scholarly journals Peak velocity and its time limit are as good as the velocity associated with VO2max for training prescription in runners

2017 ◽  
Vol 01 (01) ◽  
pp. E8-E15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Manoel ◽  
Danilo da Silva ◽  
Jorge Lima ◽  
Fabiana Machado
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Endurance Training ◽  
Peak Velocity ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Maximum Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Time Limit ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Endurance Runners ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Study Participants

AbstractThis study compared the effects of 4 weeks of training prescribed by peak velocity (Vpeak) or velocity associated with maximum oxygen uptake (vVO2max) in moderately trained endurance runners. Study participants were 14 runners (18–35 years) randomized into 2 groups, named group VO2 (GVO2) and group Vpeak (GVP). The GVO2 had training prescribed by vVO2max and its time limit (tlim), whereas the GVP had training prescribed by Vpeak and its tlim. Four tests were performed on a treadmill: 2 maximum incremental for Vpeak and vVO2max and 2 for their tlim. Performance (10 km) was evaluated on a 400 m track. Evaluations were repeated after 4 weeks of endurance training. The results showed a significant effect of training on Vpeak [GVP (16.7±1.2–17.6±1.5 km.h−1), GVO2 (17.1±1.9–17.7±1.6 km·h−1)]; vVO2max [GVP (16.4±1.4–17.0±1.3 km·h−1), GVO2 (17.2±1.7–17.5±1.9 km·h−1)]; and 10 km performance [GVP (41.3±2.4–39.9±2.7 min), GVO2 (40.1±3.4–39.2±2.9 min)]. The Vpeak highly correlated with performance in both pre- and post-training in GVP (–0.97;–0.86) and GVO2 (–0.95;–0.94), as well as with vVO2max in GVP (–0.82;–0.88) and GVO2 (–0.99; –0.98). It is concluded that training prescribed by Vpeak promoted similar improvements compared to training prescribed by vVO2max. The use of Vpeak is recommended due to its practical application and the low cost of determination.

scholarly journals Physiological Responses During the Time Limit at 100% of the Peak Velocity in the Carminatti’s Test in Futsal Players

2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leandro Teixeira Floriano ◽  
Juliano Fernandes da Silva ◽  
Anderson Santiago Teixeira ◽  
Paulo Cesar do Nascimento Salvador ◽  
Naiandra Dittrich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Peak Velocity ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Maximum Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Time Limit ◽  
Maximal Heart Rate ◽  
Limit Test ◽  
Maximal Aerobic Speed ◽  
Treadmill Protocol

Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate the physiological responses during the time limit at the intensity of the peak velocity of the Carminatti’s test (T-CAR). Ten professional futsal players (age, 27.4 ± 5.8 years, body mass, 78.8 ± 8.5 kg, body height, 175.8 ± 6.8 cm, body fat mass, 14.1 ± 2.6%) took part in the study. The players performed three tests, with an interval of at least 48 hours, as follows: the T-CAR to determine the peak velocity and the maximal heart rate; an incremental treadmill protocol to determine the maximal physiological responses; and a time limit running test at the peak velocity reached in the T-CAR. During the last two tests, a portable gas analyzer was used for direct measurement of cardiorespiratory variables. It was shown that the peak velocity was not significantly different from the maximal aerobic speed achieved in the laboratory (p = 0.213). All athletes reached their maximum oxygen uptake during the time limit test. The maximum oxygen uptake achieved during the time limit test was not different from that observed in the laboratory condition (51.1 ± 4.7 vs. 49.6 ± 4.7 ml·kg-1·min-1, respectively, p = 0.100). In addition, Bland and Altman plots evidenced acceptable agreement between them. On average, athletes took ~140 s to achieve maximum oxygen uptake and maintained it for ~180 s. Therefore, the peak velocity intensity can be used as an indicator of maximal aerobic power of futsal athletes and the time limit can be used as a reference for training prescription.

Human Gastrin and Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide Responses to Endurance Running in Relation to Training Status and Fluid Ingested

1995 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. P. MacLaren ◽  
N. M. Raine ◽  
A. M. O'Connor ◽  
K. D. Buchanan
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Maximum Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Plasma Gastrin ◽  
Fluid Ingestion ◽  
Hockey Players ◽  
Endurance Runners ◽  
Intestinal Polypeptide

1. Plasma concentrations of gastrin, glucose, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide and non-esterified fatty acid were analysed in six male endurance runners and six male hockey players before, during and 15 min after 90 min treadmill running at 65% maximum oxygen uptake under two conditions: no fluid ingestion (trial A) and ingestion of 8% maltodextrin solution (trial B). 2. Exercise resulted in significantly elevated plasma gastrin concentrations compared with resting values in both groups after trial A (endurance runners, 69.4 ng/l; hockey players 71.4 ng/l) and trial B (endurance runners, 105.5 ng/l; hockey players, 83.2 ng/l). The gastrin response was not significantly different between the trials. 3. Plasma vasoactive intestinal polypeptide levels increased significantly beyond resting levels for both groups during trial A (endurance runners, 76.1 ± 53.7 ng/l; hockey players 155.6 ± 41.9 ng/l) and trial B (endurance runners 47.5 ± 21.3 ng/l; hockey players 132.9 ± 43.9 ng/l). The vasoactive intestinal polypeptide response to trial B was significantly attenuated compared with trial A. 4. There were no significant differences between endurance runners and hockey players for plasma gastrin, although hockey players produced significantly elevated concentrations of plasma vasoactive intestinal polypeptide after both trials compared with endurance runners. 5. Plasma glucose levels throughout trial B were significantly greater than after trial A irrespective of the group. Plasma glucose concentrations were not significantly different between endurance runners and hockey players. 6. Plasma non-esterified fatty acid concentrations rose significantly for both groups throughout exercise. Trial B resulted in an attenuated non-esterified fatty acid response compared with trial A. 7. No significant relationships were identifed between metabolite and gastrointestinal hormone concentrations, or between maximum oxygen uptake and the hormonal response to exercise. 8. These results highlight the attenuating role of carbohydrate fluid ingestion and level of aerobic fitness in the responses of plasma vasoactive intestinal polypeptide during prolonged exercise, whereas plasma gastrin is not significantly affected by either.

scholarly journals Producing In Situ Data From a Distance With Mobile Instant Messaging Interviews (MIMIs): Examples From the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 160940692110296
Author(s):  
Katja Kaufmann ◽  
Corinna Peil ◽  
Tabea Bork-Hüffer
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Instant Messaging ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Direct Access ◽  
Communication Studies ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Short Term ◽  
In Situ Data ◽  
Study Participants

Researching people in their chaotic and complex everyday lives is challenging for researchers at any time but especially during the application of social distancing measures. In this article, we make the case for the methodical potential of mobile messengers such as WhatsApp for qualitative mobile in situ research. We exemplify the productive use of the Mobile Instant Messaging Interview (MIMI), a research method developed by Kaufmann and Peil in 2020, to study participants’ everyday life in real-time. Based on two case studies from geography and communication studies conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic, we expound our experiences in the practical application of the MIMI approach and give recommendations. We conclude that MIMIs are a low-cost, easily feasible and short-term implemented approach for research interests across disciplines and possessing great potential for exceptional circumstances like the COVID-19 pandemic. They allow direct access to the practices and experiences of people in situ and in real-time that would otherwise stay hidden and inaccessible to social sciences. The method is suitable for research projects of any size, and can be applied as part of multi- and mixed methods designs and as well for longitudinal designs. Nonetheless, the MIMIs have to be well prepared, demand smart ways of nudging participants into elaborating their responses and require careful coordination between larger teams of researchers.

LATE-BREAKING ABSTRACT: Maximum oxygen uptake (maxVO2) during a 6-minute step test (6-MST) in healthy people: Validation of a low cost exercise test

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgios Chrisoherakis ◽  
Ilias Karabinos ◽  
Nikolaos Papanikolaou ◽  
Charalambos Papagoras ◽  
Panagiota Kostaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Exercise Test ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Maximum Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Healthy People ◽  
Step Test

scholarly journals Deployment, Calibration, and Cross-Validation of Low-Cost Electrochemical Sensors for Carbon Monoxide, Nitrogen Oxides, and Ozone for an Epidemiological Study

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (12) ◽  
pp. 4214
Author(s):  
Christopher Zuidema ◽  
Cooper S. Schumacher ◽  
Elena Austin ◽  
Graeme Carvlin ◽  
Timothy V. Larson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Exposure Assessment ◽  
Epidemiological Study ◽  
Electrochemical Sensors ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Puget Sound ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Ambient Air Pollution ◽  
Calibration Models ◽  
Study Participants

We designed and built a network of monitors for ambient air pollution equipped with low-cost gas sensors to be used to supplement regulatory agency monitoring for exposure assessment within a large epidemiological study. This paper describes the development of a series of hourly and daily field calibration models for Alphasense sensors for carbon monoxide (CO; CO-B4), nitric oxide (NO; NO-B4), nitrogen dioxide (NO2; NO2-B43F), and oxidizing gases (OX-B431)—which refers to ozone (O3) and NO2. The monitor network was deployed in the Puget Sound region of Washington, USA, from May 2017 to March 2019. Monitors were rotated throughout the region, including at two Puget Sound Clean Air Agency monitoring sites for calibration purposes, and over 100 residences, including the homes of epidemiological study participants, with the goal of improving long-term pollutant exposure predictions at participant locations. Calibration models improved when accounting for individual sensor performance, ambient temperature and humidity, and concentrations of co-pollutants as measured by other low-cost sensors in the monitors. Predictions from the final daily models for CO and NO performed the best considering agreement with regulatory monitors in cross-validated root-mean-square error (RMSE) and R2 measures (CO: RMSE = 18 ppb, R2 = 0.97; NO: RMSE = 2 ppb, R2 = 0.97). Performance measures for NO2 and O3 were somewhat lower (NO2: RMSE = 3 ppb, R2 = 0.79; O3: RMSE = 4 ppb, R2 = 0.81). These high levels of calibration performance add confidence that low-cost sensor measurements collected at the homes of epidemiological study participants can be integrated into spatiotemporal models of pollutant concentrations, improving exposure assessment for epidemiological inference.

scholarly journals Reference values for maximum oxygen uptake relative to body mass in Dutch/Flemish subjects aged 6–65 years: the LowLands Fitness Registry

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geertje E. van der Steeg ◽  
Tim Takken
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Reference Values ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing ◽  
European Population ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Maximum Oxygen Uptake ◽  
List Type ◽  
Maximum Effort

Abstract Background The maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max) during cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) is considered the best measure of cardiorespiratory fitness. Aim To provide up-to-date reference values for the VO2max per kilogram of body mass (VO2max/kg) obtained by CPET in the Netherlands and Flanders. Methods The Lowlands Fitness Registry contains data from health checks among different professions and was used for this study. Data from 4612 apparently healthy subjects, 3671 males and 941 females, who performed maximum effort during cycle ergometry were analysed. Reference values for the VO2max/kg and corresponding centile curves were created according to the LMS method. Results Age had a negative significant effect (p < .001) and males had higher values of VO2max/kg with an overall difference of 18.0% compared to females. Formulas for reference values were developed: Males: VO2max/kg = − 0.0049 × age2 + 0.0884 × age + 48.263 (R2 = 0.9859; SEE = 1.4364) Females: VO2max/kg = − 0.0021 × age2 − 0.1407 × age + 43.066 (R2 = 0.9989; SEE = 0.5775). Cross-validation showed no relevant statistical mean difference between measured and predicted values for males and a small but significant mean difference for females. We found remarkable higher VO2max/kg values compared to previously published studies. Conclusions This is the first study to provide reference values for the VO2max/kg based on a Dutch/Flemish cohort. Our reference values can be used for a more accurate interpretation of the VO2max in the West-European population.

Ni-P Amorphous Alloy Efficient Electrocatalyst with Hierarchical Structure toward Borohydride Oxidation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingjing Yu ◽  
Bihao Hu ◽  
Chuanlan Xu ◽  
Jiazhi Meng ◽  
Shu Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Amorphous Alloy ◽  
Hierarchical Structure ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Borohydride Oxidation

Nickel is widely researched in the electrooxidation of borohydride due to its low cost and abundant reserves, but it’s catalytic activity and stability need to be improved for practical application....

scholarly journals Genotype-Dependent Tipburn Severity During Lettuce Hydroponic Culture Is Associated with Altered Nutrient Leaf Content

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 616
Author(s):  
Virginia Birlanga ◽  
José Ramón Acosta-Motos ◽  
José Manuel Pérez-Pérez
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Production Methods ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Lactuca Sativa L ◽  
Hydroponic Cultivation ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Nutrient Solutions ◽  
Nutrient Traits

Cultivated lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) is one of the most important leafy vegetables in the world, and most of the production is concentrated in the Mediterranean Basin. Hydroponics has been successfully utilized for lettuce cultivation, which could contribute to the diversification of production methods and the reduction of water consumption and excessive fertilization. We devised a low-cost procedure for closed hydroponic cultivation and easy phenotyping of root and shoot attributes of lettuce. We studied 12 lettuce genotypes of the crisphead and oak-leaf subtypes, which differed on their tipburn resistance, for three growing seasons (Fall, Winter, and Spring). We found interesting genotype × environment (G × E) interactions for some of the studied traits during early growth. By analyzing tipburn incidence and leaf nutrient content, we were able to identify a number of nutrient traits that were highly correlated with cultivar- and genotype-dependent tipburn. Our experimental setup will allow evaluating different lettuce genotypes in defined nutrient solutions to select for tipburn-tolerant and highly productive genotypes that are suitable for hydroponics.

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