scholarly journals Category Features of Toast as Small Speech Genre

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
pp. 01019
Author(s):  
Nadezhda M. Loktionova ◽  
Svetlana A. Kruglova ◽  
Olesya A. Drozdova ◽  
Irina A. Zhyvotkova ◽  
Olga Y. Potanina

Toasts logically fit into modern cultural space, including folklore. Folklore as a field of artistic creativity is widely spread in a variety of forms and types in modern reality. This phenomenon is dynamic, evolving, and quickly transformable; within humanitarian knowledge it interacts with such concise concepts as post-folklore, subculture; it reflects quality changes of public and everyday life of our era. Conceptually, the subject field of urban folklore is fairly well understood and even developed despite its specifics and complexity.

2021 ◽  
Vol 273 ◽  
pp. 11019
Author(s):  
Svetlana Kruglova ◽  
Irina Zubkova ◽  
Irina Kuzminova ◽  
Irina Zhivotkova

Toasts logically fit into the modern cultural space, which includes a certain layer of it – folklore. Folklore studies as a field of artistic creativity actively exists in a variety of forms and forms in modern reality. This phenomenon is dynamic, actively developing, rapidly transforming; it interacts in the humanities with such capacious concepts as post-folklore, subculture; it reflects the qualitative changes in social and everyday life that are characteristic of our era. Conceptually, the subject field of urban folklore is relatively clear and to some extent, we can say, mastered, despite its specificity and versatility.


2021 ◽  
pp. 15-19
Author(s):  
V. G. Napadysta

The article discusses the logic of structuring and content of the discipline "Culture of Everyday Life", due to the complexity and versatility of the phenomenon of everyday life and interdisciplinarity of methodological optics of its research, the variety of theoretical tools, which, in turn, determines the ambiguity of views on the very essence of the phenomenon of everyday life and its components. The analysis of educational programs on "Culture of Everyday Life", that are among the elements of educational-professional and educational-scientific training programs on "Culturology" in higher education institutions in Ukraine, demonstrated the wide variability of their content and structure. The first part of the article substantiates the need to discuss among stakeholders the boundaries and basic elements of the subject field of the discipline, which would determine its specifics and features when considering the phenomenon of everyday life. A certain model of the logical structure of the "Culture of Everyday Life" as a discipline is proposed, the main elements of its structure and their content are considered. The main stages and thematic directions of historiography of the phenomenon of everyday life in accordance with the scientific specializations of researchers are analyzed. The main achievements in the study of the everyday life phenomenon, initiated by experts of life of certain social groups representing different cultural and historical epochs, as well as the work of historians, philosophers, sociologists, carried out during the XXth century, are considered. The most common definitions of the phenomenon of everyday life, which operate in different segments of modern socio-humanitarian knowledge are analyzed, to understand the situation in modern "everyday science" in terms of systematization / structuring of accumulated knowledge about the phenomenon of everyday life, defining the boundaries of everyday life and its opposing worlds, which more clearly outline the contours of everyday life and thus contribute to the definition of the thematic field of the discipline "Culture of Everyday Life".


Author(s):  
N. N. Rodigina ◽  
I. S. Kozlova

The  article  substantiates  the  relevance  of  studying  the  everyday  life of the Siberian journalists in the second half of XIX – early XX centuries. The authors offer approaches to its study, determine the content of basic concepts.A combination of several not internally contradictory approaches to the study of everyday life of the professional community of journalists in the provinces of the Russian Empire located behind the Urals seems to be productive.First, we relate the topic of our research interests with subject field of anthropology of  professions,  which  are  characterized  by  attention  to  issues  about  the  criteria for belonging to the professional community, assessment of the status of the profession by professionals and society, relations between different actors within the professional group, conflicts and forms of self-organization of professionals.Second, the topic requires an appeal to the works of historians of everyday life. The definition   of   the   subject   area   of   everyday   life   by   N.   L.   Pushkareva and S. V. Ljubichansky  as  well  as  theoretical  provisions  by  A.  Ludtke  are  used as a baseline. In relation to the reality under study, the concepts of «journalists» and «Siberian journalist» are revealed, come conclusions about the specificity of formation of socioprofessional group of Siberian journalists in the second half of XIX – early XX centuries are made. 


2020 ◽  
pp. 7-11
Author(s):  
Kruhlenko L.V.

У статті розглянуто питання особливостей формування предметного поля вивчення педагогічно-го явища– полікультурної освіти у світовому та вітчизняному науковому дискурсі. Констатовано, що полікультурна освіта як педагогічне явище у вітчизняному культурно-політичному просторі пов’язане із «національним питанням», яке завжди мало державне значення. Наголошено, що формування ідей полікультурності в освіті викликано загостренням суспільних проблем, пов’язаних із необхідністю інтегрування представників різних етнічних груп до єдиного соціокультурного простору. На подолан-ня зазначеної проблеми має бути спрямована полікультурна освіта, яка загалом забезпечує стабіль-ний розвиток соціуму. На підставі звернення автора до напрацювань вітчизняних учених із проблеми полікультурності в освіті виявлено суттєву відмінність зарубіжного та вітчизняного напрямів вивчення проблеми. Акцентовано увагу на тому, що в світовому дискурсі полікультурна освіта представлена різ-номанітними концепціями, покликаними сприяти культурній адаптації людини, яка є носієм етнічної культури, до спільного простору в межах певного державного утворення. У вітчизняному варіанті полі-культурна освіта– шлях інтегрування людини до світового культурного простору, тому значна увага вчених в освітньому ракурсі переважно прикута до питань мовної підготовки. Відзначено позитивні тенденції в розвитку вітчизняної полікультурної освіти, які спрямовані на широке розуміння полікуль-турності (виховання толерантності, подолання/запобігання дискримінаційних практик в освіті, спри-яння всебічному розвитку людини з урахуванням культурних надбань етнічної групи, до якої вона себе відносить). Доведено, що наявні концепції мають свою національну специфіку, тож «запропоновані» світовою спільнотою варіанти розв’язання проблеми не можуть бути повністю експлікованими на вітчизняний ґрунт. Зроблено висновок про те, що українські вчені мають запропонувати «свій варіант» як полікультурності, так і полікультурної освіти, яка б відображала особливості державного розвитку України, її багатонаціонального складу, проте відображала б загальні тенденції європейського спів- товариства у їхньому прагненні до соціокультурного діалогу. The article considers the formation peculiarities of the subject field in studying the pedagogical phenomenon – multicultural education in the world and domestic scientific discourse. It is stated that multicultural education as a pedagogical phenomenon in the domestic cultural and political space is associated with the “national question”, which has always had state significance. It is emphasized that formation of multicultural ideas in education is caused by social problems aggravation related to the necessity of integration of different ethnic groups representatives into a single socio-cultural space. Multicultural education, which generally ensures the stable society development, should be aimed at overcoming the above-mentioned problem. Based on the author’s appeal to the domestic scientists works on multiculturalism in education problem, a significant difference between foreign and domestic directions of the problem studying is identified. It is emphasized that in the world discourse multicultural education is represented by various concepts designed to promote the cultural adaptation of a person as a carrier of ethnic culture to a common space within a certain state formation. In the domestic version, multicultural education is a way of integrating people into the world cultural space, so much attention of scientists in the educational perspective is mainly focused on language training. Positive trends in domestic multicultural education development are aimed at broad understanding of multiculturalism (education of tolerance, overcoming/preventing discriminatory practices in education, promoting comprehensive human development, taking into account the cultural heritage of the ethnic group, to which it belongs) are noted. It is proved that the existing concepts have their own national specifics, so the “proposed” by the world community options for solving the problem cannot be fully explained on domestic soil. It is concluded that Ukrainian scholars should offer “their version” of both polycultural and multicultural education, which would reflect the peculiarities of Ukrainian state development, it’s multinational composition, and reflect the general trends of the European community in their interest for sociocultural dialogue.


2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 108-117
Author(s):  
Anna G. Bodrova

Ivan Cankar (1876–1918), who occupies an honorable place in the Slovenian cultural canon, once changed the course of development of Slovenian literature and influenced the formation of national identity. The national narrative of Cankar was based on contradictions: living far from his people, he sometimes glorified them and sometimes attacked them with heavy criticism; he correlated his homeland with his mother, the mother though being dead. Cankar’s concentration on the subject of mother and homeland is interpreted here in the framework of psychoanalysis. Following Slavoj Žižek, the author develops the idea that it was the mother who became the Symbolic Order representative or Super-Ego for the writer. The concept of “Cankar’s mother”, which became a symbol of self-sacrifice and at the same time repressiveness in the Slovenian cultural space, is considered.


Author(s):  
Galyna Zhukova

Growing problem of inconsistency of the academic system of education with the new needs of society and individual, lack of existing structures of education contribute to the emergence of a different approach for the organization of educational activities, which is non-academic. As a philosophical phenomenon, it fully complies with the students' diverse interests and possibilities. Nonacademic education functions outside the academic education, free from strict rules and regulations, it focuses on specific educational requests of different social, professional, demographic groups.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Khalid ◽  
Qasim Ashraf ◽  
Khurram Luqman ◽  
Ayoub Hadj-Moussa ◽  
Nasir Hamim

Abstract A prime objective of oil and gas operators is to maximize reservoir productivity and increase the ultimate recovery from all depleting fields. Underbalanced drilling is one such enabling technology that has been adopted world wide to achieve a number of objectives in maximizing the reservoir potential. Chief among these objectives are to reduce formation invasion damage, identify sweet spots in the reservoir, and reduce well costs. Underblanaced operations however introduces more complexity into the successful drilling and completion of a candidate well. An improperly executed underbalanced operation can result in having less productivity in contrast to a conventionally drilled and completed well. Pakistan a country currently highly dependent on foreign hydrocarbon fuels, once had total independence in at least natural gas. The southern part of Pakistan is known for its rich hydrocarbon potential, but most fields were discovered decades ago and have depleted at a rapid pace. Numerous fields in the vicinity have depleted to an extent that the reservoir pressure has reduced to a mere 3.9 PPG in EMW. In the most recently drilled well the pressure depletion caused massive circulation losses while drilling the reservoir formation and the operator had resorted to pumping of heavy LCM pills and blind drilling to complete the section. After completing the well conventionally the operator made multiple attempts to kick off the well but observed no production. Subsequently multiple acid stimulation jobs were performed to reduce the formation damage, but all efforts were in vain. It was evaluated that the heavy LCM and drilled cuttings had bridged off and choked the reservoir skin completely from which there was no return. Ultimately the well had to be plugged and abandoned. In relatively higher pressured and non-fractured formations the option exists to drill a well in underbalanced mode and trip the running string by balancing the well with a light weight fluid. For the subject case however, this option was impossible due to the highly fractured nature of the formation. A plan was devised to include a downhole casing isolation valve in the last casing string and drill the well with an extremely light weight multiphase fluid. A rotating control device would be used to strip the running string in and out of the well. The completion packer was also to be stripped into a live well and set in place without the need of ever killing or balancing the well. By executing the mentioned methodology, the operator was able to drill and complete a well all the while keeping the reservoir formation in a virgin state. The paper discusses the planning, design, execution, and lessons learnt in underbalanced drilling and completion operations in the subject field.


2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 323-338
Author(s):  
Nino Abakelia

Abstract The subject under scrutiny is Sephardic and Ashkenazi synagogues in Batumi (the Black Sea Region of Georgia) that reveal both universal and culturally specific forms. The paper is based on ethnographic data gathered during fieldwork in Batumi, in 2019, and on the theoretical postulates of anthropology of infrastructure. The article argues that the Batumi synagogues could be viewed and understood as ‘infrastructure’ in their own right, as they serve as objects through which other objects, people, and ideas operate and function as a system. The paper attempts to demonstrate how the sacred edifices change their trajectory according to modern conditions and how the sacred place is inserted and coexists inside a network of touristic infrastructure.


This chapter reviews the book Becoming Israeli: National Ideals and Everyday Life in the 1950s (2014), by Anat Helman. Becoming Israeli deals with those aspects of Israeli society and culture that make Israel distinct from other countries. The book explores how the Israeli society emerged, mainly on its own terms, and tackles the fundamental question of “what it means to be Israeli,” along with the extent to which the characteristics comprising Israeliness emerged in the early years of statehood. Among the book’s strengths is Helman’s choice of foci: the power of her study derives from its locating spheres and behavioral acts that are extremely important but frequently overlooked (kibbutz dining halls, for example). A weak component of the book is its discussion of the subject of humor.


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