scholarly journals Incorporation of capric acid in pumpkin seed oil by sn-1,3 regioselective lipase-catalyzed acidolysis

OCL ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. A302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa Sousa ◽  
Vitor Campos ◽  
Patrícia Nunes ◽  
Paula Pires-Cabral
Keyword(s):  
Seed Oil ◽  
Immobilized Lipase ◽  
Structured Lipids ◽  
Capric Acid ◽  
Solvent Free ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Lipozyme Tl Im ◽  
Fixed Amount ◽  
Pumpkin Seed ◽  
Pumpkin Seed Oil

Structured lipids (SLs) are novel triacylglycerols obtained by changing the native fatty acid (FA) profiles or by the incorporation of a new desired FA in the acylglycerol backbone. These modified fats present important medical and functional properties for food applications. This work aimed to synthetize a MLM-type SL, which consists of triacylglycerols containing a medium-chain FA (M) at sn-1,3 positions and a long-chain FA (L) at sn-2 position, by acidolysis of pumpkin seed oil with capric acid, catalyzed by a commercial lipase preparation from Thermomyces lanuginosa (Lipozyme TL IM). Reactions were performed at 45 °C, in solvent-free media, at 1:2 molar ratio (pumpkin seed oil:capric acid) and a fixed amount of immobilized lipase of 5%, 10%, 15% or 20%. Incorporations of C10:0 increased with time up to 31 h (29.9 ± 0.7 mol-%) when 5% lipase load was used. Significant differences were only observed between the results obtained with 5 and 20% of biocatalyst load. The subsequent experiment was carried out with 5% lipase load, at 45 °C, 1:2 molar ratio and in the presence of n-hexane. The results showed slightly higher incorporation yields in the presence of solvent, namely at 48 h-reaction (34.7 ± 1.0 mol-%). However, since the structured lipids are to be used in food products, together with environmental and economic concerns, solvent-free systems are preferred. In this study, the synthesis of a MLM-type SL from pumpkin seed oil for food uses was well succeeded.

scholarly journals Physicochemical Characterization and Evaluation of Emulsions Containing Chemically Modified Fats and Different Hydrocolloids

Biomolecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Kowalska ◽  
Magdalena Woźniak ◽  
Anna Żbikowska ◽  
Mariola Kozłowska
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Structured Lipids ◽  
Physicochemical Characterization ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Fatty Acids Composition ◽  
Pumpkin Seed ◽  
Nonpolar Fraction ◽  
Pumpkin Seed Oil

The study aims to investigate the physicochemical properties and stability of the dispersion systems containing structured fats as a fatty base. In this work, calf tallow and pumpkin seed oil blends were chemically interesterified at various ratios (9:1, 3:1, 3:2, 3:3, 2:3, and 1:3) to produce structured lipids. Fatty acids composition, polar and nonpolar fraction content, and acid value were determined for the raw fats and interesterified blends. Afterwards, selected blends were applied in emulsion systems. Stability, microstructure, color and texture of emulsions were evaluated. The chemical interesterification had an effect on the modified blends properties, and caused an increase in polar fraction content and acid value, and a decrease in nonpolar fraction content. No effect on the fatty acids composition has been found. The evaluation of the prepared emulsions results allowed us to select two of the most stable and favorable samples—both containing chemically interesterified calf tallow and a pumpkin seed oil blend in a ratio of 1:3 as a fatty base, and xanthan gum or carboxymethylcellulose as a thickener. The obtained dispersions, containing fatty bases with improved physicochemical properties and desirable functionality, can be applied as food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical emulsions.

The antioxidant effects of pumpkin seed oil on subacute aflatoxin poisoning in mice

2011 ◽  
Vol 28 (12) ◽  
pp. 681-688 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gökhan Eraslan ◽  
Murat Kanbur ◽  
Öznur Aslan ◽  
Mürsel Karabacak
Keyword(s):  
Seed Oil ◽  
Pumpkin Seed ◽  
Pumpkin Seed Oil ◽  
Antioxidant Effects

scholarly journals Simplified Method to Optimize Enzymatic Esters Syntheses in Solvent-Free Systems: Validation Using Literature and Experimental Data

Catalysts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1357
Author(s):  
Ronaldo Rodrigues de Sousa ◽  
Ayla Sant’Ana da Silva ◽  
Roberto Fernandez-Lafuente ◽  
Viridiana Santana Ferreira-Leitão
Keyword(s):  
Immobilized Lipase ◽  
Solvent Free ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Mathematical Tool ◽  
Enzymatic Esterification ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Reaction Behavior ◽  
Optimum Reaction ◽  
Interesting Correlation ◽  
Using Data

The adoption of biocatalysis in solvent-free systems is an alternative to establish a greener esters production. An interesting correlation between the acid:alcohol molar ratio and biocatalyst (immobilized lipase) loading in the optimization of ester syntheses in solvent-free systems had been observed and explored. A simple mathematical tool named Substrate-Enzyme Relation (SER) has been developed, indicating a range of reaction conditions that resulted in high conversions. Here, SER utility has been validated using data from the literature and experimental assays, totalizing 39 different examples of solvent-free enzymatic esterifications. We found a good correlation between the SER trends and reaction conditions that promoted high conversions on the syntheses of short, mid, or long-chain esters. Moreover, the predictions obtained with SER are coherent with thermodynamic and kinetics aspects of enzymatic esterification in solvent-free systems. SER is an easy-to-handle tool to predict the reaction behavior, allowing obtaining optimum reaction conditions with a reduced number of experiments, including the adoption of reduced biocatalysts loadings.

scholarly journals Determination of sesame oil, rice bran oil and pumpkin seed oil in ternary mixtures using FTIR spectroscopy and multivariate calibrations

Food Research ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irnawati ◽  
S. Riyanto ◽  
S. Martono ◽  
Abdul Rohman
Keyword(s):  
Root Mean Square Error ◽  
Rice Bran ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Rice Bran Oil ◽  
Sesame Oil ◽  
Ftir Spectra ◽  
Ternary Mixtures ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Pumpkin Seed ◽  
Pumpkin Seed Oil

Pumpkin seed oil (PSO), rice bran oil (RBO), sesame oil (SEO) are considered as functional oils due to its biological activities which are beneficial to human health, as a consequence, these oils had the higher price. This attracted unethical players to blend these oils with lower price oils, therefore, its authentication by analysis of purity levels of oils is very important. This study highlighted the potential application of FTIR spectroscopy and multivariate calibrations for analysis of PSO, RBO, and SEO in ternary mixtures. Individual FTIR spectra of studied oils as well as in ternary mixtures with certain compositions were scanned and pre-processed. Two multivariate calibrations of principle component regression (PCR) and partial least square regression (PLSR) were compared and used to build the prediction models at optimized FTIR spectra regions. The selection of multivariate calibrations, wavenumbers region, and FTIR spectra modes was based on the statistical parameters of highest R2 and lowest values of root mean square error of calibration (RMSEC) and root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP). The results showed that PLSR using second derivative FTIR spectra at wavenumbers region of 3100-2750 and 1500-663 cm-1 was used to predict the levels of PSO in ternary mixtures with RBO and SEO with R2 > 0.99 in calibration and validation models along with RMSEC value of 0.0054% and RMSEP of 0.0179%. FTIR spectra using the second and first derivatives at wavenumbers of 3100-650 cm-1 were used for prediction of RBO and SEO in ternary mixture with PSO, respectively. It can be concluded that FTIR spectra combined with PLSR at certain wavenumbers region are accurate as indicated by high R2 values and precise as indicated by low values of RMSEC and RMSEP for analysis of PSO, RBO and SEO in ternary mixtures.

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