scholarly journals CAVERNOUS HAEMANGIOMA IN THE GASTROCNEMIUS MUSCLE: A RARE PRESENTATION IN THE GERIATRIC AGE GROUP

2014 ◽  
Vol 04 (03) ◽  
pp. 101-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Ravindranath Rai ◽  
Arjun Ballal ◽  
Keerti Mohan ◽  
Rajsankar N. R.
Keyword(s):  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Left Knee ◽  
Cavernous Haemangioma ◽  
Rare Presentation ◽  
Posterior Aspect ◽  
Adequate Treatment ◽  
Capillary Haemangioma ◽  
Surgical Methods ◽  
Distinctive Type ◽  
Radiological Methods

AbstractIntramuscular haemangiomas are believed to be hamartomatous and are a distinctive type of haemangioma occurring within skeletal muscle. They account for less than 1% of all haemangiomas. They occur more often in trunk and extremity muscles.A sixty five year old lady presented with swelling and pain from the back of the left knee for two years.On clinical examination, a mass of about 10X10 cms in size was noted in the left popliteal fossa. The swelling was tender with well defined borders but fixed to the muscle. She had a flexion deformity of knee of ten degrees.MRI revealed a large encapsulated cystic lesion in the posterior aspect of the muscular compartment of the knee.She underwent excision of the mass, intraoperatively the mass was noted to be arising from the gastrocnemius. Histopathology revealed large cavernous filled spaces filled with blood which indicated a cavernous haemangioma.Most of the literature suggest the occurance of capillary haemangioma to be a commoner one. Occurance of a cavernous haemangioma is usually before the third decade and is congenital in most times. Most of the authors emphasize that radiological methods are generally insufficient for the correct diagnosis of intramuscular hemangiomas, and surgery is the treatment of choice to exclude malignancy and for adequate treatment of these lesions.Hence, the present case which we are reporting here is a rare occurance of a cavernous haemangioma of the gastrocnemius in a 65 year old lady, which was managed by surgical methods.

scholarly journals Congenital Craniofacial Plexiform Neurofibroma in Neurofibromatosis Type 1

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 218
Author(s):  
Antonella Cacchione ◽  
Alessia Carboni ◽  
Mariachiara Lodi ◽  
Rita De Vito ◽  
Andrea Carai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neurofibromatosis Type 1 ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Plexiform Neurofibroma ◽  
Neurofibromatosis Type ◽  
Detection Techniques ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Diagnostic Work ◽  
Radiological Methods

We present a case demonstrating the performance of different radiographical imaging modalities in the diagnostic work-up of a patient with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) and plexiform neurofibroma (PN). The newborn boy showed an expansive-infiltrative cervical and facial mass presented with macrocrania, craniofacial disfigurement, exophthalmos and glaucoma. A computer tomography (CT) and a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were performed. The CT was fundamental to evaluate the bone dysmorphisms and the MRI was crucial to estimate the mass extension. The biopsy of the lesion confirmed the suspicion of PN, thus allowing the diagnosis of NF1. PN is a variant of neurofibromas, a peripheral nerves sheath tumor typically associated with NF1. Even through currently available improved detection techniques, NF1 diagnosis at birth remains a challenge due to a lack of pathognomonic signs; therefore congenital PN are recognized in 20% of cases. This case highlights the importance of using different radiological methods both for the correct diagnosis and the follow-up of the patient with PN. Thanks to MRI evaluation, it was possible to identify earlier the progressive increasing size of the PN and the possible life threatening evolution in order to perform a tracheostomy to avoid airways compression.

scholarly journals Actinomyces meyeriPopliteal Cyst Infection and Review of the Literature

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Bharath Raj Palraj ◽  
Ala S. Dababneh
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Collection ◽  
Left Knee ◽  
Joint Fluid ◽  
Popliteal Cyst ◽  
Degenerative Arthritis ◽  
Posterior Aspect ◽  
Medial Meniscectomy ◽  
Complex Fluid ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Mri Study

A 66-year-old, Caucasian male presented with pain and swelling involving the left knee of one-week duration. Arthrocentesis was negative for evidence of septic arthritis. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) study of the left knee showed degenerative arthritis, partial tear of medial meniscus, and a complex fluid collection along the posteromedial aspect of the left knee suggestive of popliteal cyst. He underwent arthroscopy with partial medial meniscectomy. Intraoperative joint fluid was noted to be cloudy but cultures were negative. Arthroscopic procedure provided him with temporary relief but the pain and swelling in the posterior aspect of the left knee recurred in 6 weeks. Repeat MRI showed complex fluid collection in the posterolateral aspect of left knee. Ultrasound guided aspiration of the fluid collection revealed purulent material and cultures grewActinomyces meyeri. He was treated with 6 weeks of intravenous penicillin regimen followed by 18 months of oral penicillin.

A rare solitary breast cancer metastasis to the soft tissue of the ipsilateral arm detected by a physiotherapist: A case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-191
Author(s):  
Ramesh Omranipour ◽  
Sadaf Alipour ◽  
Bita Eslami
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Cancer Metastasis ◽  
Multidisciplinary Treatment ◽  
Breast Cancer Metastasis ◽  
Frequency Interval ◽  
Treatment Team ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Rare Presentation ◽  
Adequate Treatment

BACKGROUND: Late occurrence of solitary soft tissue upper extremity metastasis of breast cancer is very rare. We hereby present a case of metastasis to the biceps muscle of the ipsilateral arm, detected by a physiotherapist six years after mastectomy. The aim of this report is to highlight the rarity of this presentation, to emphasize the role of the physiotherapist as a member of the multidisciplinary treatment team and the possibility of curative treatment despite the poor prognosis. CASE DESCRIPTION: A 2 * 3 cm well-defined isolated metastasis of breast cancer was diagnosed in the left arm of a 31-year-old woman 6 years after successful treatment of her primary tumor. Tumor characteristics, diagnostic plan, and treatment options are discussed. CONCLUSION: Due to its scarcity, there is a lack of knowledge about the frequency, interval, characteristics, best diagnostic modality, adequate treatment, and prognosis of isolated breast cancer metastasis to the soft tissue, and these can be found out by proper reporting. As an important member of the multidisciplinary team in the care and treatment of breast cancer patients, physiotherapists should be aware of this type of rare presentation.

Retropharyngeal abscess. A rare presentation of nasopharyngeal carcinoma

1999 ◽  
Vol 113 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Wai Pak ◽  
Ka Lai Chan ◽  
Charles Andrew van Hasselt
Keyword(s):  
Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma ◽  
Underlying Disease ◽  
Retropharyngeal Abscess ◽  
Advanced Stage ◽  
Rare Presentation ◽  
Adequate Treatment ◽  
Neck Abscess ◽  
Early Symptoms ◽  
Deep Neck Abscess ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractEarly symptoms of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) can often be deceptive and confusing. Most patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma present at an advanced stage with metastatic cervical nodes present at the time of diagnosis. A deep neck abscess as the presenting feature has not been reported. We report two cases of nasopharyngeal carcinoma which presented with retropharyngeal abscesses and persistent lymphadenopathy. These two patients illustrate that refractory lymphadenopathy, despite adequate treatment of the associated infection, should prompt a search for underlying disease. The relationship between nasopharyngeal carcinoma and retropharyngeal abscess is discussed.

INFECTIOUS AND INFLAMMATORY COMPLICATIONSIN OPHTHALMOLOGYAMID COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 40-44
Author(s):  
Khalidjan Kamilov ◽  
◽  
Munirakhon Kasimova ◽  
Gavkhar Khamraeva ◽  
Manzurakhon Rizaeva
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Sinus Thrombosis ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Secondary Glaucoma ◽  
Cavernous Sinus Thrombosis ◽  
Optic Nerve Atrophy ◽  
Ocular Complications ◽  
Adequate Treatment ◽  
Infectious Disease Specialists ◽  
Corneal Penetration

Inflammatory complications of the organ of vision in the time of COVID-19 can be manifested as conjunctivitis, scleritis, episcleritis, keratitis, uveitis and optic neuritis. It is essential to collect anamnesis, examine the blood for the presence of COVID 19 and treat these patients with the help of infectious disease specialists. Correct diagnosis of inflammatory ocular complications in the presence of COVID 19 makes it possible to prevent ocular complications, such as: ulcers and corneal penetration; fusion and overgrowth of the pupil,which leadto secondary glaucoma; endoophthalmitis, panophthalmitis and optic nerve atrophy. Timely intensive medical care and adequate treatment of these complications lead to a decrease in disability in this category of patients.Keywords:Ophthalmology, COVID-19,complications, ulcers, endoophthalmitis, panophthalmitis, gastrointestinal tract, cavernous sinus thrombosis

scholarly journals Intra-abdominal Solitary Myofibroma in a Child: A Rare Case Report

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Smita Singh ◽  
Jyoti Garg ◽  
Kusha Sharma ◽  
Kiran Agarwal
Keyword(s):  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
Iliac Fossa ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Abdominal Distension ◽  
Malignant Tumours ◽  
Rare Presentation ◽  
Anaplastic Lymphoma ◽  
Abdominal Masses

Intra-abdominal masses in children are usually malignant. Benign tumours at this location are not seen frequently. It is even rarer to find solitary myofibromas intra-abdominally as these tumours are known to have predilection for the head and neck region. We present an unusual case of solitary myofibroma with abdominal localisation in a six-year-old male child who presented with abdominal distension since six months. Computed Tomography (CT) abdomen revealed a complex solid-cystic mass extending from umbilicus to right iliac fossa and measuring 9×6×4 cm. Histopathological examination revealed a tumour displaying biphasic nodular pattern with the presence of lighter staining fascicles of mature myoid cells along with darker staining and more cellular areas of smaller primitive cells. On Immunohistochemistry (IHC), tumour cells were positive for vimentin and Smooth Muscle Actin (SMA) with variable reactivity for desmin while these were negative for CD34 and Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase 1 (ALK). Based on the histopathological and immunohistochemical findings, final diagnosis of myofibroma was made. Recognition of these lesions is extremely challenging owing to their rare presentation intra-abdominally and also because of their close morphological overlap with other spindle cell tumours commonly found at this site. This case highlights the combined role played by histopathology and IHC in making a clear distinction between different entities. It is imperative for both clinicians and histopathologists to establish the correct diagnosis as excision of the solitary myofibroma is curative in most cases and offers better clinical course than the more commonly found malignant tumours at this site.

scholarly journals A rare presentation of an ectopic kidney with pyelonephritis mimicking appendicitis

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaying Eileen Xu ◽  
Rasika Hendahewa
Keyword(s):  
Early Recognition ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Ectopic Kidney ◽  
Rare Presentation ◽  
Lower Quadrant Pain ◽  
Lower Quadrant ◽  
Right Lower Quadrant Pain ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Rare Diagnosis

Abstract Acute appendicitis is one of the top differential diagnoses of right lower quadrant pain in the emergency department. There are many other conditions that may mimic appendicitis such as diverticulitis, colitis and gynecological conditions. We report a rare diagnosis of a patient who presents with characteristic clinical and laboratory features of appendicitis with severe sepsis, but later showed acute pyelonephritis of a malrotated right ectopic kidney on computer tomography. An ectopic kidney is very rare with an incidence of 1 in 3000. It is usually asymptomatic, although it may also associate with obstruction, infection and urolithiasis. This case report raises the importance of early recognition of the correct diagnosis using imaging in appropriate clinical settings, and prompt antibiotic treatment can avoid unnecessary surgical intervention, preserve renal function and prevent a life-threatening catastrophe.

scholarly journals Intra-Articular Osteoid Osteoma as a Cause of Anteromedial Knee Pain

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Ergin Sagtas ◽  
Kemal Gokkus ◽  
Ahmet Turan Aydin
Keyword(s):  
Knee Pain ◽  
Osteoid Osteoma ◽  
Bone Marrow Edema ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Multislice Ct ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Left Knee ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Mri Findings ◽  
Sclerotic Lesions

A 32-year-old male patient presented to our clinic with chronic left knee pain that was ongoing for about 1.5 years. The patient visited several times our clinic and the other clinics; conservative treatment (including rest, knee brace, and ice application with NSAIDs) was recommended by various different doctors. The anamnesis, physical examination, and plain radiography were nonspecific. Early MRI findings mislead us to believe it is bone marrow edema. One and half years with noneffective treatment, the knee pain persisted. At the latest visit intra-articular osteoid osteoma was suspected and the knee MRI with CT was employed. Even though the diagnosis of intra-articular osteoid osteoma often presents a challenge for the surgeons, with a present awareness of intra-articular osteoid osteomas which lack the characteristic sclerotic lesions and nidus on plain X-rays and the aid of multislice CT, a correct diagnosis which warrants proper treatment can be achieved. The possibility of osteoid osteomas, especially in young adults with persistent knee pain with unknown reasons that show normal plain radiographs results, must not be overlooked. The treatment method of these lesions should be customized depending on the location of the lesion, experience of the surgeon, and cost of method.

scholarly journals MON-482 Thyroid Tuberculosis - An Unlikely Diagnosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Novais Araújo ◽  
Tânia Matos ◽  
Ema Nobre ◽  
Maria Joao Bugalho
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Fine Needle Aspiration ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Tuberculous Infection ◽  
Rare Presentation ◽  
Adequate Treatment ◽  
Fine Needle ◽  
The Right

Abstract Background: Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) is an aerobic bacillus responsible for the most cases of tuberculous infection. Approximately one-third of the world’s population is infected. Tuberculosis (TB) of the thyroid gland is an unusual diagnosis with an estimated prevalence of 0.1 to 0.6%. The thyroid TB can mimic different pathologies (thyroid neoplasms, lymphoma, infectious or granulomatous thyroiditis, Graves’ disease or bacterial abscess) and the diagnosis can be easily disregarded, especially in non-endemic countries and if the patient doesn’t have systemic symptoms. The fine needle aspiration and histopathological examination, with acid-fast bacilli staining and TB culture, are the gold standard exams. Clinical Case: A 71-year-old female was referred to our Endocrinology department after a diagnosis of nodular thyroid disease. She had complaints of slight cervical discomfort, with 6 months of duration. She hadn’t personal or familiar relevant antecedents. At observation, a movable, elastic and non-tender nodule of 15mm at the right superior thyroid lobe was identified. Blood tests including a thyroid profile were normal. The neck ultrasound showed, at the right lobe of the thyroid, multiple solid nodules; the dominant had 18mm, was heterogeneous and had multiple calcifications. Moreover, lymph nodes with suspicious ultrasonographic features along the right internal jugular chain were reported. The patient underwent fine-needle aspiration (FNA) of the suspicious thyroid nodule and one lymph node. Results were respectively: non-diagnostic (Bethesda I) and reactive pattern. FNA was repeated on a different occasion and results were similar. Due to ultrasound suspicious of malignancy, a total thyroidectomy was performed and a lymph node from level IV was sampled for extemporaneous examination. Necrotizing granulomas were documented; the Ziehl-Neelson staining (ZNS) was negative; material was sent to microbiology. Following this finding, ganglion emptying was not performed. The thyroid histology showed tuberculoid type granulomas with lymphoid border and central necrosis. However, the ZNS was negative. The diagnosis was definitely established by a positive culture of the lymph node tissue and molecular detection, by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), of MTB. Pulmonary involvement was excluded and she started antituberculous agents planned for 9 months (rifampicin and isoniazid during 9 months and ethambutol and pyrazinamide for 2 months). Conclusion: Thyroid TB is a rare presentation of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. In presence of systemic or specific complaints or history of exposition the diagnosis may be suspected and confirmatory tests requested in order to ensure an adequate treatment. However, sometimes, histopathology remains a key step and the use of cultures improves the sensitivity and specificity of TB tests.

scholarly journals Chronic gastritis and precancerous diseases of the stomach: Is there a chance of a correct diagnosis?

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-102
Author(s):  
Aleksandr V. Tryapitsyn ◽  
Vladimir A. Malkov ◽  
Emil M. Gasanov ◽  
Ilya Belyakov
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Mucosa ◽  
Intestinal Metaplasia ◽  
Chronic Gastritis ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Intraepithelial Neoplasia ◽  
Autoimmune Gastritis ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Adequate Treatment ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Almost All

AIM: The purpose of the study is to investigate the occurrence of the main forms of chronic gastritis, metaplastic and dysplastic changes in the gastric mucosa, the degree of their severity, and to assess their potential risk for the development of gastric cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study involved 2982 patients who underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy with a standard biopsy of the gastric mucosa for morphological assessment and bacterioscopy. If autoimmune gastritis was suspected, an additional serological diagnosis was performed. When detecting intestinal metaplasia of the gastric mucosa as well as neoplastic changes according to the histological report, the description of this report was analyzed in order to identify possible equivalents in the macroscopic description of the mucous membrane. RESULTS: Out of 2982 histological studies of gastric mucosa biopsies, 1273 cases (42.7%) were found to contain H. pylori contamination. In 726 cases (24.3%), intestinal metaplasia. 66 biopsies (2.21%) showed the presence of low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia of the mucosa, 2 biopsies showed indeterminate neoplasia and 4 biopsies showed high-grade neoplasia. In 3 out of the total number of the samples, intravascular gastric adenocarcinoma was detected. In 168 cases (5.6%), gastritis was detected with predominant inflammation of the fundal region characteristic of autoimmune gastritis. In 286 biopsies (10.6%), inflammatory and/or atrophic changes and/or metaplastic changes were preserved, which, as a rule, did not have high activity and pronounced inflammation. In the remaining 1279 cases (42.9%), there was no significant inflammation or atrophic changes. The analysis of endoscopic findings showed that the detectability of intestinal metaplasia of the gastric mucosa without a biopsy study was 13.3%. DISCUSSION OF THE RESULTS: According to the results of the conducted research and analysis, it can be stated that at present, the correct diagnosis of chronic gastritis with the establishment of the etiological factor, prognosis and risks of stomach cancer development is practically not feasible within the modern health care system. This not only deprives a doctor of the opportunity to make a correct diagnosis and prescribe adequate treatment to a patient, but also makes almost all cascades of carcinogenesis, including early cancer, invisible.

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