scholarly journals Evaluation in Arch Width Variations among Different Skeletal Patterns in District Solan Population

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (02/03) ◽  
pp. 112-117
Author(s):  
Isha Aggarwal ◽  
Sumit Chhatwalia ◽  
Sanjay Mittal ◽  
Mandeep Bhullar ◽  
Divya Singla
Keyword(s):  
Growth Pattern ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Dental Arch ◽  
Facial Growth ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Arch Width ◽  
Group I ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Alveolar Arch

Abstract Introduction The facial growth pattern differs from individual to individual, and the variations in it are quite high. The assessment of relationship of dental arch dimensions with the facial growth pattern is essential for proper diagnosis and treatment planning. Aim The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the dental and alveolar arch widths in patients with varying facial growth patterns in Distt. Solan population. Materials and Methods Pretreatment lateral cephalograms and dental study models of 45 patients with age group between 16 and 30 years were included in the study. Patients were divided into three groups: group I (normodivergent), group II (hypodivergent), and group III (hyperdivergent) on the basis of y-axis, Jarabak ratio, and SN-MP (Sella-Nasion–mandibular plane) angle. Interpremolar and intermolar dental and alveolar arch widths were measured and compared for all the three groups. Results The results showed that the dental and alveolar arch widths were increased in hypodivergent patients and decreased in hyperdivergent patients, which was not statistically significant. Conclusion It was concluded that the dental and alveolar arch dimensions increased as the facial pattern became horizontal.

scholarly journals Influence of Vertical Facial Growth Pattern on Herbst Appliance Effects in Prepubertal Patients: A Retrospective Controlled Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Maria Rita Giuca ◽  
Marco Pasini ◽  
Sara Drago ◽  
Leonardo Del Corso ◽  
Arianna Vanni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Pattern ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Class Ii Malocclusion ◽  
Facial Growth ◽  
Herbst Appliance ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Vertical Growth Pattern

Introduction. The Herbst device is widely used for correction of class II malocclusions; however, most of the researches carried out on the Herbst appliance in literature do not take into account patients with a different mandibular divergence. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Herbst on dental and skeletal structures and to evaluate possible influence of vertical facial growth patterns. Methods. A retrospective study was conducted on lateral cephalograms of 75 growing patients (mean age: 9.9 ± 1.9 years) with class II malocclusion treated with Herbst. Subjects were divided into 3 groups using the mandibular divergence index (SN and GoMe angle). Cephalometric parameters were evaluated using the modified SO (sagittal occlusion) Pancherz’s analysis. A statistical analysis was conducted to evaluate differences among groups using ANOVA. Results. Our study showed differences in response to treatment depending on patient’s facial vertical growth pattern. Cranial base angle and mandibular rotation were significantly different (p<0.05) between hypodivergent patients and normodivergent patients and between hypodivergent and hyperdivergent subjects. Conclusion. Hypodivergent patients increased their mandibular divergence during treatment to a greater extent than normodivergents; moreover, hyperdivergent patients exhibited a decreased mandibular divergence at the end of the treatment.

scholarly journals Comparison of Hyoid Bone Position in Skeletal Class I Subjects with Varying Growth Patterns: A Cephalometric Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mandeep Kaur Bhullar ◽  
Nikita Gupta ◽  
Sanjay Mittal ◽  
Isha Aggarwal ◽  
Tanzin Palkit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hyoid Bone ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Class I ◽  
Skeletal Class ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Indian Origin ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cephalometric Study

Abstract Introduction Hyoid bone plays a significant role in physiological functions of craniofacial region, and its position adapts to changes of the head posture. The objective of this study was to evaluate the hyoid bone position among skeletal Class I subjects with various growth patterns. Materials and Methods 90 subjects of north Indian origin, aged between 16 to 30 years, having skeletal class I relation were selected for the study. Subjects were then subdivided into three groups, that is, Group I (n = 30; normodivergent), Group II (n = 30; hypodivergent) and Group III (n = 30; hyperdivergent), based on their vertical growth pattern. Lateral cephalograms were traced and analyzed manually for evaluation of hyoid bone position. Result  The sagittal position of the hyoid bone shows no significant difference with varying growth patterns. The vertical relation G-C3Chor distance showed significant difference in hypodivergent subjects. The axial inclination of the hyoid bone showed no significant difference between different growth patterns. Conclusion The anteroposterior position of the hyoid bone does not change with different growth patterns in skeletal class I subjects. The G-C3Chor distance was found to be statistically significant when the three groups were compared.

scholarly journals Effects of Cervical Headgear on Overbite against the Background of Existing Growth Patterns

2007 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnim Godt ◽  
Matthias Kalwitzki ◽  
Gernot Göz
Keyword(s):  
Growth Pattern ◽  
Treatment Duration ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Open Bite ◽  
Treatment Results ◽  
Deep Bite ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Horizontal Growth ◽  
Relationship Of

Abstract Objective: To test the questions “Does cervical headgear treatment necessarily lead to a reduction of overbite?” and “Are there differences in treatment results due to different growth patterns or the initial overbite?” Materials and Methods: Initial and intermediary casts of 247 patients who had been treated exclusively with headgear were analyzed for changes in the occlusal relationship of the first molars and overbite. Orthodontic treatment consisted of the application of cervical headgear with nonangulated external arms applied at a force of 3.5–4.0 N. Only patients showing dental changes of occlusal relationship ≥4 mm during at least a 6-month treatment duration were selected. Growth patterns were identified by the y-axis values measured on lateral cephalograms obtained at study entry. Six groups were formed on the basis of these growth patterns. Results: Headgear treatment induced bite deepening in patients with vertical growth patterns and bite opening in patients with horizontal growth patterns. Further subdivision based on initial overbite revealed bite deepening in patients with small initial overbite and bite opening in patients with large initial overbite. These differences were statistically significant (P &lt; .05). Only minor changes were observed in patients with an initial overbite of 3–4 mm. Conclusions: Overbite reductions were not dependent on the growth pattern. Orthodontists should expect bite opening in deep-bite situations and bite deepening in open-bite situations. However, initial overbite situations of 3–4 mm should not be expected to change in a significant way.

scholarly journals Growth patterns of craniopharyngiomas: clinical analysis of 226 patients

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 418-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Pan ◽  
Songtao Qi ◽  
Yi Liu ◽  
Yuntao Lu ◽  
Junxiang Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Tumor Growth ◽  
Growth Pattern ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Pituitary Stalk ◽  
Hypothalamic Dysfunction ◽  
Group I ◽  
Tumor Origin ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

OBJECT Craniopharyngiomas (CPs) are rare epithelial tumors that are often associated with an enigmatic and unpredictable growth pattern. Understanding the growth patterns of these tumors has a direct impact on surgical planning and may enhance the safety of radical tumor removal. The aim of this study was to analyze the growth patterns and surgical treatment of CPs with a focus on the involvement of the hypothalamopituitary axis and the relationship of the tumor to the arachnoid membrane and surrounding structures. METHODS Clinical data from 226 consecutive patients with primary CP were retrospectively reviewed. Tumor location and the relationship of the tumor to the third ventricle floor and the pituitary stalk were evaluated using preoperative MRI and intraoperative findings. A topographic classification scheme was proposed based on the site of tumor origin and tumor development. The clinical relevance of this classification on patient presentation and outcomes was also analyzed. RESULTS The growth of CPs can be broadly divided into 3 groups based on the site of tumor origin and on tumor-meningeal relationships: Group I, infrasellar/infradiaphragmatic CPs (Id-CPs), which mainly occurred in children; Group II, suprasellar subarachnoid extraventricular CPs (Sa-CPs), which were mainly observed in adults and rarely occurred in children; and Group III, suprasellar subpial ventricular CPs (Sp-CPs), which commonly occurred in both adults and children. Tumors in each group may develop complex growth patterns during vertical expansion along the pituitary stalk. Tumor growth patterns were closely related to both clinical presentation and outcomes. Patients with Sp-CPs had more prevalent weight gain than patients with Id-CPs or Sa-CPs; the rates of significant weight gain were 41.7% for children and 16.7% for adults with Sp-CPs, 2.2% and 7.1% for those with Id-CPs, and 12.5% and 2.6% for those with Sa-CPs (p < 0.001). Moreover, patients with Sp-CPs had increased hypothalamic dysfunction after radical removal; 39% of patients with Sp-CPs, 14.5% with Id-CPs, and 17.4% with Sa-CPs had high-grade hypothalamic dysfunction in the first 2 postoperative years (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The classification of CPs based on growth pattern may elucidate the best course of treatment for this formidable tumor. More tailored, individualized surgical strategies based on tumor growth patterns are mandatory to provide long-term tumor control and to minimize damage to hypothalamic structures. Differences in the distribution of growth patterns between children and adults imply that hierarchical comparison is necessary when investigating outcomes and survival across treatment paradigms in patients with CP.

Growth Pattern in Skeletal Class I Malocclusion: A Cephalometric Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-54
Author(s):  
Sujal Amatya ◽  
Rabindra Man Shrestha ◽  
Shristi Napit
Keyword(s):  
Growth Pattern ◽  
Strong Correlation ◽  
Class I ◽  
Facial Growth ◽  
Skeletal Class ◽  
Facial Height ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Growth Modification ◽  
Cephalometric Study

Introduction: Great emphasis has been given to the evaluation of sagittal apical base relationship in orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning. The prediction of magnitude and direction of facial growth based on sagittal relationship will help in orthodontic treatment with growth modification. The objective of the study is to assess the growth pattern in skeletal Class I malocclusion. Materials and Method: 104 subjects (52 male and 52 female) with the age between 18-30 years with Class I skeletal relation was selected from lateral cephalograms of patients visiting the Department of Orthodontics, Kantipur Dental College. The ANB angle was measured to assess the sagittal jaw relationship and the Jarabak’s ratio to access the growth pattern. Descriptive statistics were calculated for each parameter. Pearson’s test was done to evaluate the correlation between the parameters. Independent t-test was done to compare Anterior Facial height (AFH), Posterior Facial Height (PFH) and Jarabak’s ratio between male and female subjects. Result: Among the total subjects with skeletal Class I malocclusion; hyperdivergent growth pattern was least (10.57%), followed by normodivergent (18.26%) and hypodivergent growth pattern (71.15%). Mean Jarabak’s ratio for hyperdivergent, normodivergent and hypodivergent growth pattern were 58.65±1.94, 63.98±0.85 and 69.98±4.13 respectively. Very strong correlation was found between AFH and PFH in hyperdivergent (r = 0.821) and normodivergent group (r =0.978). Strong correlation was found in hypodivergent group between AFH and PFH (r =0.743). Also, strong correlation was found in hypodivergent group between PFH and Jarabak’s ratio (r =0.643). Conclusion: Hypodivergent growth pattern was the dominant growth pattern in skeletal Class I malocclusion. PFH influenced the determination of Jarabak’s ratio more than the AFH in hypodivergent growth pattern. Hypodivergent growth pattern is correlated with large SNB angle.

scholarly journals Anteroposterior Dental Arch and Jaw-Base Relationships in a Population Sample

2008 ◽  
Vol 78 (6) ◽  
pp. 1023-1029 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Zhou ◽  
Chung-Wai Mok ◽  
Urban Hägg ◽  
Colman McGrath ◽  
Margareta Bendeus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Chinese Population ◽  
Population Survey ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
Linear Measurement ◽  
Dental Arch ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Angular Measurements ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Dental Arch Relationship

Abstract Objective: To determine the association between the anteroposterior relationship of the dental arch and the anteroposterior relationship of the jaw-base in a Chinese population sample. Materials and Methods: Orthodontic casts and lateral cephalograms were obtained from a random sample of 405 twelve-year-old Chinese children from a population survey in Hong Kong. Angle's classification was used to assess the dental arch relationship from orthodontic casts. The jaw-base relationship was assessed from the lateral cephalograms using angular (ANB angle) and linear (Wits analysis) measurements. The correlation between the anteroposterior dental arch and jaw-base relationships was assessed. Results: The anteroposterior dental arch did coincide with the jaw-base relationships, as expressed by the ANB angle in 61%, the Wits analysis in 67%, and with both in 53%. The jaw-base relationship assessed with the Wits analysis was more significantly associated with the dental arch relationship (P &lt; .001) than that assessed with the ANB angle (P &lt; .01). The correlation coefficient between the ANB angle and the Wits appraisal was .65 for the combined sample, and .60, .64, and .67 for Class I, II, and III dental arch relationships. Conclusion: In this population, the anteroposterior relationship of the dental arch and jaw-base fail to match in at least one out of every three individuals. Linear measurement of anteroposterior jaw-base relationships is a more valid reflection of the dental arch relationship than angular measurements.

Facial Growth in Patients with Apert and Crouzon Syndromes Compared to Normal Children

2012 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacobus H. Reitsma ◽  
Edwin M. Ongkosuwito ◽  
Peter H. Buschang ◽  
Birte Prahl-Andersen
Keyword(s):  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Apert Syndrome ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Crouzon Syndrome ◽  
Facial Growth ◽  
Normal Children ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Facial Height ◽  
Anterior Cranial Base ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms

Objective To evaluate vertical and sagittal facial growth in children with Apert and Crouzon syndromes and compare it to the growth patterns of a nonsyndromic control group. Design Case-control study. Setting Department of Orthodontics, Children's Hospital Erasmus Medical Centre, Sophia, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. Patients, Participants Sixty-two patients (37 patients with Crouzon syndrome and 25 patients with Apert syndrome) born between 1971 and 2001 (age range 3.9 to 32 years) and 482 nonsyndromic children as a control group. Interventions Lateral cephalograms performed prior to any midfacial surgery of 62 patients and 482 nonsyndromic children were traced and horizontal and vertical measurements were digitized. Main Outcome Measures Cephalometric measurements of SNA, SNB, ANB, NSMe, and SN/palatal plane angles and lower facial height ratio. Results Horizontal measurements for the syndromic groups showed no change in SNA angle during growth. SNA angles were lower in patients with Apert syndrome compared to patients with Crouzon syndrome. The syndromic groups showed smaller values for ANB angles compared to the nonsyndromic group. Vertical measurements showed increased lower facial height ratios for the syndromic groups compared to control subjects. There was an increasing counterclockwise rotation of the palatal plane in relation to the anterior cranial base in syndromic patients. NSMe angles among the three groups were not significantly different. Conclusions Based on the growth differences identified, the sagittal and vertical jaw relationships differ in patients with Crouzon syndrome, patients with Apert syndrome, and control subjects. Syndromic patients show aggravation of midfacial underdevelopment and anterior rotation of the mandible.

scholarly journals Correlation Between Gonial Angle And Mandibular Symphysis Width In South Indian Dravidian Population

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL3) ◽  
pp. 1132-1135
Author(s):  
Anjali Anna Thomas ◽  
Harish Babu ◽  
Remmiya Mary Varghese
Keyword(s):  
Growth Pattern ◽  
Growth Direction ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Mandibular Symphysis ◽  
Mandibular Growth ◽  
Gonial Angle ◽  
Vertical Growth ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Horizontal Growth ◽  
Vertical Growth Pattern

Mandibular growth pattern (MGP) prediction plays an important role in orthodontic treatment planning. This study sought to assess the mandibular symphyseal width in adolescents with different mandibular growth patterns (MGPs) so as to see whether a correlation exists. This study was conducted on 90 lateral cephalograms of patients aged between 10 and 16 years. The subjects were divided into normo-divergent, hypodivergent and hyperdivergent subgroups based on the gonial angle. The symphyseal measurement included width or depth of the mandibular symphysis according to Akietal study. He suggested that a mandible with anterior growth direction was associated with a large depth of the symphysis. In contrast, a mandible with a posterior growth direction was associated with a small depth of symphysis. To assess the correlation between mandibular symphyseal width and mandibular growth pattern, Pearson’s correlation test was done. Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2 tailed). A P-value which is less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The mandibular symphyseal width was found to be strongly associated with the MGP. It can be inferred from the results that in vertical growth pattern, as the gonial angle increases, symphyseal width decreases and in horizontal growth pattern, as the gonial angle decreases, symphyseal width increases. Also, in vertical growth pattern subjects, the mandibular symphyseal width is narrower. In contrast, in horizontal growth pattern subjects, the mandibular symphyseal width is wider.

Effects of Primary Alveolar Bone Grafting on Maxillofacial Development in the Rabbit

1994 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barry L. Eppley ◽  
A. Michael Sadove
Keyword(s):  
Bone Grafting ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Normal Values ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Facial Growth ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Maxillofacial Development ◽  
Group I ◽  
Alveolar Bone Grafting ◽  
Maxillary Growth

Unilateral maxillary clefts were created In 4-week-old rabbits by removing premaxillary-maxillary sutures. Four groups, five animals per group, were formed. Control animals (Group I, no clefts) helped determine normal values for facial growth. In Group II the clefts were unrepaired. In Group III each had a rib graft harvested and placed Into the alveolar defect only. In Group IV the cleft was completely grafted with multiple ribs to the nose. At six months postoperatively skeletons of all animals were directly measured and an orthogonal coordinate analysis compared maxillary and palatal growth among groups. Greatest deviations in growth were seen when the entire cleft was grafted; shortened maxillary development and nasal deflection to the clefted side occurred. Unrepalred clefts and grafts limited to the alveolus had maxillofacial development similar to that in unoperated controls. The location of grafts In clefts in infancy appears critical to avoid retarded maxillary growth.

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