DIFFERENCES IN PEPTIDE MAPS OF a POLYMERS FROM FIBRIN PRODUCED IN THE PRESENCE AND ABSENCE OF ERYTHROCYTES

1987 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Hoser ◽  
G F Savidge

α chain polymerisation during clot formation is accelerated in the presence of erythrocytes. This effect is abrogated if the erythrocytes are obtained from patients with various haemoglo-binopathies. Enzyme digests of the α polymers produced in the presence or absence of erythrocytes were prepared to further define any differences between them.Clots were produced from citrate/EACA plasma samples or plasma/erythrocyte mixtures by the addition of thrombin and calcium. After five hours, clots were washed iii 8 M urea until traces of haemoglobin were removed. After reduction and alkylation clots were dissolved in 0.5% SDS. a polymers were purified on sephacryl S-300 and protein concentrations were adjusted to 0.5 mg/ml. These were digested with S. Aureus V8 protease (150 mg/ml), papain (50 mg/ml) or chymotrypsin (100 mg/ml) at 37°C at sequential time intervals.After the addition of 2% SDS samples were analysed on 15% SDS polyacrylamide gels.In all cases digestion of a polymers from clots formed in the absence of erythrocytes took place more rapidly and contained peptide bands not apparent in other digests.The observations suggest that α polymers formed in the presence or absence of erythrocytes exhibit differing kinetics of response to proteolytic cleavage and indicate that erythrocytes may influence the primary and/or quartenary structure of the polymers studied.

1998 ◽  
Vol 79 (01) ◽  
pp. 87-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. Jones ◽  
M. Winter ◽  
M. J. Gallimore

SummaryFactor XII (FXII) levels were determined in plasma samples from 29 normal donors, 10 patients with inherited FXII deficiency (all lupus anticoagulant [LA] negative) and 67 LA positive patients, using clotting (FXIIct), chromogenic substrate (FXIIcs) and immunochemical (FXIIag) assays. Excellent correlations were obtained in the three FXII assays with the LA negative samples and between the FXIIcs and FXIIag assays in the LA positive samples. Correlations between both the FXIIcs and FXIIag with FXIIct in the LA positive patients were poor. Of 67 LA positive samples studied, 25 (37.3%) showed lower values in the FXIIct assay; 13 (19.4%) of these patients were pseudo FXII deficient with values of FXII below the lower limit of normal.These results indicate that a diagnosis of FXII deficiency can be made inappropriately in the presence of phospholipid antibodies and that such a diagnosis should not be made by FXIIct assay alone.


2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyan Dai ◽  
Chenhuan Yu ◽  
Qiaofeng Wu

Abstract Jiangpo is an increasingly popular East Asian spice which is made from Mangnolia officinalis bark and ginger juice. Since it induces bioactive compounds decomposition and has influence on final flavor and fragrance, cooking is regarded as the key operation in preparation of Jiangpo. To evaluate the bioactive compounds content changes of Jiangpo during thermal processing, kinetic parameters including reaction order, rate constant, T1/2 and activation energy of bioactive markers namely honokiol, magnolol and curcumin were determined. Cooking was set at temperatures 60, 90 and 120 °C for selected time intervals. Results displayed the thermal kinetic characteristics of the three compounds. Thermal degradation of Honokiol and magnolol both followed first order kinetic model and the loss of curcumin fitted second order. A mathematical model based on the obtained kinetic parameters has also been developed to predict the degradation of honokiol, magnolol and curcumin in non-isothermal state. All the information in this paper could contribute necessary information for optimizing the existing heat processing of Jiangpo.


Author(s):  
R. Soundharya ◽  
V. Aruna ◽  
G. V. Amruthavalli ◽  
R. Gayathri

Aim: The present study was taken up to establish the effect of niacinamide on phenoloxidase lead melanogenesis and to prove the reliability of C. neoformans based screening methodology. Methods: The organism was grown in the Minimal media in presence and absence of L- DOPA and Niacinamide and checked for its pigment producing ability at different time intervals. Results: Niacinamide did not affect the pigmentation in Cryptococcus neoformans in the absence or presence of L-Dopa. Conclusion: Cryptococcus neoformans as a biological tool for studying the mechanism of action of various melanin promoters/ inhibitors. The present study highlights the importance and usefulness of Cryptococcus neoformans based screening invention as it is cost effective rapid and ‘living cell model’.


Earlier work from this laboratory has concerned the possible use of phosphorus n.m.r. as a method to monitor, in a non-invasive manner, the biochemical state of the perfused heart as a function of its mechanical performance. We showed that a simulated coronary infarction could be detected by 31 P n.m.r. (Hollis et al 1978 a and that hypothermia and KC1 arrest could preserve the pH and the ATP levels at more nearly normal values than in a non-arrested heart during long periods (40 min) of ischaemia (Hollis et al . 1978 b ).More recently it was shown that multiple doses of KC1, given at intervals, were more effective in this respect than was a single dose (Flaherty et al . 1979). These studies essentially followed the kinetics of transitions of the heart between two or more distinct physiological states (i.e. normoxic and ischaemic, with or without KC1 arrest) by observation of the 31 P n.m.r. spectra at various time intervals over periods of up to 1 h. As described in detail and demonstrated in Dr Truman Brown’s contribution to these discussions, the rates of chemical exchange reactions occurring in a steady state can be measured by the techniques of saturation transfer in various biological systems, including perfused hearts.


2012 ◽  
Vol 520 ◽  
pp. 174-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gang Chen ◽  
Guian Wen ◽  
Neil Edmonds ◽  
Peng Cao ◽  
Yi Min Li

A water soluble binder system is used to prepare Ti-6Al-4V and NiTi pre-alloyed powder feedstock. The binder dissolution and transport kinetics through the porous powder skeleton are studied for various powder morphologies and powder loadings from 60 to 69.5 vol.%. The binder removal behaviours are evaluated with different debinding time intervals. The focus of this work is to investigate the influences of shaping pressure, specimen thickness and water bath temperature on the binder extraction behaviour.


2000 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 185-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aron D. Mosnaim ◽  
Marion E. Wolf ◽  
Tao D. Nguyen ◽  
Javier Puente ◽  
Frederick Freitag ◽  
...  

1979 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.F. Scully ◽  
V.V. Kakkar

A method has been devised to measure the levels of native and degraded forms of plasminogen either alone or in mixtures using the known differences in the rate of activation as measured using the chromogenic substrate, S2251. Preliminary studies using the purified zymogens ascertained the conditions under which maximum differences in the rate of activation are observed. Blood is taken into citrate and trasylol (final concentration 1000K IU/ml of blood to prevent in-vitro degradation of plasminogen) and plasma prepared. Plasminogen is precipitated at 13% Na2SO4 and washed 5 times with 17% NA2SO4 to remove trasylol and antiplasmins. The fractions are reconstituted in saline and the rate of activation by urokinase measured in the presence and absence of 6-amino-hexanoic acid (final concentration 2.5mM), the ratio of these activities being linearly related to the percentage of degraded plasminogen in the mixture. The observed rate is not dependent an the concentration of plasminogen in the mixture. The behaviour of degraded and native plasminogen by this procedure was shown to be the same as that of the purified zymogens by the assay of plasma samples in which the original plasminogen was replaced by purified degraded and native plasminogen although the recovery of native plasminogen was less than the degraded forms. Various patient plasma samples have been assayed by this method


1989 ◽  
Vol 257 (4) ◽  
pp. L277-L283
Author(s):  
J. A. Cooper ◽  
W. W. Merrill ◽  
M. G. Buck

Inhalation of certain substances can induce bronchial inflammation followed by bronchoconstriction or bronchial hyperreactivity. We have developed a model of airway inflammation and bronchoconstriction induced by an aqueous extract of cotton bracts (CBE) in which the severity of flow rate reduction correlates with the presence of bronchoalveolar neutrophils. In the current study normal human volunteers underwent local bronchial instillation of CBE. Bronchial lavage histamine concentrations and cellular populations were determined at time intervals after local challenge. In addition, bronchial biopsies were obtained after CBE instillation, and the degree of subepithelial inflammation was quantitated. We report that lavage of bronchi locally exposed to CBE contains 1) greater histamine concentrations 4 min after challenge compared with lavage from saline-challenged bronchi and 2) concentrations of eosinophils and macrophages that are greater than control lavage 8 min after exposure. Bronchial biopsies taken after CBE instillation also demonstrated a variable degree of subepithelial granulocyte infiltration that correlated with the global bronchoconstricting response to CBE assessed on a separate day. These studies suggest that inflammation can develop rapidly in normal human bronchi and may precede significant flow rate reductions by greater than 1 h.


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