Citral Containing Essential Oils as Potential Tyrosinase Inhibitors: a bio-guided fractionation approach to investigate the additive and/or synergistic contribution of minor compounds

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Sgorbini ◽  
Francesca Capetti ◽  
Cecilia Cagliero ◽  
Arianna Marengo ◽  
Giulia Mastellone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Tyrosinase Inhibitors ◽  
Minor Compounds

scholarly journals Unraveling the selective antibacterial activity and chemical composition of citrus essential oils

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen M. S. Ambrosio ◽  
Natália Y. Ikeda ◽  
Alberto C. Miano ◽  
Erick Saldaña ◽  
Andrea M. Moreno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus ◽  
Normal Growth ◽  
Lag Phase ◽  
Beneficial Bacteria ◽  
Phase Duration ◽  
Minor Compounds

AbstractPost-weaning diarrhea (PWD) is an often disease affecting piglets. It is caused mainly by enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) colonization in pig gut. Antibiotics has been used to prevent, combat and control PWD and its negative impact on the productivity of pig breeding sector. Nonetheless, antibiotics due to their wide antibacterial spectrum also can reach beneficial gut bacteria, such as Lactobacillus. Lately, essential oils (EOs) have emerged as a potential alternative to using antibiotics in animal breeding because of their effect on bacterial growth. Commonly, citrus EOs are by-products of food industry and the availability of these EOs in the worldwide market is huge. Thus, six commercials citrus EOs were evaluated on ETEC strains, as model of pathogenic bacteria, and on Lactobacillus species, as models of beneficial bacteria. In overall, citrus EOs exhibited a selective antibacterial activity with higher effect on pathogenic bacteria (ETECs) than beneficial bacteria (Lactobacillus). Brazilian orange terpenes (BOT) oil presented the highest selective performance and caused higher disturbances on the normal growth kinetic of ETEC than on Lactobacillus rhamnosus. The action was dose-dependent on the maximal culture density (A) and the lag phase duration (λ) of the ETEC. The highest sub-inhibitory concentration (0.925 mg/mL) extended the λ duration to ETEC eight times (14.6 h) and reduced A in 55.9%. For L. rhamnosus, the λ duration was only extended 1.6 times. Despite the fact that limonene was detected as the major compound, the selective antibacterial activity of the citrus EOs could not be exclusively attributed to limonene since the presence of minor compounds could be implicated in conferring this feature.

scholarly journals A Chemical Marker Proposal for the Lantana genus: Composition of the Essential Oils from the Leaves of Lantana radula and L. canescens

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1000500
Author(s):  
José G. Sena Filho ◽  
Haroudo S. Xavier ◽  
José M. Barbosa Filho ◽  
Jennifer M. Duringer
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
The Other ◽  
Chemical Markers ◽  
Chemical Marker ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Minor Compounds ◽  
Prior Analysis

Essential oil extracts from the leaves of two Lantana species ( L. radula Sw. and L. canescens Kunth), for which no prior analysis has been reported, were analyzed by GC-MS. This information was utilized to propose chemical markers for Lantana species so that identification between physically similar plant species can be achieved through chemical analysis. Results showed 33 constituents for L. canescens, among which β-caryophyllene (43.9%), β-cubebene (10.1%), elixene (8.6%), β-phellandrene (6.1%), α-caryophyllene (2.6%) and dehydro-aromadendrene (2.6%) were the principle components. L. radula revealed the presence of 21 compounds, the most abundant of which were β-cubebene (31.0%), β-caryophyllene (20.8%), elixene (10.0%), α-salinene (6.4%), β-phellandrene (6.1%), copaene (4.9%) cadinene (1.4%) and psi-limonene (1.4%). The high concentration of β-caryophyllene in the samples tested here and those in the literature make it a good candidate for a chemical marker for Lantana species, with β-cubebene, elixene and β-phellandrene following as minor compounds identified more sporadically in this genus. On the other hand, Lippia species, which are morphologically similar to those from the Lantana genus, would contain limonene, citral, carvacrol, β-myrcene, camphor and thymol as the main chemical markers. These chemical markers would be a powerful tool for maintaining quality control in the extraction of essential oils for use in medicinal applications, as well as in identification of plant specimens to a taxonomist.

scholarly journals Chemotaxonomic Evaluation by Volatolomics Analysis of Fifty-Two Genotypes of Myrtus communis L.

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1288
Author(s):  
Marianna Usai ◽  
Mauro Marchetti ◽  
Nicola Culeddu ◽  
Maurizio Mulas
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Calcareous Soils ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Essential Oil Composition ◽  
Myrtus Communis ◽  
Oil Composition ◽  
Myrtus Communis L ◽  
Leaf Essential Oil ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Minor Compounds

A population of 52 genotypes of Myrtle (Myrtus communis L.), selected in the framework of a domestication program and growing in the same collection field at Oristano (Central Western Sardinia, 39°54′ N 8°35′ E), was analyzed by GC/MS for leaf essential oil composition. The chemical composition of essential oils was quite variable with a number of compounds ranging from 31 to 78 depending on cultivar. One hundred and eighteen compounds were globally identified in the various genotypes. However, α-pinene, limonene, 1,8-cineole, α-terpineol, and linalool always resulted as main components with few differences among samples. Minor compounds have been the determining factors in differentiating or associating genotypes in the outputs of a principal component analysis (PCA), where the results of another analysis of fruit essential oils of the same genotypes were also jointly used. Genotypes were discriminated according to mother plant characterization or ecological variables, such as site altitude, soil nature, and presence or absence of calcareous soils in the substrate of the localities of origin.

Lavender and peppermint essential oils as effective mushroom tyrosinase inhibitors: a basic study

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 441-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Fiocco ◽  
Daniela Fiorentino ◽  
Laura Frabboni ◽  
Stefania Benvenuti ◽  
Giulia Orlandini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Mushroom Tyrosinase ◽  
Basic Study ◽  
Tyrosinase Inhibitors

scholarly journals Citral-Containing Essential Oils as Potential Tyrosinase Inhibitors: A Bio-Guided Fractionation Approach

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 969
Author(s):  
Francesca Capetti ◽  
Massimo Tacchini ◽  
Arianna Marengo ◽  
Cecilia Cagliero ◽  
Carlo Bicchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Litsea Cubeba ◽  
Whitening Agent ◽  
Solar Lentigo ◽  
Tyrosinase Inhibitors ◽  
Cymbopogon Schoenanthus ◽  
Bio Assay

Excessive melanin production causes serious dermatological conditions as well as minor aesthetic problems (i.e., freckles and solar lentigo). The downregulation of tyrosinase is a widespread approach for the treatment of such disorders, and plant extracts have often proven to be valuable sources of tyrosinase inhibitors. Citral (a mixture of neral and geranial) is an important fragrance ingredient that has shown anti-tyrosinase potential. It is highly concentrated in the essential oils (EOs) of Cymbopogon schoenanthus (L.) Spreng., Litsea cubeba (Lour.) Pers., Melissa officinalis L., and Verbena officinalis L. However, only L. cubeba EO has been investigated for use as a potential skin-whitening agent. This work evaluates the in vitro tyrosinase inhibitory activity of these EOs and studies, using bio-assay oriented fractionation, whether their differing chemical compositions influence the overall EO inhibitory activities via possible synergistic, additive, and/or competitive interactions between EOs components. The inhibitory activity of C. schoenanthus EO and that of M. officinalis EOs, with negligible (+)-citronellal amounts, were in-line with their citral content. On the other hand, L. cubeba and V. officinalis EOs inhibited tyrosinase to considerably greater extents as they contained β-myrcene, which contributed to the overall EO activities. Similar observations were made for M. officinalis EO, which bears high (+)-citronellal content which increased citral activity.

scholarly journals Essential Oils Extracted from Organic Propolis Residues: An Exploratory Analysis of Their Antibacterial and Antioxidant Properties and Volatile Profile

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (15) ◽  
pp. 4694
Author(s):  
Natália Y. Ikeda ◽  
Carmen M. S. Ambrosio ◽  
Alberto Claudio Miano ◽  
Pedro L. Rosalen ◽  
Eduardo M. Gloria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Volatile Profile ◽  
Pig Production ◽  
Industrial Processing ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Minor Compounds

The industrial processing of crude propolis generates residues. Essential oils (EOs) from propolis residues could be a potential source of natural bioactive compounds to replace antibiotics and synthetic antioxidants in pig production. In this study, we determined the antibacterial/antioxidant activity of EOs from crude organic propolis (EOP) and from propolis residues, moist residue (EOMR), and dried residue (EODR), and further elucidated their chemical composition. The EOs were extracted by hydrodistillation, and their volatile profile was tentatively identified by GC-MS. All EOs had an antibacterial effect on Escherichia coli and Lactobacillus plantarum as they caused disturbances on the growth kinetics of both bacteria. However, EODR had more selective antibacterial activity, as it caused a higher reduction in the maximal culture density (D) of E. coli (86.7%) than L. plantarum (46.9%). EODR exhibited mild antioxidant activity, whereas EOMR showed the highest antioxidant activity (ABTS = 0.90 μmol TE/mg, FRAP = 463.97 μmol Fe2+/mg) and phenolic content (58.41 mg GAE/g). Each EO had a different chemical composition, but α-pinene and β-pinene were the major compounds detected in the samples. Interestingly, specific minor compounds were detected in a higher relative amount in EOMR and EODR as compared to EOP. Therefore, these minor compounds are most likely responsible for the biological properties of EODR and EOMR. Collectively, our findings suggest that the EOs from propolis residues could be resourcefully used as natural antibacterial/antioxidant additives in pig production.

scholarly journals Composición química y contenido de fenoles totales en aceites esenciales de muña Minthostachys setosa Briq Epl y anís Pimpinella anísum L.

2019 ◽  
pp. 107-111
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Volatile Compounds ◽  
Food Preparation ◽  
Natural Antioxidant ◽  
Total Phenols ◽  
Pimpinella Anisum ◽  
Minor Compounds

Composición química y contenido de fenoles totales en aceites esenciales de muña Minthostachys setosa Briq Epl y anís Pimpinella anísum L. Chemical composition and total phenols of essential oils from muña Minthostachys setosa Briq EPL and anise Pimpinella anisum L. Guadalupe Chaquilla Quilca, Waldir D. Estela Escalante, Vinicio Torres Muñoz, María de Lourdes Ballinas Casarrubias, María Guadalupe Gastélum Franco, Gpe. Virginia Nevárez-Moorillón Universidad Nacional Micaela Bastidas de Apurímac, Facultad de Ingeniería, EAP Ing. Agroindustrial. Av. Arenas 121 Abancay, Apurímac Perú. Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Circuito Universitario s/n, Nuevo Campus Universitario 31125 Chihuahua, Chih. México. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33017/RevECIPeru2011.0031/ RESUMEN Se ha determinado la composición química y el contenido de fenoles totales de los aceites esenciales extraídos de la muña (Minthostachys setosa Briq Epl) y anís (Pimpinella anísum L.) provenientes de la región Apurímac, Perú. Los análisis de GC-MS han reportado para el caso de la muña la presencia de 18 diferentes compuestos volátiles entre ellos isomentona 39%, pulegona 32%, isopulegona 6% y timol 5% principalmente. En el caso del anís se encontró principalmente anetol, 96% y otros componentes en menor cantidad. El contenido de fenoles totales se ha determinado por el método de Folin Ciocalteu y expresados como mg de ácido gálico/g aceite esencial. Los resultados obtenidos reportaron valores de 253.65 mg y 73.50 mg de ácido gálico/g de aceite para muña y anís respectivamente. A partir de estos resultados el aceite esencial de muña presenta una mejor actividad antioxidante y podría ser utilizado como antioxidante natural en la elaboración de alimentos. Descriptores: actividad antioxidante, fenoles totales, anís, muña. ABSTRACT The chemical composition and the content of total phenols present in essential oils extracted from muña (Minthostachys setosa Briq Epl) and anise (Pimpinella anísum L.) collected in the Apurimac region, Perú were determined. Analyses of GC-MS of the essential oil of muña has reported the presence of about 18 different volatile compounds such as isomentona 39%, pulegona 32%, isomentona 6% and timol 5%, whereas in case of anise it has been detected mainly anetol 96% and other minor compounds. The content of total phenols in samples was determined by the method of Folin Ciocalteu and expressed as mg gálic acid/g essential oil. Results showed that the content of total phenols in muña and anise were 253.65 mg y 73.50 mg gálic acid/g oil respectively. From these results, the essential oil of muña shows a better antioxidant activity and it could be used as a natural antioxidant in food preparation. Keywords: antioxidant activity, total phenols, anise, muña.

scholarly journals Chemotaxonomical Markers in Essential Oil of Murraya Koenigii

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1200701 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thilahgavani Nagappan ◽  
Perumal Ramasamy ◽  
Charles Santhanaraju Vairappan
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Caryophyllene Oxide ◽  
Murraya Koenigii ◽  
Volatile Metabolites ◽  
Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Minor Compounds

The composition of the essential oils of Murraya koenigii(L.) Spreng, cultivated at six locations in Peninsula Malaysia and Borneo are presented. The oils were obtained from fresh leaves by hydrodistillation and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS); 61 compounds were identified, of which eleven were present in all the specimens analyzed. The two major volatile metabolites were identified as β-caryophyllene (16.6-26.6%) and α-humulene (15.2-26.7%) along with nine minor compounds identified as β-elemene (0.3-1.3%), aromadendrene (0.5-1.5%), β-selinene (3.8-6.5%), spathulenol (0.6-2.7%), caryophyllene oxide (0.7-3.6%), viridiflorol (1.5-5.5%), 2-naphthalenemethanol (0.7-4.8%), trivertal (0.1-1.0%) and juniper camphor (2.6-8.3%). The results suggest that β-caryophyllene and α-humulene could be used as chemotaxonomical markers for Malaysian M. koenigii, hence these specimens could be of the same stock and different from the ones in India, Thailand and China.

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