Hysterosalpingoscintigraphy: A Simple and Accurate Method of Evaluating Fallopian Tube Patency

1988 ◽  
Vol 27 (06) ◽  
pp. 252-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Steck ◽  
P. Albert ◽  
W. Börner ◽  
W. Becker
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Accurate Method ◽  
Female Reproductive Tract ◽  
Tubal Patency ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Routine Diagnosis ◽  
Reported Data ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Infertile Patients

A prospective study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of radionuclide hysterosalpingoscintigraphy using 99mTc-labelled human serum albumin macroaggregates in 17 patients (34 tubes). In normal females the niacroaggregates migrate spontaneously through the female reproductive tract following application into the posterior vaginal fornix. They can be seen in the uterine fornix 20 min p. i. (range: 5-90 min) and as free pelvic activity 120 min p. i. (range 40-180 min). Free pelvic activity could also be demonstrated by culdocentesis. In infertile patients with failure of tubal patency images after 180 min offered no additional information. For the routine diagnosis camera images 5, 60 and 180 min p. i. are recommended. Using 5-10 MBq 99mTc the radiation exposure to the ovaries is about 1/9th of the exposure from a normal radiologic hysterosalpingogram. The reported data show results comparable with those of hysterosalpingography (HSG) in females with patent or with nonpermeable tubes, but in cases of high-pressure patency by HSG the results of scintigraphy are superior to those of HSG. Moreover, this method provides new insights into sperm motility under various physiological and pathological conditions.

scholarly journals Evaluation of female factors in infertility by diagnostic laparohysteroscopy in a tertiary health care centre

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 3596
Author(s):  
Kashish Garg ◽  
Dhruba Prasad Paul ◽  
Jayanta Ray
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Accurate Method ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Female Reproductive Tract ◽  
Health Care Centre ◽  
The Social ◽  
Therapeutic Procedures ◽  
History Of ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Invasive Techniques

Background: The inability to conceive is one of the most distressing conditions for a couple. It not only makes the female incomplete but also the social taboos attached are phenomenal. The problem of infertility as long as the recorded history of mankind. Fertility in our culture stands for reproductivity, growth and continuity. Reproduction is one of the basic essential for the survival of a species.  Diagnostic laparoscopy & hysteroscopy have emerged as an accurate method of assessing, evaluating and treating infertility. Direct visualization of the abdominal and pelvic organs in laparohysteroscopy allows a definitive diagnosis to be made in many conditions where clinical examination and less invasive techniques such as ultrasound and hysterosalpingography fail to identify the problem.Methods: A prospective study was conducted in Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, AGMC& GBP Hospital Agartala. 50 infertile women suspected with pelvic (tubal, peritoneal, adnexal) and intrauterine (uterine polyp, septa, submucous fibroid, intrauterine adhesions) pathologies were included in the study for further evaluation and correlation of clinical findings with Laparohysteroscopy observations.Results: Out of 50 cases, 27 (54%) patients had primary infertility. While laparoscopy detected abnormalities in 60% of the cases, significant hysteroscopy findings were noted in 66% of cases. The most common laparoscopic abnormality was tubal (22%) ovarian and peritoneal (16%) in primary and secondary infertile patients respectively. On hysteroscopy, endometrial polyp (30%) was found as the commonest abnormality in both the groups.Conclusions: Laparoscopy and hysteroscopy are both diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. If pathology is discovered, it can often be treated simultaneously. Laparoscopy combined with hysteroscopy is the sole technique to have a direct view of the female reproductive tract and to find out the various causes of infertility.

scholarly journals Endometrial microbiota composition is associated with reproductive outcome in infertile patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inmaculada Moreno ◽  
Iolanda Garcia-Grau ◽  
David Perez-Villaroya ◽  
Marta Gonzalez-Monfort ◽  
Mustafa Bahçeci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Transfer ◽  
Live Birth ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Female Reproductive Tract ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Reproductive Outcome ◽  
Infertile Patients

ABSTRACTBackgroundPrevious evidence indicates associations between the female reproductive tract microbiome composition and reproductive outcome in infertile patients undergoing assisted reproduction. We aimed to determine whether the endometrial microbiota composition is associated with reproductive outcomes of live birth, biochemical pregnancy, clinical miscarriage, or no pregnancy.MethodsHere we present a multicentre prospective observational study using 16S rRNA gene sequencing to analyse endometrial fluid and biopsy samples before embryo transfer in a cohort of 342 infertile patients asymptomatic for infection undergoing assisted reproductive treatments.ResultsA dysbiotic endometrial microbiota profile composed of Atopobium, Bifidobacterium, Chryseobacterium, Gardnerella, Haemophilus, Klebsiella, Neisseria, Staphylococcus and Streptococcus was associated with unsuccessful outcomes. In contrast, Lactobacillus was consistently enriched in patients with live birth outcomes.ConclusionsOur findings indicate that endometrial microbiota composition before embryo transfer is a useful biomarker to predict reproductive outcome, offering an opportunity to further improve diagnosis and treatment strategies.

scholarly journals Endometrial microbiota composition is associated with reproductive outcome in infertile patients

Microbiome ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Inmaculada Moreno ◽  
Iolanda Garcia-Grau ◽  
David Perez-Villaroya ◽  
Marta Gonzalez-Monfort ◽  
Mustafa Bahçeci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Transfer ◽  
Live Birth ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Female Reproductive Tract ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Reproductive Outcome ◽  
Infertile Patients

Abstract Background Previous evidence indicates associations between the female reproductive tract microbiome composition and reproductive outcome in infertile patients undergoing assisted reproduction. We aimed to determine whether the endometrial microbiota composition is associated with reproductive outcomes of live birth, biochemical pregnancy, clinical miscarriage or no pregnancy. Methods Here, we present a multicentre prospective observational study using 16S rRNA gene sequencing to analyse endometrial fluid and biopsy samples before embryo transfer in a cohort of 342 infertile patients asymptomatic for infection undergoing assisted reproductive treatments. Results A dysbiotic endometrial microbiota profile composed of Atopobium, Bifidobacterium, Chryseobacterium, Gardnerella, Haemophilus, Klebsiella, Neisseria, Staphylococcus and Streptococcus was associated with unsuccessful outcomes. In contrast, Lactobacillus was consistently enriched in patients with live birth outcomes. Conclusions Our findings indicate that endometrial microbiota composition before embryo transfer is a useful biomarker to predict reproductive outcome, offering an opportunity to further improve diagnosis and treatment strategies.

Uterine microbiome—low biomass and high expectations†

2018 ◽  
Vol 101 (6) ◽  
pp. 1102-1114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iolanda Garcia-Grau ◽  
Carlos Simon ◽  
Inmaculada Moreno
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Female Reproductive Tract ◽  
High Expectations ◽  
Downstream Analysis ◽  
Uterine Diseases ◽  
Human Fetal Development ◽  
Infertile Patients

AbstractThe existence of different bacterial communities throughout the female reproductive tract has challenged the traditional view of human fetal development as a sterile event. There is still no consensus on what physiological microbiota exists in the upper reproductive tract of the vast majority of women who are not in periods of infection or pregnancy, and the role of bacteria that colonize the upper reproductive tract in uterine diseases or pregnancy outcomes is not well established. Despite published studies and advances in uterine microbiome sequencing, some study aspects—such as study design, sampling method, DNA extraction, sequencing methods, downstream analysis, and assignment of taxa—have not yet been improved and standardized. It is time to further investigate the uterine microbiome to increase our understanding of the female reproductive tract and to develop more personalized reproductive therapies, highlighting the potential importance of using microbiological assessment in infertile patients.

scholarly journals Evaluation of tubal patency in infertile patients with saline infusion sonosalpingogram

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 2590
Author(s):  
Deepa Shanmugham ◽  
Ramadoss Kabilan Vidhyalakshmi ◽  
Jessy Varghese
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Value ◽  
Saline Infusion ◽  
Tubal Patency ◽  
Infertile Women ◽  
Acute Pelvic Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Tubal Disease ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Work Up ◽  
Infertile Patients

Background: The incidence of tubal disease in infertility in India is as high as 40%. The aim of our study is to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of Saline Infusion Sonosalpingogram (SSG) in the assessment of tubal patency in infertile patients with laparoscopy as the gold standard.Methods: This is a prospective study conducted in the department of obstetrics and gynaecology on 50 consecutive infertile patients. Patients with acute pelvic inflammatory disease were excluded from the study. After complete examination and basic infertility work up, the tubal patency testing by Saline Infusion Sonosalpingogram was performed on day 8 of the cycle, followed by diagnostic laparoscopy with chromopertubation to confirm the tubal patency.Results: Out of 50 enrolled patients, 3 were excluded during the course of study. Thus, the study population comprised of 47 infertile women. During our study, 42 patients had tubes patent on SSG, out of which 41 patients had patent tubes on laparoscopy. 2 patients with blocked tubes on SSG had patent tubes on laparoscopy. 3 patients had blocked tubes on both SSG and laparoscopy. On statistical analysis, the sensitivity of SSG in diagnosing tubal patency is 95.34%, specificity 75%, positive predictive value 97.65% and negative predictive value 60%.Conclusions: Saline Infusion Sonosalpingogram is a simple, safe, convenient procedure for assessment of tubal patency in infertile women. It can be included in basic infertility work up. Hence, laparoscopy can be reserved for patients with tubal block, suspected pelvic pathology and unexplained infertility.

scholarly journals Impact of endometrial microbiome on fertility

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aboubakr Mohamed Elnashar
Keyword(s):  
Pregnancy Loss ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Female Reproductive Tract ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Implantation Failure ◽  
Unculturable Bacteria ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Generation Sequencing ◽  
Infertile Patients

Abstract Background Next-generation sequencing isolates culturable and unculturable bacteria from the female reproductive tract. Current literatures surrounding the impact of endometrial microbiome on fertility are reviewed. Main body An abnormal endometrial microbiota has been associated with implantation failure pregnancy loss and other gynecological and obstetrical conditions. Identification of endometrial dysbiosis as a new cause of infertility opens a new microbiological field in the evaluation of endometrial factor, highlighting the relevance of assessing the uterine microbiota in infertile patients to restore a favorable endometrial flora in those patients with altered uterine microbiota to improve and personalize the clinical care of infertile patients. Understanding the significance of microbiome in the endometrium may completely change the therapeutic approach in the treatment of this part of the reproductive tract. Conclusion Investigation of the endometrial microbiota may be a future tool for improving reproductive outcomes in infertile patients. Further well-designed studies are required to establish its role in the evaluation and treatment of infertile patients

scholarly journals Antioxidant and Infertility

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huda Mahmood Shakir
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Free Radicals ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Physiological Role ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Female Reproductive Tract ◽  
Natural Fertility ◽  
Tubal Patency ◽  
Human Fertility

Unexplained sub-fertility is commonly identified if couples fail to conceive after 1 yr. of everyday unprotected sexual intercourse even though investigations for ovulation, tubal patency and semen evaluation are ordinary. Many previous studies had shown that oxidative stress plays an important role in human fertility. Free radicals are neutralized by an elaborate antioxidant defense system. In a healthy body, pro-oxidants and antioxidants maintain a ratio and a shift in this ratio towards pro-oxidants gives rise to oxidative stress. There are two types of antioxidants in the human body: enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants. Under normal conditions, antioxidants convert ROS to H2O to prevent overproduction of ROS. All cells in the human body are capable of synthesizing glutathione specially the liver. Free radicals appear to have a physiological role in female reproductive system in many different processes such as: oocyte maturation, fertilization, luteal regression, endometrial shedding and progesterone production by the corpus luteum. Protection from ROS is afforded by scavengers present in both male and female reproductive tract fluids, as well as in seminal plasma elevated concentrations of ROS in these environments may have detrimental effects on the spermatozoa, oocytes, sperm oocyte interaction and embryos both in the Fallopian tube and the peritoneal cavity; therefore oxidative stress modulates a host of reproductive pathologies affecting natural fertility in a woman’s life.

scholarly journals Interaction of interleukin-6 on human granulosa cell steroid secretion

2001 ◽  
Vol 170 (2) ◽  
pp. 471-478 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Salmassi ◽  
S Lu ◽  
J Hedderich ◽  
C Oettinghaus ◽  
W Jonat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interleukin 6 ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Ovarian Function ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Female Reproductive Tract ◽  
Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Significant Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Infertile Patients

Numerous studies have shown that a variety of cytokines are involved in the regulation of ovarian function. Interleukin-6 (IL-6), has been found in follicular fluid. In this report we show by immunocytochemical methods the localization of the extracellular domain of the IL-6-receptor and its associated signal transducer glycoprotein gp 130 on the surface of granulosa cells (GCs). The possibility that IL-6 may also influence the basal and FSH-stimulated production of estradiol (E2) and progesterone (Prog) by GCs in vitro was also investigated. GCs were obtained from infertile patients undergoing in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer treatment and cultured for 72 h or were given increasing concentrations of human recombinant IL-6 (8--128 pg/ml) in the absence or presence of FSH (96 U/ml). For the time-course studies, FSH-stimulated GCs were treated in the absence or presence of IL-6 (128 pg/ml) and supernatants were assayed at 24 h intervals (24-96 h) for E2 and Prog productions. The results show that increasing amounts of IL-6 significantly inhibit E2 production in the absence or presence of FSH vs untreated controls (P=0.025 at IL-6=128 pg/ml and P=0.016 at IL-6=16 pg/ml respectively). IL-6 also inhibited FSH-stimulated but not unstimulated Prog release (P=0.038 at IL-6=8 pg/ml). These findings suggest that IL-6 may be one of the factors that plays a local regulatory role in the course of FSH-stimulated E2 and Prog release. The time-course studies of the effect of the absence or presence of IL-6 demonstrated a significant inhibitory effect on both E2 and Prog secretion (P<0.001) by FSH-stimulated GCs. As infections of the female reproductive tract are often accompanied by elevated local IL-6 levels, this factor may be one of the links leading to endocrine reproductive dysfunction during genital infections.

scholarly journals Hysterolaparoscopy as a one-time approach in infertility: a prospective study

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 2992
Author(s):  
Rini Sutaria ◽  
Richa Singh ◽  
Sriram Gopal
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Study ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Female Reproductive Tract ◽  
Secondary Infertility ◽  
Tubal Factor ◽  
Diagnostic Hysteroscopy ◽  
One Year ◽  
Infertility Patients ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Developed Nations

Background: The prevalence of infertility ranges from 3.5% to 16.7% in more developed nations and from 6.9% to 9.3% in less developed nations, with an estimated overall median prevalence of 9%. The present study was aimed to evaluate the role of hysterolaparoscopy in the study of primary and secondary infertility, to identify the various pathological conditions in female reproductive tract leading to primary/ secondary infertility, to develop a plan for therapy and management at the same time.Methods: This is a one-year prospective study conducted in obstetrics and gynecology department at D. Y. Patil hospital, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. All infertility patients seen in outpatient department, who were medically fit, willing for surgery and willing to get enrolled for study were included in this study.Results: Out of total 120 cases for infertility evaluated, tubal factor is the most common cause (28.3%) in both primary (23.3%) and secondary (43.3%) infertility group as seen on laparoscopy. Followed by ovarian factors (28.3%), peritoneal (11.6%) and uterine factors (10.8%). In 27 cases (22%), there were no detectable pathology at laparoscopy. In this study, hysteroscopy findings show 5.8% cases to have submucous fibroid uterus, 3.3% submucous polyp, 1.6% subseptate uterus, 0.8% septate uterus, 0.8% intrauterine adhesions, 0.8% bicornuate uterus and cervical stenosis 1.6% of patients.Conclusions: From this study, it is concluded that the diagnostic hysteroscopy and laparoscopy is an effective and safe tool in evaluation of female infertility. It provides direct and magnified view of all pelvic organs.

Effect of Contraceptive Steroids on the Endometrium of Guinea Pig: SEM study

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 668-669
Author(s):  
Mai M. Said ◽  
Ramesh K. Nayak ◽  
Randall E. McCoy
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Female Reproductive Tract ◽  
Human Female ◽  
Surface Ultrastructure ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Sem Study ◽  
Uterine Mucosa ◽  
Group 1

Burgos and Wislocki described changes in the mucosa of the guinea pig uterus, cervix and vagina during the estrous cycle investigated by transmission electron microscopy. More recently, Moghissi and Reame reported the effects of progestational agents on the human female reproductive tract. They found drooping and shortening of cilia in norgestrel and norethindrone- treated endometria. To the best of our knowledge, no studies concerning the effects of mestranol and norethindrone given concurrently on the three-dimensional surface features on the uterine mucosa of the guinea pig have been reported. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of mestranol and norethindrone on surface ultrastructure of guinea pig uterus by SEM.Seventy eight animals were used in this study. They were allocated into two groups. Group 1 (20 animals) was injected intramuscularly 0.1 ml vegetable oil and served as controls.

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