Longitudinal Research on the Organization of Social Interaction: Current Developments and Methodological Challenges

2018 ◽  
pp. 3-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johannes Wagner ◽  
Simona Pekarek Doehler ◽  
Esther González-Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Longitudinal Research ◽  
Methodological Challenges

Wisdom in later life: ethnographic approaches

2005 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 339-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
RICCA EDMONDSON
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Old Age ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Psychological Aspects ◽  
Social Setting ◽  
Methodological Challenges ◽  
Ethnographic Interview ◽  
Wisdom Traditions

The concept of wisdom, popularly associated with the idea of old age, was neglected during the 20th century. It has recently revived as a matter of academic concern, but remains imperfectly understood. This article therefore begins to explore both the concept of wisdom and some forms we might expect wise behaviour to take. It emphasises the contemporary relevance of historical approaches through an examination of Hebrew and Greek writing on wisdom. Recent contributions from psychology develop aspects of these traditions; but studying wisdom ethnographically also substantially expands our understanding of what wisdom is. An ethnographic interview from Austria exemplifies social as well as psychological aspects of wisdom, showing that part of the meaning of wisdom resides in its effects on a social setting. Aspects of discourse in rural Ireland, when interpreted in the light of maxim-related wisdom traditions, extend this claim, showing more about how wise interventions activate wisdom in the society surrounding them. Other ethnographic cases also develop this notion of wisdom as based on social interaction, by exploring its effects. If we face the methodological challenges entailed in tracing wisdom ethnographically, we enhance our understanding of the concept itself and stress the fruitfulness of the idea of wisdom as an attainment of the lifecourse.

scholarly journals What is the effect of stimulus complexity on attention to repeating and changing information in Autism?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iti Arora ◽  
Alessio Bellato ◽  
Teodora Gliga ◽  
Danielle Ropar ◽  
Puja Kochhar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Longitudinal Research ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Low Complexity ◽  
Social Condition ◽  
Stimulus Complexity ◽  
Complex Information ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Background Previous research has suggested that atypical attention in autism might be driven by a preference for sameness over novelty. There is also evidence of slower habituation to a repeating stimulus in autism. It is not known whether slower habituation is driven by atypically slower processing of repeating information or whether it is a manifestation of an attentional bias away from novelty towards sameness. Methods We adapted an existing eye-tracking task and measured eye movements to two streams of stimuli presented simultaneously, one each in the left and right sides of the screen. One stimulus repeated while the second stimulus changed across trials. We manipulated the complexity of the stimuli between three conditions: a simple shapes condition, a social (smiling faces) condition and a complex non-social condition (clocks with moving parts). Using the slope of change in the longest look duration to each stimulus over trials, we measured whether autistic features were associated with slower habituation (to the repeating stimulus) and/or reduced attention to novelty (changing stimulus) over trials, and whether these effects were more pronounced in conditions with higher stimulus complexity (social and non-social complex conditions) compared with low complexity (simple shapes condition). We presented the task to two independent samples of children: 7-15 years old children and adolescents (n=103) diagnosed with Autism, ADHD or co-occurring Autism and ADHD and neurotypical children (Study 1); neurotypical children (n=64) with varying levels of subclinical traits of Autism (Study 2). Results Across the two studies, autistic features were associated with positive slopes of change in look durations (longer looks over time) to the repeating stimulus and negative slopes (shorter looks over time) to the changing stimulus, only in conditions with higher stimulus complexity. Negative slopes to the changing stimulus in conditions of higher stimulus complexity was associated with higher severity of social interaction difficulties (in Study 1). Conclusions Reduced attention to novelty in autism might partly be driven by difficulties in processing more complex information, which might contribute to the development of social interaction difficulties in autism. Replication in larger samples and longitudinal research using younger age groups are recommended.

scholarly journals Examination of social interactions by problem behaviours (13 years of longitudinal research)

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 126-133
Author(s):  
Serdal Seven ◽  
Zeynep Deniz Seven ◽  
Ismail Isik
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Social Interaction ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Social Skill ◽  
Longitudinal Research ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Rating System ◽  
Problem Behaviours

In this study, social interaction situations of adolescents who were identified as having either high or low problem behaviours (LPB) were investigated. Previously, the Teacher Form of Social Skill Rating System scale was applied to 110 children when they were 6 years old. Accordingly, among these participants, there were 26 adolescents who were 19-year old and were available to become participants of this study. In this study, eight adolescents were interviewed in order to investigate their social interactions based on the previous examination of problem behaviours at the highest or lowest level. Results show that the degree of problem behaviours determined at the age of six was the determinant in the current social interactions of these participants. It was observed that children who were defined with high problem behaviours experienced social breaks, insecurities and problems, whereas those with LPB showed better developed social relationships, such as being successful in coping with problems and having the feelings of trust and competence. Keywords: Problem behaviours, externalising, internalising, early childhood, early adulthood.

Making a Commitment: Methodological Challenges in Longitudinal Research With Relationships

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly F. Balsam ◽  
Jennifer B. Clark ◽  
Jennifer Morton ◽  
Esther D. Rothblum
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Research ◽  
Methodological Challenges

Introduction—Millennium Methods: Meeting the Challenge of Applied Research, Teaching and Learning

2004 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 2-2
Author(s):  
Jeanne Simonelli
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Technological Innovation ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Applied Research ◽  
The Other ◽  
Oral Histories ◽  
Methodological Challenges ◽  
The One

As we move through the first decade of the 21st century, anthropological practice and research faces a series of methodological challenges. On the one hand, technological innovation provides practitioners with computerized methods of measuring and mapping social interaction. On the other, we are called upon to fall back on our basic ethnographic skills and to construct our programs and projects in consultation and collaboration with those we are working with, or learning about. Moreover, whether using GIS, intricate medical measures, or collecting oral histories, many applied anthropologists acknowledge that they must serve communities as well as learn from them.

scholarly journals What do we know about the relationship between internet-mediated interaction and social isolation and loneliness in later life?

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roser Beneito-Montagut ◽  
Nizaiá Cassián-Yde ◽  
Arantza Begueria
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Longitudinal Research ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Research Designs ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose Social isolation and loneliness are recognised social, health and wellbeing problems that particularly affect later life. They have been the subject of many recent studies. Studies examining the role of the internet in addressing these problems have multiplied. However, it is still not known whether internet-mediated social interaction has any role in mitigating social isolation and or loneliness. To address this gap, the purpose of this paper is to review previous research that investigates the relationship between internet use for communication and social isolation and loneliness. Design/methodology/approach This paper reviews the empirical literature published since 2000 and expands on previous literature reviews by including a variety of research designs and disciplines. Findings Despite the recent increase in studies, there is still little evidence to show internet effects on social isolation and loneliness. It is concluded that future research programmes aimed at reducing them by the use of the internet should include more robust methodological and theoretical frameworks, employ longitudinal research designs and provide a more nuanced description of both the social phenomena (social isolation and loneliness) and internet-mediated social interaction. Originality/value Previous reviews are not restricted to internet-based studies and include several types of interventions aiming at reducing social isolation and/or loneliness. They do not attempt to disentangle the internet effects of social isolation and loneliness.

Social epistemic actions

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Pezzulo ◽  
Laura Barca ◽  
Domenico Maisto ◽  
Francesco Donnarumma
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Joint Action ◽  
Niche Construction ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Learning Processes ◽  
Epistemic Actions ◽  
Target Article ◽  
Online Social Interaction

Abstract We consider the ways humans engage in social epistemic actions, to guide each other's attention, prediction, and learning processes towards salient information, at the timescale of online social interaction and joint action. This parallels the active guidance of other's attention, prediction, and learning processes at the longer timescale of niche construction and cultural practices, as discussed in the target article.

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