scholarly journals In Vitro Enamel Remineralization Efficacy of Calcium Silicate-Sodium Phosphate-Fluoride Salts versus NovaMin Bioactive Glass, Following Tooth Whitening

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hatem M. El-Damanhoury ◽  
Nesrine A. Elsahn ◽  
Soumya Sheela ◽  
Talal Bastaty
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Bioactive Glass ◽  
Calcium Silicate ◽  
Sodium Phosphate ◽  
Knoop Hardness ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Fluoride Salts

Abstract Objectives This study aimed to evaluate the effect of in-office bleaching on the enamel surface and the efficacy of calcium silicate-sodium phosphate-fluoride salt (CS) and NovaMin bioactive glass (NM) dentifrice in remineralizing bleached enamel. Materials and Methods Forty extracted premolars were sectioned mesio-distally, and the facial and lingual enamel were flattened and polished. The samples were equally divided into nonbleached and bleached with 38% hydrogen peroxide (HP). Each group was further divided according to the remineralization protocol (n = 10); no remineralization treatment (nontreated), CS, or NM, applied for 3 minutes two times/day for 7 days, or CS combined with NR-5 boosting serum (CS+NR-5) applied for 3 minutes once/day for 3 days. The average Knoop hardness number (KHN) and surface roughness (utilizing atomic force microscopy) were measured. Surface topography/elemental analysis was analyzed by using scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray analysis. All the tests were performed at baseline, after bleaching, and following each remineralization protocol. Data were statistically analyzed by two-way analysis of variance and Bonferroni post hoc multiple comparison tests (α = 0.05). Results HP significantly reduced KHN and increased roughness (p < 0.05). All remineralization materials increased the hardness and reduced the surface roughness after bleaching except NM, which demonstrated significantly increased roughness (p < 0.05). Ca/P ratio decreased after bleaching (p < 0.05), and following treatment, CS and CS+NR-5 exhibited higher remineralization capacity in comparison to NM (p < 0.05). Conclusion Although none of the material tested was able to reverse the negative effect of high-concentration in-office HP on enamel completely, the remineralization efficacy of CS and CS+NR-5 was superior to that of NM.

scholarly journals Tooth discoloration induced by apical plugs with hydraulic calcium silicate-based cements in teeth with open apices—a 2-year in vitro study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralf Krug ◽  
C. Ortmann ◽  
S. Reich ◽  
B. Hahn ◽  
G. Krastl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Silicate ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Color Difference ◽  
Blood Contamination ◽  
Tooth Color ◽  
Color Changes ◽  
Gutta Percha ◽  
Tooth Discoloration ◽  
Post Hoc

Abstract Objectives To assess tooth discoloration induced by different hydraulic calcium silicate-based cements (HCSCs), including effects of blood and placement method. Materials and methods Eighty bovine teeth cut to a length of 18 mm (crown 8 mm, root 10 mm) were randomly assigned to 10 groups (n = 8), receiving orthograde apical plug treatment (APT). Apical plugs were 4 mm in length and made of ProRoot MTA (Dentsply), Medcem MTA (Medcem), TotalFill BC RRM Fast Set Putty (Brasseler), or Medcem Medical Portland Cement (Medcem) plus bismuth oxide (Bi2O3) with and without bovine blood. Further, orthograde (with or without preoperative adhesive coronal dentin sealing) and retrograde APT were compared. Teeth were obturated with gutta-percha and sealer, sealed with composite and stored in distilled water. Tooth color was measured on apical plug, gutta-percha/sealer, and crown surface before treatment versus 24 h, 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 months after treatment by spectrophotometry. Color difference (ΔE) values were calculated and analyzed by Shapiro–Wilk test, ANOVA with post hoc tests, Friedman test, t test, and post hoc tests with Bonferroni correction (α = .05). Results Tooth discoloration occurred in all groups with no significant differences between HCSCs (p > .05). After 24 months, color changes were prominent on roots but insignificant on crowns. Blood contamination induced a significantly decreased luminescence (p < .05). Blood had a stronger impact on tooth color than Bi2O3. No relevant effects of retrograde placement (p > .05) or preoperative dentin sealing (p > .05) were detected. Conclusions Apical plugs of the tested HCSCs cause discoloration of bovine roots, but not discoloration of bovine tooth crowns within a 24-month period. Clinical relevance APT should be performed carefully while avoiding direct contact with the coronal dentin, and in that case no aesthetic impairments occur.

scholarly journals Impact of refrigeration on the surface hardness of hybrid and microfilled composite resins

2009 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Henrique Ruppel Osternack ◽  
Danilo Biazzetto de Menezes Caldas ◽  
Rodrigo Nunes Rached ◽  
Sérgio Vieira ◽  
Jeffrey A. Platt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Surface Hardness ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Knoop Hardness ◽  
Composite Resins ◽  
Bottom Surface ◽  
Steel Mold ◽  
Polymerization Condition ◽  
Post Hoc

This in vitro study evaluated the Knoop hardness of the composite resins Charisma® (C) and Durafill VS® (D) polymerized in 3 different conditions: at room temperature (A) (23 ± 1°C); refrigerated at 4 ± 1°C and immediately photo-activated after removal from the refrigerator (0); and, refrigerated at 4 ± 1°C and photo-activated after a bench time of 15 min at room temperature (15). One hundred and twenty specimens (4 mm diameter and 2 mm depth) were made using a stainless steel mold and following manufacturer's instructions. All specimens were tested immediately after polymerization (I) and after 7 days of water storage in the dark at room temperature (7d). The data were subjected to ANOVA and post-hoc Tukey's test (a=0.05). On the top surface, CAI was statistically similar to C15I and DAI to D15I (p>0.05). On the bottom surface, CAI presented higher hardness values when compared to COI and C15I (p<0.05). The D groups showed no significant differences (p>0.05) on the bottom surfaces for any tested polymerization condition. After 7 days of storage, the Knoop hardness decreased significantly (p<0.05) for groups C7d and D7d except for C07d, which was not different from COI at either surface (p>0.05). D07d showed higher Knoop hardness (p<0.05) values on the top surface when compared to the other groups.

scholarly journals The Effect of the Bioactive Glass and the Er:YAG Laser on the Remineralization of the Affected Dentin: A Comparative In Vitro Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-166
Author(s):  
Mohammad Javad Moghaddas ◽  
Horieh Moosavi ◽  
Sara Yaghoubirad ◽  
Nasim Chiniforush
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Glass ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dentinal Tubule ◽  
Glass Ionomer ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Caries Lesions ◽  
Cavity Floor

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of the bioactive glass, the glass ionomer, and the Erbium YAG laser as liners on the remineralization of the affected dentin. Methods: The present study was conducted on 64 healthy extracted human molars divided into 4 groups, 1 control group and 3 experimental groups. After artificially inducing dentinal caries lesions, each of the experimental groups was applied to the cavity floor and then restored with a composite. The samples were stored after thermocycling in an incubator for two months. Finally, the hardness of the cavity floor was measured at 3 depths of 20, 50 and 100 μm by the Vickers microhardness tester. The dentin conditions underneath the liners were also evaluated with FESEM. Statistical analysis was performed by two-way ANOVA and the post-hoc Games-Howell test (P<0.05). Results: Among the groups, the lowest microhardness value was in the control group (P<0.05) except at a depth of 100 μm; therefore, there was no significant difference between the control group and the bioactive glass (P>0.05). The laser group had the highest microhardness value, which was significantly different from the control group (P<0.05). There was a significant difference between the laser and bioactive glass (P<0.05), except at a depth of 20 μm. The laser and glass ionomer had only a significant difference at a depth of 100 μm (P<0.05). The microhardness value induced by glass ionomer was higher than bioactive glass, which in no depth was significant (P>0.05). Partial dentinal tubule occlusion was observed with FESEM in each of the experimental groups as compared to the control group. Conclusion: The microhardness values were higher in all groups than in the control group. The laser might be more successful in remineralization than the other ones.

scholarly journals Influence of Fluoride Concentration and pH Value of 35% Hydrogen Peroxide on the Hardness, Roughness and Morphology of Bovine Enamel

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 392-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilcilene Costa Nascimento ◽  
Yasmin do Socorro Batista de Lima Gomes ◽  
Larissa Dias Alexandrino ◽  
Hilton Tulio Costi ◽  
José Otávio Carrera Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Fluoride Concentration ◽  
Knoop Hardness ◽  
Scanning Electron Micrographs ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Acidic Group ◽  
Bovine Enamel

ABSTRACT Aim The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effects of different sodium fluoride (NaF) concentrations and pH values on the Knoop hardness (KHN), surface roughness (SR), and morphology of bovine incisors bleached with 35% hydrogen peroxide (HP). Materials and methods Sixty-five bovine incisors were fragmented (5 mm2 × 2 mm) and distributed in 5 groups: Control (unbleached), Low NaF/Acidic (35% HP + 1.3% NaF, pH 5.5), Low NaF/Neutral (35% HP + 1.3% NaF, pH 7.0), High NaF/ Acidic (35% HP + 2% NaF, pH 5.5), and High NaF/Neutral (35% HP + 2% NaF, pH 7.0). KHN analysis was performed with a microhardness tester under a load of 25 gf for 5 seconds. The average SR was obtained with a rugosimeter. KHN and SR were analyzed before and after treatments. For morphological analysis, specimens were dehydrated and gold-sputtered, and scanning electron micrographs were obtained and analyzed by 3 examiners with a double-blinded technique. KHN and SR results were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey's test (p < 0.05). Results Only the Low NaF/Acidic and Low NaF/Neutral groups showed significant differences between the initial and final KHN values. All bleached groups presented significant differences between the initial and final SR values. Among the bleached groups, the least and most morphological changes were shown by the High NaF/Neutral and the Low NaF/Acidic group, respectively. Conclusion Treatment with 35% HP and 2% NaF at pH 7.0 promoted the least changes in morphology, hardness and roughness among the bleached groups. Clinical significance In-office bleaching with high-concentration HP and 2% NaF at neutral pH promoted the least changes in enamel hardness, SR, and morphology compared to other treatments. How to cite this article Nascimento WC, Gomes YSBL, Alexandrino LD, Costi HT, Silva JOC Jr, Silva CM. Influence of Fluoride Concentration and pH Value of 35% Hydrogen Peroxide on the Hardness, Roughness and Morphology of Bovine Enamel. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(4):392-398.

In Vitro Evaluation of Surface Properties and Wear Resistance of Conventional and Bulk-fill Resin-based Composites After Brushing With a Dentifrice

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 637-647 ◽  
Author(s):  
CAK Shimokawa ◽  
M Giannini ◽  
CB André ◽  
BO Sahadi ◽  
JJ Faraoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Weak Correlation ◽  
Surface Loss ◽  
Roughness Profile ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Post Hoc

SUMMARY Objectives: This study evaluated the effect of toothbrushing with a dentifrice on gloss, roughness profile, surface roughness, and wear of conventional and bulk-fill resin-based composites. Methods and Materials: Gloss and surface roughness of resin-based composites (RBCs; Admira Fusion X-tra, Aura Bulk Fill, Filtek Bulk Fill Flowable, Filtek Bulk Fill Posterior Restorative, Filtek Supreme Ultra, Herculite Ultra, Mosaic Enamel, SDR flow+, Sonic Fill 2, Tetric EvoFlow Bulk Fill and Tetric EvoCeram Bulk Fill) were analyzed before and after brushing; the roughness profile and wear were also determined after toothbrushing. Representative three-dimensional images of the surface loss and images comparing the unbrushed and brushed surfaces were also compared. Analysis of variance and Tukey post hoc tests were applied (α=0.05) to the gloss, surface roughness, roughness profile, and surface loss data. Pearson's correlation test was used to determine the correlation between gloss and surface roughness, surface loss and percentage of gloss decrease after brushing, and surface loss and surface roughness after brushing. Results: For all RBCs tested after 20,000 brushing cycles, the gloss was reduced and the surface roughness increased (p&lt;0.05). However, the roughness profile and the amount of surface loss were dependent on the RBC brand. Admira Fusion X-tra, Aura, Tetric EvoCeram Bulk Fill, and Tetric EvoFlow Bulk Fill showed the deepest areas of wear (p&lt;0.05). A significant negative correlation was found between gloss and surface roughness, and a weak correlation was found between the decrease in gloss and the extent of surface loss, and any increase in surface roughness and the surface loss. Conclusions: Toothbrushing with a dentifrice reduced the gloss, increased the surface roughness, and caused loss at the surface of all the RBCs tested. Considering all the properties tested, Mosaic Enamel exhibited excellent gloss retention and a low roughness profile and wear, while Admira Fusion X-tra exhibited the greatest decrease in gloss, the highest roughness profile, and the most wear.

scholarly journals In vitro dentine tubule occlusion by a novel toothpaste containing calcium silicate and sodium phosphate

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 100024
Author(s):  
Haoze Li ◽  
Weining Liu ◽  
Huan-Jun Zhou ◽  
Yuekui Sun ◽  
Meili Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Silicate ◽  
Sodium Phosphate ◽  
Dentine Tubule ◽  
Tubule Occlusion

The Effects of Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Antagonist RGDS on Platelet Aggregation and Release Reaction In Vitro.

Blood ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 108 (11) ◽  
pp. 3908-3908
Author(s):  
Shuangfeng Xie ◽  
Songmei Yin ◽  
Danian Nie ◽  
Yiqing Li ◽  
Xiuju Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Platelet Adhesion ◽  
Adenosine Diphosphate ◽  
Platelet Glycoprotein ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Release Reaction ◽  
Dense Granules ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Platelet Release

Abstract Platelet activation, including platelet adhesion, platelet aggregation and platelet release reaction, played an important role in thrombogenesis. We all knew that Platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa antagonist was the most effective drug for anti-aggregation, while we don’t know clearly its effect on platelet release reaction and the relations between its effects on platelet aggregation and release reaction. Platelet release reactions included α-granules and dense granules releasing. When α-granules were released, its membrane glycoprotein CD62p was expressed in the platelet membrane. We used the CD62p expression as the index of platelet release reaction. In the current study, the 4-peptides RGDS (Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser) was used as glycoprotein IIb/IIIa antagonist. We detected the effects of RGDS on platelet aggregation and CD62p expression induced by adenosine diphosphate (ADP) (finial concentration, 5μmol/L) in vitro. 50, 100, 200, 400 and 800μmol/L RGDS were used separately in the test. RGDS of each concentration could significantly inhibited maximal platelet aggregation (PAG(M)) induced by ADP, the 50% inhibiting concentration was approximately 200μmol/L. 800μmol/L RGDS could inhibited PAG(M) by 80.48±8.18%. Only ≥200μmol/L RGDS could significantly inhibited platelet CD62p expression. 800μmol/L RGDS could inhibit platelet CD62p expression by 27.31±9.74%. The inhibiting effect of RGDS on PAG(M) and platelet CD62p expression had significantly correlation (r =0.976, P<0.05). These results indicated that RGDS in low concentration (<200μmol) had little negative effect on platelet release reaction induced by ATP, while in relatively high concentration (≥200μmol) RGDS could inhibit platelet release reaction. When RGDS concentrations were same its effect on platelet release reaction was much less than that on platelet aggregation, which indicated that platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa compound could only partly participated in the platelet release reaction but fully participated in platelet aggregation induced by ADP.

Fluoride dentifrice containing calcium silicate and sodium phosphate salts on dental erosion: In vitro study

2020 ◽  
Vol 118 ◽  
pp. 104857
Author(s):  
Isabelly de Carvalho Leal ◽  
Wlhadya Kaenny De Freitas Costa ◽  
Vanara Florêncio Passos
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Silicate ◽  
Sodium Phosphate ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Dental Erosion ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Fluoride Dentifrice ◽  
Phosphate Salts

scholarly journals Influence of Zirconia-Coated Bioactive Glass on Gingival Fibroblast Behavior

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 333-341
Author(s):  
Suelen Aline de Lima Barros ◽  
Diana Gabriela Soares ◽  
Maria Luísa Leite ◽  
Fernanda Gonçalves Basso ◽  
Carlos Alberto de Souza Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Free Energy ◽  
Thermal Treatment ◽  
Bioactive Glass ◽  
Gingival Fibroblast ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Bioactive Coating ◽  
Collagen Expression ◽  
And Migration

Abstract The objective of this study was the development of a bioactive glass coating on zirconia (Zr) to modulate the gingival fibroblast phenotype. For this purpose, Biosilicate® (BS) particles in a water/isopropyl alcohol (1:1) vehicle (6 mg/mL) were applied to zirconia discs followed by thermal treatment at 1100 °C for 20 min. The surface topography (SEM), chemical composition (EDX), surface roughness (Ra; confocal microscopy), surface free energy (goniometry), and color alteration (UV-vis spectrophotometry) were assessed (n=6). Thereafter, L929 fibroblasts were seeded onto Zr and Zr+BS discs, and cell proliferation (Alamar Blue; n=6), morphology (SEM; n=2), migration (wound healing; n=4), and collagen synthesis (Sirius Red; n=6) were evaluated up to 7 days. Data were analyzed by ANOVA/Tukey tests (a=5%). A homogeneous coating consisting of Si, Na, O, and Ca was detected on the Zr surface after thermal treatment with BS, which led to a significant increase in surface roughness and free energy (p<0.05). No change in color parameters was observed (p>0.05). Cells seeded on the Zr+BS surface featured increased proliferation, collagen expression, and migration capability in comparison with those cultured on plain Zr (p<0.05). SEM images revealed that cell spreading occurred faster in the presence of BS. Therefore, it was concluded that thermal treatment of the Zr surface with BS led to the deposition of a bioactive coating, which induced gingival fibroblast spread, proliferation, migration, and collagen expression in vitro.

scholarly journals Shear bond strength evaluation of metallic brackets bonded to a CAD/CAM PMMA material compared to traditional prosthetic temporary materials: an in vitro study

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 31-38
Author(s):  
Gonzalo Andrés Garcés ◽  
Victor Hugo Rojas ◽  
Cristian Bravo ◽  
Camila S. Sampaio
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Surface Treatment ◽  
Shear Bond Strength ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Insufficient Information ◽  
Adhesive Remnant Index ◽  
Cad Cam ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Post Hoc

ABSTRACT Introduction: Orthodontic treatment for adults is currently increasing, and therefore the need to bond brackets to restorations and temporary crowns. The use of CAD/CAM PMMA provisional restorations for orthodontic purposes have not yet been described, and there is currently insufficient information regarding the strength of bracket adhesion. Objective: This study aimed at evaluating the effects of thermocycling (TC) and surface treatment on shear bond strength (SBS) of brackets to different provisional materials. Methods: Forty specimens were made from each material [PMMA (Telio Lab), bis-acryl (Telio CS C&B), and PMMA CAD/CAM (Telio CAD)], sandpapered, and divided according to surface treatment (pumiced or sandblasted) and TC (half of the samples = 1,000 cycles, 5°C/55°C water baths) (n = 10/group). Stainless-steel brackets were bonded to the specimens (using Transbond XT), and SBS testing was performed. Data were analyzed by three-way ANOVA and LSD post-hoc tests (α = 0.05). Failure types were classified with adhesive remnant index (ARI) scores. Results: SBS values ranged from 1.5 to 14.9 MPa. Sandblasted bis-acryl and sandblasted auto-curing PMMA groups presented similar values (p> 0.05), higher than the CAD/CAM material (p< 0.05), with or without TC. When thermocycled, pumiced bis-acryl showed higher SBS than pumiced acrylic (p= 0.005) and CAD/CAM materials (p= 0.000), with statistical difference (p= 0.009). TC showed negative effect (p< 0.05) for sandblasted bis-acryl and pumiced acrylic groups. ARI predominant score was mostly zero (0) for CAD/CAM, 1 and 2 for bis-acryl, and 1 for acrylic groups. Conclusion: In general, bis-acryl material showed the highest SBS values, followed by acrylic and CAD/CAM materials, which showed SBS values lower than an optimum strength for bonding brackets.

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