scholarly journals Anosmia/Hyposmia is a Good Predictor of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Infection: A Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timotius Ivan Hariyanto ◽  
Niken Ageng Rizki ◽  
Andree Kurniawan
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Good Predictor ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Olfactory Dysfunction ◽  
Data Synthesis ◽  
Pubmed Central ◽  
Main Symptom ◽  
Central Database ◽  
Random Effects Modeling ◽  
Review Manager

Abstract Introduction The number of positive cases and deaths from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is still increasing. The early detection of the disease is very important. Olfactory dysfunction has been reported as the main symptom in part of the patients. Objective To analyze the potential usefulness of anosmia or hyposmia in the detection of the COVID-19 infection. Data Synthesis We systematically searched the PubMed Central database using specific keywords related to our aims until July 31st, 2020. All articles published on COVID-19 and anosmia or hyposmia were retrieved. A statistical analysis was performed using the Review Manager (RevMan, Cochrane, London, UK) software, version 5.4. A total of 10 studies involving 21,638 patients were included in the present analysis. The meta-analysis showed that anosmia or hyposmia is significantly associated with positive COVID-19 infections (risk ratio [RR]: 4.56; 95% confidence interval [95%CI]: 3.32–6.24; p < 0.00001; I2 = 78%, random-effects modeling). Conclusion The presence of anosmia or hyposmia is a good predictor of positive COVID-19 infections. Patients with onset of anosmia or hyposmia should take the test or undergo screening for the possibility of COVID-19 infection.

scholarly journals Post COVID-19 Organizing Pneumonia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 259-270
Author(s):  
Talal Khalid Abdullah Alanazi ◽  
Nasser Faris Ali Alahmari ◽  
Faris Essa Ibrahim Qubays ◽  
Solaiman Hosaian ibraheem Alenezi ◽  
Meshal Faleh Mofadhe Alenezi
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Organizing Pneumonia ◽  
Eligible Study ◽  
Data Synthesis ◽  
Electronic Search ◽  
Review Manager

Introduction: Several observational studies have found parallels between COVID-19 pneumonia and organizing pneumonia (OP). This study aims to investigate the published literature of OP related to COVID-19, estimates the prevalence of OP among COVID-19 patients, and assesses the risk or COVID-19 severity associated with OP. Methodology: This was a systematic review and meta-analysis. A systematic electronic search through PubMed, Web of Science, Science Direct, EBSCO, and Google Scholar was conducted to include relevant and eligible literature. The authors used Review Manager 5.4 to perform quantitative data synthesis for the condition of interest analyses. Results: A total of 9 eligible study articles and 12 case reports were included in this study. The estimated pooled organizing pneumonia prevalence among COVID-19 patients was 45.6% [23.1%-68.2%]. The association between OP and severe COVID-19 infection revealed a pooled OR [95% CI] of 5.22 [-0.96-11.41]. Conclusion: COVID-19 patients had a rather high OP prevalence (43%). Surprisingly, cancer patients with COVID-19 infection had the lowest OP prevalence. OP was identified as a possible risk factor for the severity of COVID-19 infection.

Association of N-acetyltransferase-2 Polymorphism with Antituberculosis Induced Hepatotoxicity: A meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Farhana Mohamed Noor ◽  
Teh Lay Kek ◽  
Mohd Arif Mohd Zim ◽  
Zamzurina Abu Bakar ◽  
Noor Izyani Zakaria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
The World ◽  
Nat2 Polymorphism ◽  
Q Statistic ◽  
Quality Assessments ◽  
Review Manager

Background: N-acetyltransferase (NAT2) polymorphisms were reported to play important roles in antituberculosis-induced hepatotoxicity (ATDIH). However, the allelic types with increased risks for ATDIH were inconsistent as most studies are of a small sample size. Objective: The objective of the study was to conduct a meta-analysis to identify NAT2 alleles associated with increased risks of ATDIH. Methods: Studies reported on NAT2 polymorphism with the risk of ATDIH were searched systematically in PubMed, Scopus, and the World of Sciences. Studies were included if they fulfilled the inclusion criteria and excluded accordingly. Quality assessments were done using Newcastle-Ottawa Score. Statistical analysis was performed using Review Manager version 5.3. Cochrane Q-statistic test and I2 statistic were used to assess and quantify heterogeneity. Results: A total of 12 studies involving 580 cases and 3129 controls were included. NAT2 polymorphism was significantly associated with the risk of ATDIH with an odd ratio (OR) of 2.76 (1.86 – 4.10, 95% CI). Among the slow acetylators genotypes, NAT2*5/*7 carry the highest risk associated with ATDIH. Conclusion: NAT2 polymorphism was significantly associated with ATDIH.

scholarly journals Assessing the Clinical Improvement in Patients with COVID-19 using Lopinavir-Ritonavir: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 448-459
Author(s):  
Rania M. Magadmi
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Clinical Improvement ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Viral Therapy ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Review Study ◽  
Review Manager ◽  
Anti Viral Therapy

Aims: Globally the focus is towards finding an effective treatment for COVID-19 patients in order to suppress the spread of this pandemic disease. An antiviral combination of lopinavir-ritonavir is considered to be effective in treating COVID-19 patients. Therefore, the present study aims to assess the clinical improvements of lopinavir-ritonavir in COVID-19 patients. Study Design: a systematic review study was conducted and articles published since December 2019 were included. The statistical analysis of quantitative data was performed using Review Manager (RevMan) to generate forest plots. Results: The study showed that there was no significant difference in COVID-19 patients treated with lopinavir-ritonavir or in combination with anti-viral therapy or other conventional methods. Conclusion: the use of lopinavir-ritonavir resulted in greater adverse consequences among COVID-19 patients. It further recommends conducting meta-analysis studies with a greater number of studies to highlight the clinical improvement associated with the use of Lopinavir-ritonavir.

scholarly journals Cognition Enhancing Effect of Rosemary Plant (Rosmarinus officinalis, L) in Preclinical Studies: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shalam Mohamed Hussain ◽  
Ayesha Farhana Syeda ◽  
Mohammad Alshammari ◽  
Sulaiman Alnasser ◽  
Naif Alenzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Extraction ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Included Study ◽  
Measure Data ◽  
Data Synthesis ◽  
Active Constituents ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Rosmarinus Officinalis L ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Review Manager

Background: Patients with mild cognitive impairment end up progressing to Alzheimer&rsquo;s disease (AD) leading to straining burden on public health. R. officinalis long been known as the herb of remembrance and can be a potential cognition enhancer for AD. The aims of the review were to summarize the qualitative and quantitative aspects of R.O and its active constituents in enhancing the cognition. MATERIALS AND METHOD Google scholar and PubMed structured search to find relevant studies that assessed the effect of R.O extract or any of its active constituents on cognitive performance in animals. Data extraction: Following information from each included study was extracted: (1) article information (2) characteristics of study animals (3) type of intervention; type, dose, duration, and frequency of administration of R.O (4) type of outcome measure. Data synthesis: Data were analyzed using Review Manager (RevMan 5.3, 2014] and meta-analysis was performed for the outcome measures on all relevant tasks within the included papers by computing the standardized mean difference ps. RESULTS. 23 studies for qualitative and fifteen for meta-analysis were selected. From fifteen included papers, 22 studies with 35 comparisons were meta-analyzed. Effect sizes for intact animals and impaired animals respectively was (mean g and 95% CI 1.19 [0.74, 1.64; 0.57 [0.19,0.96]. The R. officinalis had positive effect on both groups of animals. The subgroup analyses exhibited substantial unexplained heterogeneity between studies. Mechanisms of R.O was anticholinesterase, procholinergic, antioxidant, anti-amyloid, neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory agent CONCLUSIONS: R.O improves cognitive function. Limitations: Considerable heterogeneity between studies.

The Effectiveness and Safety of Remdesivir for the Treatment of Patients With COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timotius Ivan Hariyanto ◽  
Felix Kwenandar ◽  
Karunia Valeriani Japar ◽  
Vika Damay ◽  
Andree Kurniawan
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Clinical Improvement ◽  
Randomized Trials ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Serious Adverse Events ◽  
Pubmed Central ◽  
Review Manager

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a pandemic disease that has significant implications on the global health burden. Currently, there is no widely accepted pharmacologic treatment for COVID-19. Remdesivir has been shown effective against various types of viruses, including coronaviruses. This study aimed at synthesizing the latest evidence regarding the effectiveness and safety of remdesivir as a potential treatment candidate against COVID-19. Methods: This systematic review has been registered in PROSPERO (CRD42020183707). A systematic search of the literature was conducted in PubMed, PubMed Central, and Google Scholar through June 5th, 2020. Statistical analysis was done by using the Review Manager 5.4 tool. The risk of bias was evaluated using the Revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials (RoB 2) and GRADE analysis was performed to determine the certainty of the evidence. Results: Two studies with a total of 1,300 patients were included. Meta-analysis showed that remdesivir was associated with faster time to clinical improvement (MD -4.75 days; 95% CI -4.84 days to -4.65 days; p < 0.00001), reduction in mortality rate (RR 0.39; 95% CI 0.27 – 0.56; p < 0.00001) and fewer incidence of serious adverse events (RR 0.77; 95% CI 0.63 – 0.94; p = 0.01). GRADE analysis showed a high certainty for serious adverse events and moderate certainty for time to clinical improvement and mortality rate. Conclusion: Remdesivir is more effective and safer compared with standard care of treatment for the treatment of COVID19 because it was associated with faster time to clinical improvement, reduction in mortality rate, and fewer incidence of serious adverse events.

scholarly journals Risk of colectomy after conservative treatment of diverticulitis of the left hemicolon complicated by abdominal or pelvic abscess: protocol of a systematic review and meta-analysis

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. e042350
Author(s):  
Maximilian Sohn ◽  
Ayman Agha ◽  
Igors Iesalnieks ◽  
Anna Tiefes ◽  
Alfred Hochrein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Emergency Surgery ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Acute Diverticulitis ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Pelvic Abscess ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Review Manager

IntroductionAcute diverticulitis of the sigmoid colon is increasingly treated by a non-operative approach. The need for colectomy after recovery from a flare of acute diverticulitis of the left colon, complicated diverticular abscess is still controversial. The primary aim of this study is to assess the risk of interval emergency surgery by systematic review and meta-analysis.Methods and analysisThe systematic review and meta-analysis will be conducted in accordance to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols statement. PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and EMBASE will be screened for the predefined searching term: (Diverticulitis OR Diverticulum) AND (Abscess OR pelvic abscess OR pericolic abscess OR intraabdominal abscess) AND (surgery OR operation OR sigmoidectomy OR drainage OR percutaneous drainage OR conservative therapy OR watchful waiting). All studies published in an English or German-speaking peer-reviewed journal will be suitable for this analysis. Case reports, case series of less than five patients, studies without follow-up information, systematic and non-systematic reviews and meta-analyses will be excluded. Primary endpoint is the rate of interval emergency surgery. Using the Review Manager Software (Review Manager/RevMan, V.5.3, Copenhagen, The Nordic Cochrane Centre, The Cochrane Collaboration, 2012) meta-analysis will be pooled using the Mantel-Haenszel method for random effects. The Risk of Bias in Non-randomized Studies of Interventions tool will be used to assess methodological quality of non-randomised studies. Risk of bias in randomised studies will be assessed using the Cochrane developed RoB 2-tool.Ethics and disseminationAs no new data are being collected, ethical approval is exempt for this study. This systematic review is to provide a new insight on the need for surgical treatment after a first attack of acute diverticulitis, complicated by intra-abdominal or pelvic abscesses. The results of this study will be presented at national and international meetings and published in a peer-reviewed journal.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020164813.

scholarly journals Prevalence of potential respiratory symptoms in survivors of hospital admission after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): A systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 147997312110022
Author(s):  
Kevin Cares-Marambio ◽  
Yessenia Montenegro-Jiménez ◽  
Rodrigo Torres-Castro ◽  
Roberto Vera-Uribe ◽  
Yolanda Torralba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Chest Pain ◽  
Hospital Admission ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Pooled Analysis ◽  
Data Synthesis ◽  
Recent Onset ◽  
Persistent Symptoms

Knowledge on the sequelae of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) remains limited due to the relatively recent onset of this pathology. However, the literature on other types of coronavirus infections prior to COVID-19 reports that patients may experience persistent symptoms after discharge. To determine the prevalence of respiratory symptoms in survivors of hospital admission after COVID-19 infection. A living systematic review of five databases was performed in order to identify studies which reported the persistence of respiratory symptoms in COVID-19 patients after discharge. Two independent researchers reviewed and analysed the available literature, and then extracted and assessed the quality of those articles. Of the 1,154 reports returned by the initial search nine articles were found, in which 1,816 patients were included in the data synthesis. In the pooled analysis, we found a prevalence of 0.52 (CI 0.38–0.66, p < 0.01, I 2 = 97%), 0.37 (CI 0.28–0.48, p < 0.01, I 2 = 93%), 0.16 (CI 0.10–0.23, p < 0.01, I 2 = 90%) and 0.14 (CI 0.06–0.24, p < 0.01, I 2 = 96%) for fatigue, dyspnoea, chest pain, and cough, respectively. Fatigue, dyspnoea, chest pain, and cough were the most prevalent respiratory symptoms found in 52%, 37%, 16% and 14% of patients between 3 weeks and 3 months, after discharge in survivors of hospital admission by COVID-19, respectively.

scholarly journals Association between CYP3A5 Polymorphism and Statin-Induced Adverse Events: A Systemic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 677
Author(s):  
Jeong Yee ◽  
Hamin Kim ◽  
Yunhee Heo ◽  
Ha-Young Yoon ◽  
Gonjin Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Events ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Systemic Review ◽  
Event Risk ◽  
Total Data ◽  
Lipophilic Statin ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Review Manager

Purpose: Cytochrome P450 (CYP) is involved in the metabolism of statins; CYP3A5 is the main enzyme responsible for lipophilic statin metabolism. However, the evidence of the association between CYP3A5*3 polymorphism and the risk of statin-induced adverse events remains unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the relationship between the CYP3A5*3 polymorphism and the risk of statin-induced adverse events. Methods: The PubMed, Web of Science, and EMBASE databases were searched for qualified studies published until August 2020. Observational studies that included the association between statin-induced adverse events and the CYP3A5*3 polymorphism were reviewed. The odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were evaluated to assess the strength of the relationship. The Mantel–Haenszel method was used to provide the pooled ORs. Heterogeneity was estimated with I2 statistics and publication bias was determined by Begg’s and Egger’s test of the funnel plot. Data analysis was performed using Review Manager (version 5.4) and R Studio (version 3.6). Results: In total, data from 8 studies involving 1614 patients were included in this meta-analysis. The CYP3A5*3 polymorphism was found to be associated with the risk of statin-induced adverse events (*3/*3 vs. *1/*1 + *1/*3: OR = 1.40, 95% CI = 1.08–1.82). For myopathy, the pooled OR was 1.30 (95% CI: 0.96–1.75). The subgroup analysis of statin-induced myopathy revealed a trend, which did not achieve statistical significance. Conclusions: This meta-analysis demonstrated that the CYP3A5*3 polymorphism affected statin-induced adverse event risk. Therefore, CYP3A5 genotyping may be useful to predict statin toxicity.

scholarly journals Comparison of the survival outcomes of laparoscopy versus laparotomy in treatment of early-stage ovarian cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingduo Kong ◽  
Hongyi Wei ◽  
Jing Zhang ◽  
Yilin Li ◽  
Yongjun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Overall Survival ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Progression Free Survival ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Survival Outcomes ◽  
Free Survival ◽  
Review Manager ◽  
Early Stage Ovarian Cancer

Abstract Background Laparoscopy has been widely used for patients with early-stage epithelial ovarian cancer (eEOC). However, there is limited evidence regarding whether survival outcomes of laparoscopy are equivalent to those of laparotomy among patients with eEOC. The result of survival outcomes of laparoscopy is still controversial. The aim of this meta-analysis is to analyze the survival outcomes of laparoscopy versus laparotomy in the treatment of eEOC. Methods According to the keywords, Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane Library and Clinicaltrials.gov were searched for studies from January 1994 to January 2021. Studies comparing the efficacy and safety of laparoscopy versus laparotomy for patients with eEOC were assessed for eligibility. Only studies including outcomes of overall survival (OS) were enrolled. The meta-analysis was performed using Stata software (Version 12.0) and Review Manager (Version 5.2). Results A total of 6 retrospective non-random studies were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled results indicated that there was no difference between two approaches for patients with eEOC in OS (HR = 0.6, P = 0.446), progression-free survival (PFS) (HR = 0.6, P = 0.137) and upstaging rate (OR = 1.18, P = 0.54). But the recurrence rate of laparoscopic surgery was lower than that of laparotomic surgery (OR = 0.48, P = 0.008). Conclusions Laparoscopy and laparotomy appear to provide comparable overall survival and progression-free survival outcomes for patients with eEOC. Further high-quality studies are needed to enhance this statement.

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