Caregivers' Perceptions of Their Child's Language Disorder: Alignment between Caregivers and Speech–Language Pathologists

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (05) ◽  
pp. 427-442
Author(s):  
Jennifer Selin ◽  
Mary Schmitt ◽  
Margaret Hill
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Language Disorder ◽  
Language Intervention ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Speech Language Pathologists ◽  
Future Outcomes ◽  
Communicative Abilities

AbstractCaregivers' perceptions regarding their child's language disorder may influence caregivers' involvement in therapy as well as daily home interactions, thus impacting developmental outcomes. However, little is known about the alignment between caregivers' perceptions of their child's language disorder and those of speech–language pathologists (SLPs), nor of factors that might relate to alignment between caregivers and SLPs. This study addressed three aims: (1) to characterize caregivers' perceptions regarding children's quality of communicative interactions, competence in communicative abilities, and outcomes of communicative improvement; (2) to measure alignment between caregivers' and SLPs' perceptions; and (3) to explore caregiver- and child-level factors that might relate to alignment. Caregivers and SLPs of 3- to 4-year-old children currently receiving treatment for language disorders completed questionnaires to assess perceptions along with two caregiver factors (maternal education and self-efficacy) and child language disorder severity. Caregivers' perceptions were more positive and more variable than those of SLPs. However, caregivers and SLPs agreed in rating perceptions of present and future outcomes higher than either quality or competence. Maternal education, caregiver's self-efficacy, and children's language disorder severity were not related to alignment between caregivers and SLPs. Given the variability in caregivers' perceptions, future research should explore the role of perceptions in children's language intervention outcomes.

Dietary Modifications in Fissure-in-ano: A Qualitative Study Based on Persian Medicine

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 860-865
Author(s):  
Sedigheh Tavakoli-Dastjerdi ◽  
Mandana Tavakkoli-Kakhki ◽  
Ali R. Derakhshan ◽  
Azam Teimouri ◽  
Malihe Motavasselian
Keyword(s):  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Integrative Approach ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Fissure In Ano ◽  
High Fiber ◽  
Baked Goods ◽  
Persian Medicine

Background: Anal fissure (AF) is a common disease associated with severe pain and reduced quality of life. Factors related to lifestyle, including diet and bowel habits, play a pivotal role in its pathogenesis. Most of the chronic fissures are not responsive to drugs and more likely to recur. Given the significance of diet in Persian medicine (PM), investigation on physiopathology and appropriate foods can be useful for decreases in AF symptoms and consequences. Objective: This study was intended to evaluate the role of diet in the formation and progression of AF from the perspective of PM. Methods: In this study, the most important resources of PM dating back to thousands of years were reviewed. All these textbooks contained a section on AF, its causes, and treatment. Further analysis was performed on these resources in comparison with databank and resources of modern medicine to develop a food-based strategy for AF management. Results: From the view of PM, the warmth and dryness of anus temperament accounted for AF. Both Persian and modern medicine identified constipation as another cause for AF. Therefore, avoidance from some foods and commercial baked goods was recommended. Both Persian and modern medicine forbad the following foods: potato, cabbage, cauliflower, pasta, beef, fish, and so forth. High fiber and oligo-antigen diets with some limitations have garnered more attention. Conclusion: An integrative approach is recommended employing both Persian and modern medicine for AF. There have been some evidence in this regard, however standardized clinical trials are required for future research.

Reciprocal Teaching: A Review of the Research

1994 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 479-530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barak Rosenshine ◽  
Carla Meister
Keyword(s):  
Standardized Tests ◽  
Effect Size ◽  
Cognitive Strategies ◽  
Reciprocal Teaching ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Unpublished Studies ◽  
Comprehension Tests

Reciprocal teaching is an instructional procedure designed to teach students cognitive strategies that might lead to improved reading comprehension. The learning of cognitive strategies such as summarization, question generation, clarification, and prediction is supported through dialogue between teacher and students as they attempt to gain meaning from text. This article is a review of sixteen studies on reciprocal teaching, which include published studies found in journal articles and unpublished studies indexed in Dissertation Abstracts International. All the studies included in this review were quantitative in methodology. When standardized tests were used to assess comprehension, the median effect size, favoring reciprocal teaching, was .32. When experimenter-developed comprehension tests were used, the median effect size was .88. We also discuss the role of cognitive strategies in enhancing comprehension, the strategies that were most helpful, instructional approaches for teaching cognitive strategies, the quality of the dialogue during reciprocal teaching, and suggestions for future research and practice.

scholarly journals Effect of Self-esteem on Perceived Job Insecurity: The Moderating Role of Self-efficacy and Gender

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 10-22
Author(s):  
Adewale A. Adekiya
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Job Loss ◽  
Job Insecurity ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
International Markets ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Future Research ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Perceived Job Insecurity

AbstractThe high rate of job loss in most crude oil dependent countries, which may be attributed to the recent drop in the price of this commodity in international markets, has intensified the perception of threats associated with potential job loss among the employees who are still employed. Hence, perceived job insecurity, its associated outcome, coupled with how it can be mitigated has become a global phenomenon, which requires the attention of managers and practitioners alike. In this work, we built upon Hobfall’s conservation of resource theory (CRT) to present a research model that links employee’s self-efficacy and gender to the strength or weakness of the relationship between self-esteem and self-perceived job insecurity. Research data were collected from 153 randomly selected Nigerian Bank employees out of 217 drawn from a total population of 509. Based on the results from relevant statistical analysis, it is discovered that, while increase in self-esteem would lead to a significant decrease in job insecurity perception, such significant decrease is, however, not associated with self-efficacy and gender meaning that these variables are not moderators in the self-esteem/perceived job insecurity relationship. In line with these outcomes, we conclude by recommending that managers should focus on developing intervention strategies aimed at improving employee self-esteem with a view of reducing perceived job insecurity. In addition, important areas in need of future research were also identified.

scholarly journals The role of self-control, self-efficacy, metacognition, and motivation in predicting school achievement

Psihologija ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-52
Author(s):  
Vladimir Dzinovic ◽  
Rajka Djevic ◽  
Ivana Djeric
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
School Achievement ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Self Regulated Learning ◽  
Regulated Learning ◽  
Eighth Grade Students

Self-control and self-regulated learning refer to those processes and strategies whereby individuals exert agency in facing educational demands. This study tested a structural model which predicts that self-control has direct effect on school achievement, as well as mediated by metacognitive self-regulation, academic self-efficacy, and regulatory motivational styles as the variables related to self-regulated learning. The research was carried out on a stratified random sample of 575 eighth grade students. It was shown that the effect of self-control on achievement is mediated by self-efficacy. In other words, students who have heightened selfcontrol and believe in their own ability to meet school demands will be successful in school regardless of the complexity of their learning or whether they are autonomously motivated. The implications of such a finding were considered, as well as the limitations of the research and the indications for future research.

Restaurant and foodservice research

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 1203-1234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin DiPietro
Keyword(s):  
Past Research ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Papers ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Past ◽  
Restaurant Management ◽  
Foodservice Industry ◽  
Future Direction

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to present a review of the foodservice and restaurant literature that has been published over the past 10 years in the top hospitality and tourism journals. This information will be used to identify the key trends and topics studied over the past decade, and help to identify the gaps that appear in the research to identify opportunities for advancing future research in the area of foodservice and restaurant management. Design/methodology/approach This paper takes the form of a critical review of the extant literature that has been done in the foodservice and restaurant industries. Literature from the past 10 years will be qualitatively assessed to determine trends and gaps in the research to help guide the direction for future research. Findings The findings show that the past 10 years have seen an increase in the number of and the quality of foodservice and restaurant management research articles. The topics have been diverse and the findings have explored the changing and evolving segments of the foodservice industry, restaurant operations, service quality in foodservice, restaurant finance, foodservice marketing, food safety and healthfulness and the increased role of technology in the industry. Research limitations/implications Given the number of research papers done over the past 10 years in the area of foodservice, it is possible that some research has been missed and that some specific topics within the breadth and depth of the foodservice industry could have lacked sufficient coverage in this one paper. The implications from this paper are that it can be used to inform academics and practitioners where there is room for more research, it could provide ideas for more in-depth discussion of a specific topic and it is a detailed start into assessing the research done of late. Originality/value This paper helps foodservice researchers in determining where past research has gone and gives future direction for meaningful research to be done in the foodservice area moving forward to inform academicians and practitioners in the industry.

scholarly journals The evolution of predictive models and tourism

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Najmeh Gharibi
Keyword(s):  
Technology Acceptance ◽  
Predictive Models ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Technology Acceptance Models ◽  
New Directions ◽  
The Future ◽  
Future Outcomes ◽  
Tourism Services

Purpose This study aims to investigate the predictive technology acceptance models and their evolution in the tourism context. These predictive models make a knowledgeable decision about the possibility of future outcomes by analysing data. As futurists are interested in making a prediction about the likelihood of different behaviours over time, researchers of these predictive models have focussed on behaviour and predicting the intentions of users. This study proposes to demonstrate the revolution of these models and how are changed overtime. It also indicates the role of them in future studies. Design/methodology/approach By reviewing the predictive models and literature, this study looks in-depth in the process of alteration of these models. Findings This study explores the reasons of the evolution of predictive models and how they are changed. It shed light on the role of predictive models in future research and will suggest new directions for forthcoming studies. Research limitations/implications One of the main limitations of this study is that as the world is currently struggling with COVID-19 and predictability of these models will be changed. As the future is disruptive, it cannot be concluded that how these models will be altered in future. Practical implications Role of predictive behavioural models of tourists is fundamentally crucial in assessing the performance of planners and marketers of tourism services in the future. It will also vastly helps the successful development of tourism sectors, and it has practical value for all tourism stakeholders. Originality/value Few studies have focussed on the evaluation of these models and their role in future research.

Stressors and burnout: The role of employee assistance programs and self-efficacy

2009 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 365-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming-Chu Yu ◽  
Chiu-Chuan Lin ◽  
San-Yuan Hsu
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Employee Assistance Program ◽  
Future Research ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Employee Assistance ◽  
Science Park ◽  
Assistance Program ◽  
Assistance Programs ◽  
Employee Burnout

This study was aimed at exploring the roles of self-efficacy and an Employee Assistance Program (EAP) in employee burnout associated with stress. A total of 600 questionnaires were sent and 205 were collected from employees in high-tech industries in a Science Park in Taiwan. The valid collection rate was 34.2%. Path analysis was used to test the model. The results show that stressors can negatively and indirectly influence burnout through self-efficacy. This finding means that companies trying to reduce employee burnout should pay much more attention to enhancement of employee self-efficacy. Implications for application and future research are discussed.

The Role of Mentoring on Hispanic Graduate Students’ Sense of Belonging and Academic Self-Efficacy

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Holly Holloway-Friesen
Keyword(s):  
Graduate Students ◽  
Quantitative Study ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Sense Of Belonging ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Academic Self Efficacy

This quantitative study examined the role of mentoring on 332 Hispanic graduate students’ sense of belonging and academic self-efficacy. The results found that mentored Hispanic graduate students reported significantly higher levels of sense of belonging and academic self-efficacy than unmentored students. A hierarchical regression found 24% of the variance in academic self-efficacy was accounted for by mentoring and sense of belonging. Implications for practice and future research are discussed.

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