the discussion of the obtained results. The analysis of the test results highlighted the range of thermal resistance. This result could help estimation of the surface temperature of cells based on their capacity and internal resistance. The convection coefficients were determined. The process of deep discharge destroys the inner electrochemical of the cell system. Therefore, it permits energy recovery lower than a fraction of a tenth.

FACTORS INFLUENCING THE DETERMINATION OF MAXIMUM SURFACE TEMPERATURE FOR EXPLOSION-PROOF LUMINAIRES

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 1309-1316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucian Moldovan ◽  
Sorin Burian ◽  
Mihai Magyari ◽  
Marius Darie ◽  
Dragos Fotau
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Maximum Surface ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Maximum Surface Temperature

Thermal Non-Newtonian Elastohydrodynamic Lubrication of Line Contacts Under Simple Sliding Conditions

1992 ◽  
Vol 114 (2) ◽  
pp. 317-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shao Wang ◽  
T. F. Conry ◽  
C. Cusano
Keyword(s):  
Film Thickness ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Thermal Effects ◽  
Elastohydrodynamic Lubrication ◽  
Reduction Factor ◽  
Simple Formulation ◽  
Maximum Surface ◽  
Line Contacts ◽  
Traction Coefficient ◽  
Maximum Surface Temperature

A computationally simple formulation for the stationary surface temperature is developed to examine the thermal non-Newtonian EHD problem for line contacts under simple sliding conditions. Numerical results obtained are used to develop a formula for a thermal and non-Newtonian (Ree-Eyring) film thickness reduction factor. Results for the maximum surface temperature and traction coefficient are also presented. The thermal effects on film thickness and traction are found to be more pronounced for simple sliding than for combined sliding and rolling conditions.

scholarly journals Determining the maximum surface temperature for non-electrical equipment aiming at explosion prevention at protection

2020 ◽  
Vol 305 ◽  
pp. 00026
Author(s):  
Adrian Marius Jurca ◽  
Niculina Vătavu ◽  
Leonard Lupu ◽  
Mihai Popa
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Hazard Assessment ◽  
Electrical Equipment ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Laboratory Research ◽  
Safety Level ◽  
Protective Measures ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Maximum Surface ◽  
Maximum Surface Temperature

Non-electrical equipment has been used for over 150 years in industries with potentially explosive atmospheres and great experience has been gained with regard to the application of protective measures to reduce the risk of ignition down to an acceptable safety level. The use of non-electrical equipment in explosive atmospheres required the development of specific requirements with regard to the concept of protection against the ignition of explosive atmospheres, which to clearly define protection measures and to include the experience gained and extended over the years. The practical studies, laboratory research and methods for assessing and testing the hazard of ignition by hot surfaces presented within the paper have as main purpose the improvement of ignition hazard assessment in different operating conditions.

Temperature Rise at the Sliding Contact Interface for a Coated Semi-Infinite Body

1993 ◽  
Vol 115 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. Tian ◽  
F. E. Kennedy
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Temperature Rise ◽  
Peclet Number ◽  
Integral Transform ◽  
Sliding Contact ◽  
Contact Interface ◽  
Péclet Number ◽  
Maximum Surface ◽  
Semi Empirical ◽  
Maximum Surface Temperature

In this paper, a three-dimensional model of a semi-infinite layered body is used to predict steady-state maximum surface temperature rise at the sliding contact interface for the entire range of Peclet number. A set of semi-empirical solutions for maximum surface temperature problems of sliding layered bodies is obtained by using integral transform, finite element, heuristic and multivariable regression techniques. Two dimensionless parameters, A and Dp, which relate to coating thickness, contact size, sliding speed and thermal properties of both coating and substrate materials, are found to be the critical factors determining the effect of surface film on the surface temperature rise at a sliding contact interface. A semi-empirical solution for maximum surface temperature problems of homogeneous bodies, which covers the whole range of Peclet number, is also obtained.

Design, Construction and Performance Evaluation of a Low Cost Electric Arc Welding Machine

2009 ◽  
Vol 62-64 ◽  
pp. 135-140
Author(s):  
S.O. Igbinovia ◽  
M.C. Onuoha ◽  
O.K. Olaogun
Keyword(s):  
Arc Welding ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Electric Arc ◽  
Load Test ◽  
Welding Machine ◽  
Short Circuit Test ◽  
Operating Current ◽  
Electric Arc Welding ◽  
And Performance

Apart from woodwork, brickwork, all other formworks are of metalwork. Thus engineering devices, equipment, machineries and infrastructures are made possible with the use of welding machines, be it carbide or arc – welding type. In Nigeria, where the cost of imported goods rises astronomically in accordance with the foreign exchange rates, the need to fabricate this very important equipment became of important necessity. In this paper, a single-phase 6KVA, 240VAC/30-70 VDC electric arc welding machine was designed and constructed using locally available materials. The different operating current required, arcing time, the heat generated by the arc, the minimum arc gap, the fluxite coated electrode, oxidation of the molten materials by the surrounding air where some of the designed parameters that determined the auto-transformer specific magnetic loading and specific electric loading. Cooling medium, integral switch, the rectifier circuits and the tanking of the transformer designed determined the equipment production. The locally fabricated AC/DC air cooled electric arc welding machine capable of withstanding 200A, when subjected to insulation resistance test, no – load test, short circuit test and on-load test to ascertain its performance characteristics were very satisfactory.

A METHOD FOR MEASURING DISH TEMPERATURE IN COMMERCIAL DISHWASHERS

1969 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Scalzo ◽  
R. W. Dickerson ◽  
R. B. Read
Keyword(s):  
Critical Temperature ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Temperature Measurements ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Maximum Surface ◽  
Maximum Surface Temperature

Paper thermometers that change, irreversibly, from white to black at a critical temperature were evaluated for measuring maximum surface temperature of dishes during commercial dishwashing in a single-tank, conveyor-type unit. A thermocouple, taped to a dish, was used to determine the maximum temperature attained at the surface of the dishes and this result was compared with a measurement obtained from a paper thermometer affixed to the dish. Temperature measurements by the two methods were within the 10 F span of the paper thermometer. Paper thermometers were found satisfactory for measuring the maximum temperature of the dish surface during dishwashing and also appear useful for routine checking of dishwasher performance.

Comparison of the Ablation Mechanism of C/C-SiC Composite under Atmospheric and Low Pressure

2014 ◽  
Vol 91 ◽  
pp. 134-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberson J. Silva ◽  
Homero S. Maciel ◽  
Alexei M. Essiptchouk ◽  
Gilberto Petraconi
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Oxygen Partial Pressure ◽  
Partial Pressure ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Thermal Protection ◽  
Sample Surface ◽  
Low Pressure ◽  
Protective Oxide ◽  
Maximum Surface ◽  
Maximum Surface Temperature

Comparisons of heating tests at atmospheric pressure and low pressure by using a thermal plasma torch were performed. A constant heat flux on the sample surface was applied in the study of the oxidation mechanism of C/C-SiC composite, used in thermal protection systems. The SEM and EDS analysis show an intensive glassification at the surface, which are strongly depend on the oxygen partial pressure and the sample surface temperature. For vacuum conditions, at maximum surface temperature of 1450 °C and the oxygen partial pressure of about 66 Pa, a uniform passivation layer of SiO2 is formed. At atmospheric pressure, under an oxygen partial pressure of 2.1×104 Pa, the maximum surface temperature is 400 °C higher than obtained in vacuum, reaching levels of 1850°C. Under these conditions, the protective oxide layer is partially volatilized with time, increasing the specific mass loss rate by a sublimation of the composite, directly exposed to the plasma jet. This effect is alike to what occurs in the process of transition from passive to active oxidation of SiC.

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