The effect of gestagens on bone turnover in sheep

2002 ◽  
Vol 15 (04) ◽  
pp. 205-209
Author(s):  
K. Bruppacher ◽  
F. Janett ◽  
J. Auer ◽  
F. Zeifang ◽  
E. Schneider ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Bone Turnover ◽  
Quantitative Computed Tomography ◽  
Distal Tibia ◽  
Peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Total Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Group B ◽  
Total Alkaline

SummaryThe effects of two gestagens on bone turnover were investigated in three groups of female sheep comparable in age and weight. Group A (n = 10) was given a single intramuscular injection of 50 mg chlormadinon acetate (CMA), group B (n = 9) received 140 mg medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA), and control group C (n = 9) received 5 ml physiological NaCI-solution. Plasma progesterone was measured weekly over 3 months. Bone mineral density (BMD) in the right distal tibia and calcaneus were determined every four weeks during the four months of the study duration, using peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT). At the same times total alkaline phosphatase (AP) was determined. No significant changes of BMD were found in the three groups during the four months. Total alkaline phosphatase showed a significant decrease of 36-45% in all groups during the first six weeks. Sheep seem to have a comparable bone metabolism to humans with respect to the short term effect of gestagens, i. e. MPA and CMA.

scholarly journals Bone mineral density and serum levels of 25 OH vitamin D in chronic users of antiepileptic drugs

2004 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 940-948 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina A.M. Kulak ◽  
Victória Z.C. Borba ◽  
John P. Bilezikian ◽  
Carlos E. Silvado ◽  
Luciano de Paola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Antiepileptic Drugs ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Total Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Total Alkaline

The aim of this cross sectional study was to evaluate bone mineral density (BMD) and serum levels of 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25OHD) in a group of patients taking antiepileptic drugs (AED) for a seizure disorder. Between May-2001 and January-2003, we evaluated 58 patients (40 women/18 men), 34.4±6 years old living in Curitiba or in its metropolitan area, on antiepileptic therapy for 2 to 38 years (10 on monotherapy /48 on multiple drugs regime). The group was matched by age, gender, and bone mass index to 29 healthy subjects (20 women/ 9 men); 34.2±5.9 years old. Medical history and physical exam were performed on all subjects with particular information sought about fractures and risks factors for osteoporosis. Blood samples were collected for total serum calcium, albumin, phosphorus, creatinine, total alkaline phosphatase, and liver function tests. BMD of the lumbar spine, femur and forearm was determined by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA, Hologic QDR 1000). Between February and April-2003, other blood samples were collected to measure 25OHD, intact paratohormone (PTH) and calcium. Unemployment and smoking history were more frequent among patients than among controls (p<0.05). Fifteen patients had a fracture history, all of which occurred during a seizure. The BMD of the lumbar spine (0.975±0. 13 g/cm² vs. 1.058±0.1 g/cm²; p<0.03) and of the total femur (0.930±0.1 g/cm² vs. 0.988±0.12 g/cm²; p<0.02) was lower in patients than in controls. In 63.5% of patients and in 24.1 % of controls a T-score < -1.0 in at least one site was seen. The AED users had higher total alkaline phosphatase and lower 25OHD (p<0.02). No correlations between BMD and 25OHD were found. The use of phenytoin was correlated with a greater incidence of fractures (RR: 2.38). We conclude that patients on chronic use of AED have alterations in bone metabolism characterized in this study by lower BMD of the lumbar spine and total femur and lower serum concentrations of 25OHD.

The Bone Microarchitecture Deficit in Patients with Hemophilia Is Influenced by Arthropathy, Hepatitis C Infection, and Physical Activity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharina Holstein ◽  
Leonora Witt ◽  
Tim Rolvien ◽  
Florian Langer ◽  
Anna Matysiak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Bone Turnover ◽  
Bone Microarchitecture ◽  
Quantitative Computed Tomography ◽  
Primary Prophylaxis ◽  
Peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Hepatitis C Infection ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
High Bone

AbstractLow bone mineral density (BMD) is common in patients with hemophilia (PWHs). The aim of the present study was to describe BMD and microarchitecture in PWHs in Northern Germany and to determine factors contributing to possible skeletal alterations. Demographic characteristics, BMD and microarchitecture, bone metabolism markers, and orthopaedic joint score (OJS) were assessed during routine check-ups. Areal BMD was assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) at the hip and lumbar spine. Volumetric BMD and microarchitecture were quantified by high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography at the distal radius and tibia. Eighty male PWHs (median age, 33 years; range, 18–77) were retrospectively analyzed, of whom 67 (84.0%) and 13 (16.0%) had hemophilia A and B, respectively. Fifty-four (68.0%), six (7.0%), and 20 (25.0%) patients had severe, moderate, or mild hemophilia, and 35 (44.0%) were hepatitis C virus (HCV) positive. DXA analysis revealed low BMD (Z-score ≤ − 2.0) in 27.5% of PWHs, and higher bone turnover values were associated with lower BMD. Bone microarchitecture was dominated by cortical deficits at the radius and trabecular deficits at the tibia. Cortical deficits at the radius were influenced by lower body mass index, low-grade inflammation, and treatment regimen (higher cortical thickness on primary prophylaxis). Trabecular alterations at the tibia were mainly associated with OJS and HCV status. A positive effect of self-reported sportive activity on BMD could be shown. In conclusion, our findings demonstrate that the site-specific microarchitectural deficit observed in PWHs is primarily negatively influenced by poor joint status, inflammation, HCV infection, and high bone turnover.

scholarly journals Determinants of microstructural, dimensional and bone mineral changes postpartum in Swedish women

2016 ◽  
Vol 116 (10) ◽  
pp. 1736-1744 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petra Brembeck ◽  
Anna Winkvist ◽  
Claes Ohlsson ◽  
Mattias Lorentzon ◽  
Hanna Augustin
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Quantitative Computed Tomography ◽  
Distal Tibia ◽  
Peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Skeletal Changes ◽  
Main Determinants

AbstractDuring lactation, areal (a) and volumetric (v) bone mineral density (BMD) are known to temporarily decrease. Factors that affect skeletal changes postpartum are not fully elucidated. The aim was to study determinants of the previously observed changes in aBMD at lumbar spine, and cortical vBMD, microstructure and dimensions at ultra-distal tibia postpartum. Women (25–40 years) were studied longitudinally at 2 weeks (baseline) and 4 months (n 81), 12 months (n 79) and 18 months (n 58) postpartum. At each visit, blood samples were collected, body weight and height were measured and information about lactation habits, oestrogen contraceptives and physical activity was obtained. Ca intake was measured using 4-d food diaries at 4 months postpartum. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) was analysed by liquid chromatography-tandem MS. Skeletal changes were assessed with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography. Mean baseline BMI was 24·8 (sd 3·1) kg/m2. Median (quartiles 1–3) duration of total lactation was 8·1 (6·8–10·4) months. Longer duration of full lactation was associated with larger decreases of lumbar spine aBMD and tibia vBMD and microstructure. Higher baseline body weight was associated with smaller decreases in tibia vBMD and microstructure. Higher Ca intake was associated with smaller decreases in tibia cortical vBMD and thickness. Higher baseline 25OHD was only associated with larger decreases in lumbar spine aBMD. In conclusion, lactation and body weight were the main determinants of skeletal changes during the first 18 months postpartum. Ca intake and serum concentrations of 25OHD appear to have different associations with cortical and trabecular bone.

scholarly journals Association of bone microarchitecture with parathyroid hormone concentration and calcium intake in men: the STRAMBO study

2011 ◽  
Vol 165 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Chaitou ◽  
S Boutroy ◽  
N Vilayphiou ◽  
A Varennes ◽  
M Richard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Bone Turnover ◽  
Calcium Intake ◽  
Bone Microarchitecture ◽  
Quantitative Computed Tomography ◽  
Distal Tibia ◽  
Volumetric Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Low Calcium

ObjectiveIn the elderly, vitamin D deficit, low calcium intake, and impaired bone microarchitecture are associated with higher risk of hip fracture. We assessed the association of bone microarchitecture with calcium intake and serum concentrations of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25OHD) and parathyroid hormone (PTH) in men.DesignCross-sectional analysis was performed in 1064 men aged 20–87 years not taking vitamin D or calcium supplements.MethodsDaily calcium intake was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire. Bone microarchitecture was assessed at distal radius and tibia by high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography. We measured serum and urinary levels of biochemical bone turnover markers (BTMs). Statistical models were adjusted for age, weight, height, and glomerular filtration rate.ResultsIn 500 men aged <65 years, lower 25OHD levels and low calcium intake were associated with lower trabecular volumetric bone mineral density (Dtrab) at the distal tibia, due to lower trabecular number (Tb.N). Low calcium intake was associated with lower cortical thickness (Ct.Th). Higher PTH level was associated with higher BTM levels. In 563 men aged ≥65 years, the highest PTH quartile was associated with lower Ct.Th (tibia), lower Dtrab (both sites), and lower Tb.N (radius) compared with the lowest quartile. Low calcium intake was associated with lower Tb.N and more heterogenous trabecular distribution. BTM positively correlated with the PTH concentration.ConclusionIn older men, elevated PTH concentration is associated with high bone turnover, poor trabecular microarchitecture (radius and tibia), and, at the distal tibia, lower Ct.Th. Low calcium intake is associated with lower Tb.N and more heterogenous trabecular distribution.

Efficacy and Tolerability of Alendronate Once Weekly in Asian Postmenopausal Osteoporotic Women

2005 ◽  
Vol 39 (9) ◽  
pp. 1428-1433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew YY Ho ◽  
Annie WC Kung
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Femoral Neck ◽  
Bone Turnover ◽  
Asian Women ◽  
Total Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Total Hip ◽  
One Year ◽  
Total Alkaline

BACKGROUND: Osteoporosis has become a major health problem worldwide, and the incidence is rising in Asian countries. The aminobisphosphonates are potent inhibitors of bone resorption and are currently the mainstay of treatment for postmenopausal osteoporosis. Dosing frequency will likely affect tolerability and adherence to treatment. OBJECTIVE: To assess the tolerability and efficacy of a once-weekly aminobisphosphonate preparation in improving bone mineral density (BMD) and bone turnover markers in osteoporotic Asian women. METHODS: Chinese postmenopausal women with osteoporosis were randomized to receive either alendronate 70 mg once weekly plus calcium carbonate 500 mg daily (n = 29%) or calcium carbonate 500 mg daily (n = 29%) for one year. BMD was measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Markers of bone formation and bone resorption included plasma total alkaline phosphatase and urine N-telopeptides. RESULTS: Treatment with alendronate 70 mg once weekly for one year resulted in significant BMD improvement of 6.1% at the spine, 5.6% at the femoral neck, and 3.5% at the total hip. There was no significant change in the BMD values in the calcium group (spine 1.4%, femoral neck −0.2%, total hip 0%). The BMD response in the alendronate group was significantly different from that in the calcium group at all time points, and the difference was detectable as early as after 3 months of treatment (ANOVA p < 0.001%). The changes remained significant after adjusting for age, age at menarche, and years since menopause (p < 0.001%). Similarly, the reductions in bone markers at 12 months were significantly different between the 2 treatment groups (plasma total alkaline phosphatase: alendronate 27.9%, calcium 5.4%; urine N-telopeptide: alendronate 55.6%, calcium 11.2%; both p < 0.001%). The alendronate regimen was well tolerated, without significant adverse events. CONCLUSIONS: The results confirmed that once-weekly alendronate was efficacious in increasing BMD and reducing bone turnover and was well tolerated in Asian women.

scholarly journals High Cortico-Trabecular Transitional Zone Porosity and Reduced Trabecular Density in Men and Women with Stress Fractures

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 1123
Author(s):  
Afrodite Zendeli ◽  
Minh Bui ◽  
Lukas Fischer ◽  
Ali Ghasem-Zadeh ◽  
Wolfgang Schima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limb ◽  
Quantitative Computed Tomography ◽  
Distal Tibia ◽  
Transitional Zone ◽  
Peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography ◽  
Stress Fractures ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Trabecular Microstructure ◽  
Trabecular Density

To determine whether stress fractures are associated with bone microstructural deterioration we quantified distal radial and the unfractured distal tibia using high resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography in 26 cases with lower limb stress fractures (15 males, 11 females; mean age 37.1 ± 3.1 years) and 62 age-matched healthy controls (24 males, 38 females; mean age 35.0 ± 1.6 years). Relative to controls, in men, at the distal radius, cases had smaller cortical cross sectional area (CSA) (p = 0.012), higher porosity of the outer transitional zone (OTZ) (p = 0.006), inner transitional zone (ITZ) (p = 0.043) and the compact-appearing cortex (CC) (p = 0.023) while trabecular vBMD was lower (p = 0.002). At the distal tibia, cases also had a smaller cortical CSA (p = 0.008). Cortical porosity was not higher, but trabecular vBMD was lower (p = 0.001). Relative to controls, in women, cases had higher distal radial porosity of the OTZ (p = 0.028), ITZ (p = 0.030) not CC (p = 0.054). Trabecular vBMD was lower (p = 0.041). Distal tibial porosity was higher in the OTZ (p = 0.035), ITZ (p = 0.009), not CC. Stress fractures are associated with compromised cortical and trabecular microstructure.

scholarly journals Effect of Denosumab on Bone Mineral Density and Markers of Bone Turnover among Postmenopausal Women with Osteoporosis

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Sánchez ◽  
L. R. Brun ◽  
H. Salerni ◽  
P. R. Costanzo ◽  
D. González ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Turnover ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Bone Turnover Markers ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Bone Resorption Marker ◽  
Similar Response ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Turnover Markers

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of denosumab (Dmab) on bone mineral density (BMD) and bone turnover markers after 1 year of treatment. Additionally, the effect of Dmab in bisphosphonate-naïve patients (BP-naïve) compared to patients previously treated with bisphosphonates (BP-prior) was analyzed. This retrospective study included 425 postmenopausal women treated with Dmab for 1 year in clinical practice conditions in specialized centers from Argentina. Participants were also divided according to previous bisphosphonate treatment into BP-naïve and BP-prior. A control group of patients treated with BP not switched to Dmab matched by sex, age, and body mass index was used. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM. After 1 year of treatment with Dmab the bone formation markers total alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin were significantly decreased (23.36% and 43.97%, resp.), as was the bone resorption marker s-CTX (69.61%). Significant increases in BMD were observed at the lumbar spine, femoral neck, and total hip without differences between BP-naïve and BP-prior. A better BMD response was found in BP-prior group compared with BP treated patients not switched to Dmab.Conclusion. Dmab treatment increased BMD and decreased bone turnover markers in the whole group, with similar response in BP-naïve and BP-prior patients. A better BMD response in BP-prior patients versus BP treated patients not switched to Dmab was observed.

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