scholarly journals Echocardiographic Evaluation in Neonates with Heart Murmurs

2017 ◽  
Vol 07 (02) ◽  
pp. 081-085 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azam Mohsenzadeh ◽  
Maryam Soleimaninejad ◽  
Shokoufeh Ahmadipour
Keyword(s):  
Septal Defect ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Ductus Arteriosus ◽  
Pulmonary Stenosis ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Neonatal Unit ◽  
Heart Murmur ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Echocardiographic Evaluation

AbstractAuscultation of the heart is one of the most important tools of physical examination in neonates, which is very helpful in the diagnosis or rejection of congenital heart diseases (CHDs). The aim of this study is to investigate the causes of heart murmur in neonates hospitalized in neonatal unit in Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah, Iran. This cross-sectional study was conducted within the period of 18 months on neonates hospitalized in neonatal unit whose heart murmur, diagnosed through examination, and echocardiography was conducted to investigate the existence of CHD. In 62.1% of the cases, murmuring was auscultated within the first week after birth. Among 172 neonates with heart murmur, 25 subjects (14.5%) had normal echocardiogram, and others had abnormal echocardiogram in which ventricular septal defect (31.4%) was the most common CHD. Patent ductus arteriosus (23.3%) was the second common CHD found. Other defects were atrial septal defect, persistent foramen ovale, pulmonary stenosis, and tricuspid regurgitation. Among the neonates with CHD, 55 subjects were females and 92 cases were males. There was CHD history in previous siblings in 10 cases. In 73 neonates with CHD, the mother had not taken folic acid in the first trimester of pregnancy. A total of 14.5% of the hospitalized neonates suffered from innocent murmur, and the rest with heart murmur had abnormal echocardiography and suffered from CHD (85.5%). Heart murmur in neonates could be a symptom of CHD, and timely echocardiography is very important in diagnosing the type of disease.

scholarly journals The Outcomes of Transcatheter Closure in Patients with Patent Ductus Arteriosus at Haji Adam Malik General Hospital, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (B) ◽  
pp. 208-211
Author(s):  
Putri Amelia ◽  
Rizky Adriansyah ◽  
Bastian Lubis ◽  
Muhammad Akil
Keyword(s):  
Patent Ductus Arteriosus ◽  
Transcatheter Closure ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Ductus Arteriosus ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Pharmacological Intervention ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Surgical Treatments ◽  
Patent Ductus

BACKGROUND: Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is one of the most common acyanotic congenital heart diseases. The incidence of PDA is approximately 1 in 500 full-term neonates. The current management of PDA includes pharmacological and surgical treatments. Transcatheter closure is a preferable PDA treatment than pharmacological intervention, for medications have a higher failure rate in premature infants. Several studies have reported the efficacy and safety of transcatheter closure in smaller and lower-weight infants. AIM: This study aims to describe the outcomes of transcatheter closure of PDA, which are complete closure, migrating device, and residuals, while also investigating factors that might affect these outcomes. METHODS: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from January to March 2018 in the pediatric cardiology outpatient clinic of Haji Adam Malik Hospital, Medan, Indonesia. All PDA patients who underwent transcatheter closure were included in this study. We collected patients’ demographic data (age and sex), PDA size (categorize into large, moderate, and small), and PDA closure outcomes from medical records. The collected data were then analyzed with SPSS. RESULTS: One hundred and two children were included in this study, comprised 34 (33.3%) males and 68 (66.7%) females, with a mean age of 4.3 (±4.02) years old and the mean size of the defects 4.4 (±2.25) mm. Transcatheter closure with Lifetech® PDA Occluder was performed in 95 (93.1%) and MFO® in 7 (6.9%) patients. Small residuals were found in three patients, device migration was found in one patient. No relationship was found between the size of PDA and the outcomes measured. CONCLUSION: We concluded that transcatheter closure remains an effective treatment for PDA, with a considerable success rate.

scholarly journals Systemic Comorbidity in Children with Cataracts in Nigeria: Advocacy for Rubella Immunization

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roseline Duke ◽  
Sidney Oparah ◽  
Adedayo Adio ◽  
Okon Eyo ◽  
Friday Odey
Keyword(s):  
Septal Defect ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Ductus Arteriosus ◽  
Pulmonary Stenosis ◽  
Congenital Rubella Syndrome ◽  
Physical Handicap ◽  
Congenital Rubella ◽  
School Girls ◽  
Systemic Condition ◽  
Childhood Cataract

Background. Congenital and developmental cataracts are leading causes of childhood blindness and severe visual impairment. They may be associated with systemic diseases including congenital heart diseases which are among the major causes of morbidity and mortality in childhood. The pattern of systemic comorbidities seen in children diagnosed with cataract in Calabar, Nigeria, was studied.Methods. A retrospective review was conducted on the children who had cataract surgery between 2011 and 2012. Diagnosis of the systemic condition was documented.Results. A total of 66 children were recruited for the study. Cardiac disease was seen in 26 children (39.9%), followed by delayed milestone in 16 (24.2%), intellectual disability in 14 (21.2%), deafness in 11 (16.7%), epilepsy in 4 (6.1%), and physical handicap in 3 (4.5%) of them. Clinically confirmed Congenital Rubella Syndrome was seen in 30 (45%) of the children. The pattern of CHD seen was as follows: patent ductus arteriosus in 16 (24.2%) followed by ventricular-septal defect in 5 (7.6%), atrial-septal defect in 3 (4.5%), and pulmonary stenosis in 2 (3%).Conclusion. Systemic comorbidities, especially cardiac anomalies, are common among children with cataract in Nigeria. Congenital Rubella Syndrome may be a prominent cause of childhood cataract in our environment. Routine immunization of school girls against rubella is advocated as a measure to mitigate this trend.

Detection of cardiovascular abnormalities in the nursery of a general hospital in the Amazon region: correlation with potential risk factors

1999 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheila Maria Almeida Gomes Ferreira ◽  
Alberto Gomes Ferreira ◽  
Maria de Lourdes Contente Gomes ◽  
Alexandre da Costa Linhares ◽  
Luiz Vénere Décourt
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Ventricular Septal Defect ◽  
Septal Defect ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Pulmonary Stenosis ◽  
Flow Mapping ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Color Flow ◽  
Arterial Duct ◽  
Potential Risk Factors

AbstractCongenital heart diseases have been studied much more extensively in children than in neonates. In this study, we report on the findings from 57 neonates seen from June of 1995 through June 1996 in the nursery of a large public hospital in Belém, Para, Brazil. All were routinely examined by a paediatrician just after birth, and, when indicated, these babies were referred to the cardiology unit of our Hospital for assessment by a paediatric cardiologist. Most of the diagnoses were made by means of Doppler and cross-sectional echocardiography with color flow mapping. Several abnormalities of the cardiovascular system were diagnosed. The most frequent was patency of the arterial duct. But, since many ducts closed spontaneously, ventricular septal defect was the most frequent lesion seen even in the nursery. Four defects (patent arterial duct, ventricular septal defect, atrial septal defect and pulmonary stenosis) together accounted for two thirds of all cardiac abnormalities. Associated non-cardiac anomalies were more frequent in those with simple lesions within the heart. All the babies with complex heart disease, and the majority of those designated as having significant lesions, died before they could be discharged. Several risk factors were investigated. Among maternal drugs, misoprostol emerged as having a possible teratogenic effect.

scholarly journals The correlation between serum level of brain natriuretic peptide and amount of left to right shunt

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-71
Author(s):  
Ahmad Jamei Khosroshahi ◽  
Akbar Molaei ◽  
Mahmoud Samadi ◽  
Elnaz Eskandartash
Keyword(s):  
Serum Level ◽  
Brain Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Septal Defect ◽  
Ductus Arteriosus ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Physical Examinations ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction: Natriuretic peptides such as brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and pro-BNP are secreted in response to atrial and/or ventricular stretch. Left to right shunts such as ventricular septal defect (VSD), atrial septal defect (ASD), and patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), are treated medically or surgically. We aimed to evaluate whether the serum level of pro-BNP would be useful to measure the amount of the shunt. Methods: In this cross sectional study, 60 infants and children, in whom physical examinations approved heart murmur, and had undergone echocardiography by which VSD, ASD, or PDA had been proven, were included in the study. The relationship between serum BNP levels and severity of shunt (Qp/Qs) based on echocardiographic and hemodynamic evaluations, was studied. Results: There was a significant relationship between serum level of pro-BNP and the amount of the shunt in the patients with VSD, ASD, and PDA (P=0.01). A positive correlation was seen between pro-BNP serum level and Qp/Qs ratio. The mean ± SE serum level of pro-BNP in patients with Qp/Qs ratio of less than 1.5, equal to 1.5-2, and more than 2 was 30.83±2.4, 217.88±44.6, and 217.13±51.8, respectively showing a significant relationship (P=0.0001). The cut-off point of pro-BNP demonstrating a Qp/Qs ratio more than 1.5 was measured at the level of 40.36 pg/mL, with a sensitivity and specificity of 92% and 79%, respectively. Conclusion: Based on our study, the cut-off point of 40.36 pg/mL or more for pro-BNP, showing a Qp/Qs ratio more than 1.5, can be considered as an indication for interventional procedures.

Frequency of Cardiac Arrhythmias in Children with Cardiological Consulting and Containing Electrocardiogram

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alireza Nezami ◽  
Ghobad Heidari ◽  
Fariba Tarhani ◽  
Fatemeh Oliaee
Keyword(s):  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Pulmonary Stenosis ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Infants And Children ◽  
Paroxysmal Supraventricular Tachycardia ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Premature Ventricular Contractions ◽  
Causes Of Mortality

Background: Heart diseases are the leading causes of mortality and congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common birth defect reported worldwide. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence of arrhythmias and CHD and the association between the two, among infants and children reported to our center. Methods: This cross-sectional study included infants and children who were referred to Shahid Madani Hospital, Khorramabad. Electrocardiogram (ECG) was performed in these children to determine the type of arrhythmia and records were used to obtain demographic data and the data regarding CHD. Results : Of 200 children enrolled in the study, 10 children had arrhythmias, 12 had tachycardia, 5 had bradycardia, and 31 had congenital disease. Among children with arrhythmias, 1 had atrial fibrillation, 4 patients had paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia, 1 person had right bundle branch block, 1 had ventricular tachycardia, 2 had premature ventricular contractions and 1 had junctional ectopic tachycardia. Of the 31 children with CHD, 9 patients were presented with small ventricular septal defect, 4 children had patent foramen ovale, 2 had pulmonary stenosis and 1 of the children had tetralogy of fallout, arterial and ventricular septal defects and transposition of greater arteries, respectively. Conclusion: We reported a positive correlation between the arrhythmias and CHD. A larger number of studies collecting focusing on different age groups are therefore required to verify our findings.

scholarly journals Echocardiographic patterns in asphyxiated neonates

2009 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 214
Author(s):  
Maswin Masyhur ◽  
Idham Amir ◽  
Sukman Tulus Putra ◽  
Alan Roland Tumbelaka
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Septal Defect ◽  
Ductus Arteriosus ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cardiac Abnormality ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Term Neonates ◽  
Echocardiographic Examination

Background Neonatal asphyxia is a disorder in neonates dueto decreased oxygenation (hypoxia) and decreased perfusion toorgans (ischemia). Duration of asphyxia and early managementinfluence the severity of organ dysfunction, including the heart.Objectives To obtain patterns of cardiac abnormality inneonatal asphyxia in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital withechocardiography. Design A cross-sectional study was performed on 22 asphyxiated neonates and 22 other non-asphyxiated neonates from March to October 2008. Inclusion criteria were term neonates, Apgar score :S 6 in the first minute for asphyxiated neonates and ?. 7 for normal/non-asphyxiated neonate. Echocardiographic examination was performed before the age of 48 hours.Results There were 7/22 asphyxiated neonates and 1/22 nonaxphyxiated neonate with heart disease (P <0.05). The mostcommon cardiac abnormality found in asphyxiated neonates waspatent ductus arteriosus, followed by atrial septal defect, tricuspid regurgitation, and pulmonary hypertension.Conclusion Cardiac abnormality is significantly found more oftenin asphyxiated than in non-asphyxiated neonates.

scholarly journals Study of Cardiovascular Malformation in Congenital Rubella Syndrome in Two Tertiary Level Hospitals of Bangladesh

2015 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 137-141
Author(s):  
Nure Ishrat Nazme ◽  
Manzoor Hussain ◽  
Md Mahbubul Hoque ◽  
Arjun Chandra Dey ◽  
Ashith Chandra Das
Keyword(s):  
Septal Defect ◽  
Ductus Arteriosus ◽  
Pulmonary Stenosis ◽  
Congenital Rubella Syndrome ◽  
Childhood Mortality ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Blood Collection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cardiovascular Malformation ◽  
Congenital Rubella

Background: Congenital Rubella infection is a serious disabling problem for children resulting in Congenital Rubella Syndrome (CRS). The exact pattern of the CRS related cardiovascular malformation has not yet been well established in Bangladesh. The objective of this study was to observe the pattern of cardiovascular malformation in Congenital Rubella Syndrome. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Dhaka Shishu (Children) Hospital and National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (NICVD). Total 40 suspected CRS cases were recruited from both indoor and outpatient departments of the two study hospitals. Serum samples were tested for rubella-specific IgM and IgG, visual and hearing assessment, chest radiography and colour doppler echocardiography were performed at appropriate specialized centres. Results: The mean (±SD) age of the study population (n=40) was 6.6 (±5.7) months (range: 0–24 months), 68% children were male and 32% were female. Congenital heart disease (CHD) was found in 78% children. Patent ductus arteriosus was the commonest (47.5%) structural defect followed by pulmonary stenosis (22%), atrial septal defect (17.5%) and ventricular septal defect (17%). The chest X-ray of CHD cases showed cardiomegaly in 71% cases and patchy opacity and/or consolidation in 65% cases. Regarding serological assessment of the 37 patients (3 patients rejected blood collection), 60% cases showed IgG positive and 28% cases revealed positive IgM. Conclusions: Various forms of cardiovascular malformation are present in CRS patients. Treatment modalities differ in each type of CHD and its early detection can reduce childhood mortality and morbidity. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjch.v38i3.22822 Bangladesh J Child Health 2014; VOL 38 (3) :137-141

Prevalence and composition of CHD at different altitudes in Tibet: a cross-sectional study

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (8) ◽  
pp. 1497-1503 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian-Yong Zheng ◽  
Yi-Gang Qiu ◽  
Dong-Tao Li ◽  
Jiang-Chun He ◽  
Yu Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ventricular Septal Defect ◽  
Patent Ductus Arteriosus ◽  
Septal Defect ◽  
Ductus Arteriosus ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Total Prevalence ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Different Altitudes ◽  
Patent Ductus

AbstractBackgroundThe prevalence of CHD has been well described worldwide except in Tibet. This study aimed to illustrate the prevalence and composition of CHD in Tibetan children according to altitude.Methods and resultsIn the first part, we prospectively recruited 7088 unselected Tibetan children (4–17 years) from south-west Tibet. The total prevalence of CHD increased from 4.6/1000 below 4200 m to 13.4/1000 above 4700 m, with a female-to-male ratio of 1.3:3.1. The total prevalence and female prevalence of patent ductus arteriosus increased more than 10-fold. Females living above 4700 m had exceptionally high prevalence of patent ductus arteriosus (14.9/1000). The prevalence of atrial septal defect was comparable among different altitudes (3.3–3.8/1000). The prevalence of ventricular septal defect was 1.3/1000 below 4700 m, and no cases were found above this altitude. In the second part, we retrospectively reviewed the clinical data of 383 CHD children in Tibet and 73 children at lower altitudes. The percentage of isolated ventricular septal defect decreased from 54.8 to 3.1%, and the percentage of isolated patent ductus arteriosus increased from 8.2 to 68.4% with elevation. Children living below 4200 m (10.4–13.7%) had a larger proportion of complex CHD than those above this altitude (2.0–3.1%). Of the 20 Tibetan children with complex CHD, 14 (70.0%) lived below 4200 m.ConclusionsA wide variation in CHD prevalence and composition existed in Tibetan children among different altitudes.

scholarly journals Associated Valvular Heart Diseases among ASD Patients Undergoing Surgical Repair

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 60-63
Author(s):  
Ratna Rani Roy ◽  
Pankaj Kumar Saha ◽  
Mohammad Abdullah Yusuf ◽  
Haridas Saha ◽  
Md Ibnul Hasan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Septal Defect ◽  
Surgical Repair ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Septal Defects ◽  
Valvular Heart Diseases ◽  
Study Population ◽  
National Heart Foundation ◽  
Heart Foundation

Background: Congenital heart diseases (CHD) are one of the most common developmental errors in humans.Objectives: The purpose of the present study was to see the frequencies of various types of atrial septal defect (ASD) and associated cardiovascular disorders in patients undergoing surgical repair.Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted on patients undergoing surgical repair at the National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (NICVD) or the National Heart Foundation and Research Institute (NHF & RI) in Dhaka, during the period of July, 2010 to June, 2011. Patients presented with ASD at any age of both sexes were selected as study population. Diagnoses were revealed with echocardiography and confirmed preoperatively by registered cardiac surgeons.Results: The morphological types of ASD were ostium secundum type in 96% cases and sinus venosus type in 4% cases. Atrial septal defects were either small or larger defects associated with pulmonary hypertension in 38 (76%) cases, varying degree of tricuspid regurgitation was seen in 33 (66%) patients and dilated pulmonary artery was noted in 24 (48%) cases. Ventricular septal defect in 4 (8%) cases, tricuspid atresia in 2 (4%) cases and mitral valve prolapse in 6 (12%) cases were also observed.Conclusions: Ostium secundum type of ASD is found to be the commonest type of ASDJournal of Current and Advance Medical Research 2018;5(2):60-63

scholarly journals Pattern and Outcome of Cardiac Interventions Performed within and Outside Nigeria for Children with Structural Heart Diseases in Sokoto, North-western Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 99-108
Author(s):  
U. M. Sani ◽  
U. M. Waziri ◽  
K. O. Isezuo ◽  
B. I. Garba ◽  
U. Abubakar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Septal Defect ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Ductus Arteriosus ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Pulmonary Artery Stenosis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Branch Pulmonary Artery Stenosis ◽  
Structural Heart Diseases

Background: Management of structural heart diseases is quite challenging in Nigeria, due to limited availability and access to cardiac care services. There is paucity of data on the pattern and outcome of cardiac interventions in children from the study area.  Aims: To determine the pattern of cardiac interventions and the early outcome (within six-months) of such interventions in children with structural heart diseases (SHD) seen in our hospital. Study Design: Descriptive cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Paediatrics, Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital (UDUTH), Sokoto, between August 2012 to September 2019. Methodology: All children with SHDs seen at our hospital, but had Cardiac surgery or interventional cardiac procedures within and outside Nigeria were recruited. Relevant information including type of lesion, procedure performed and the outcome within the first six months and length of hospital stay was analyzed. Results: Only 63 out of 780 (8.1%) children with structural heart diseases, aged 6 months-15 years (Mean age 6.5± 5.0 years, M: F = 1.3:1), had cardiac interventions. The interventions were surgical in 61 ((96.8%) and catheter-based in 2 (3.2%) patients; with 49 (77.8%) of these performed abroad. Patent Ductus arteriosus 14 (22.2%), Tetralogy of Fallot 14 (22.2%), ventricular septal defect 13 (20.6%) and atrial septal defect 6 (9.5%) were the commonest lesions for which interventions were undertaken. Early post-operative complications included pulmonary hypertensive crises, pericardial and pleural effusion, complete heart block and left branch pulmonary artery stenosis warranting re-intervention. During the first six months after the interventions, three (4.8%) patients died while 60 (95.2%) survivors were followed up. However, 25 (39.7%) of them were thereafter lost to follow. Conclusion: Majority of the cardiac interventions were surgical, performed predominantly in older children with CHDs; and associated with good outcome. However, most of them were undertaken outside the country, highlighting the need to ensure these services are available and accessible locally.   

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