Load-Carrying Capacity of Corroded Gusset Plate Connection and Its Repair Using CFRP Sheets

2021 ◽  
Vol 147 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ngoc Vinh PHAM ◽  
Takeshi Miyashita ◽  
Kazuo Ohgaki ◽  
Yusuke Okuyama ◽  
Yuya Hidekuma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Load Carrying Capacity ◽  
Gusset Plate ◽  
Cfrp Sheets ◽  
Load Carrying ◽  
Plate Connection

Remaining Capacity of Corroded Gusset Plate Connection

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeshi Miyashita ◽  
Ngoc Vinh Pham ◽  
Kazuo Ohgaki ◽  
Yusuke Okuyama ◽  
Yuya Hidekuma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Plate Thickness ◽  
Fem Analysis ◽  
Load Carrying Capacity ◽  
Loading Test ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Gusset Plate ◽  
Load Carrying ◽  
Remaining Capacity ◽  
Plate Connection

<p>Nowadays, severe damage on the gusset plate connection of steel truss bridges due to corrosion has been widely reported all over the world. In this context, the remaining load-carrying capacity of a corroded gusset plate connection was evaluated by using the loading test and Finite Element Method (FEM) analysis. Two potential forms of corrosion on the gusset plate, namely welding and cross-sectional corrosion, were proposed to investigate the reduction of load-carrying capacity. The overall FEM model dimension for the real bridge was scaled down by a percentage of 50%. The degrees of corrosion sections were assumed disconnected at about 50% of the weld length and the loss of the gusset plate thickness was 50% and 75%. Parametric FEM analysis was performed to evaluate the effect of the degree of corrosion on the remaining load-carrying capacity of the gusset plate connection.</p>

scholarly journals Experimental Study on the Mechanics Characteristics of CFRP Strengthening of Highway Tunnels at Different Damage States

Geofluids ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Xuezeng Liu ◽  
Yunlong Sang ◽  
Shuang Ding ◽  
Guiliang You ◽  
Wenxuan Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Structural Deformation ◽  
Load Carrying Capacity ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Scaled Model ◽  
Term Operation ◽  
Cfrp Sheets ◽  
Secondary Load ◽  
Load Carrying ◽  
Damage States

Cracks and other diseases may occur in the long-term operation of highway tunnels and reduce the structural load-carrying capacity. Strengthening using carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) sheets and other materials could extend the service time of the tunnels. However, the process of strengthening tunnels is remarkably different from the process of strengthening aboveground structures because of the secondary load. In order to understand the development of stress and deformation of strengthened tunnels under secondary load, a 1 : 10 scaled model was tested to simulate the tunnel strengthened with CFRP under different damage states. The test results show that CFRP strengthening improved the stiffness of the structure and inhibited the propagation of the existing cracks. The peeling of the CFRP sheets made the strengthened structure quickly lose its load-carrying capacity, causing the instability of the structure. The failure loads of the structures strengthened at different damage states were essentially the same, with an average value of 184% of the original failure load. Nevertheless, the early strengthening helped control the structural deformation. The test results also demonstrate that the bonding strength between the CFRP and the lining is essential for strengthening effectiveness. This study provides a theoretical basis for similar engineering reinforcement designs.

scholarly journals Influence of ties on the behavior of short reinforced concrete columns strengthened by external CFRP

2018 ◽  
Vol 162 ◽  
pp. 04005
Author(s):  
Kaiss Sarsam ◽  
Raid Khalel ◽  
Mohammed Hadi
Keyword(s):  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Concrete Columns ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Load Carrying Capacity ◽  
Cfrp Sheets ◽  
Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Load Carrying ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Normal Strength

An experimental study was carried out to investigate the behavior of normal strength reinforce concret (RC) circular short column strengthned with “carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) sheets”. Three series comprising totally of (15) specimens loaded until failure under concentric compresion load. Strengthening was varied by changing the number of CFRP strips, spacing and wrapping methods. The findings of this research can be summarized as follows: for the columns without CFRP, the influence of the tie spacing was significant: compared with 130 mm tie spacing, dropping the spacing to 100 mm and 70 mm increased the load carrying capacity by 18% and 26%, respectively. The columns with less internal confinement (lesser amount of ties) were strengthened more significantly by the CFRP than the ones with greater amount of internal ties. As an example of the varying effectiveness of the fully wrapped CFRP, the column with ties at 130 mm was strengthened by 90% with the CFRP. In contrast, the ones with 70 mm spaced ties only increased in strength with CFRP by 66%. Compared with the control specimen (no CFRP), the same amount of CFRP when used as hoop strips led to more strengthening than using CFRP as a spiral strip- the former led to nearly 9% more strengthening than the latter in the case of 130 mm spaced internal steel ties. In the case of 100 mm internal steel ties, the difference (between the hoops & spiral CFRP strengthening) is close to 4%. In contrast, there is no difference between the two methods of strengthening in the heavily tied columns (70 mm tied spacing).

Single-angle compression members welded by one leg to a gusset plate. II. A parametric study and design equation

1998 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 585-594 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murray C Temple ◽  
Sherief SS Sakla
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Method ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Load Carrying Capacity ◽  
Design Equation ◽  
Rigid Support ◽  
The Finite Element Method ◽  
Gusset Plate ◽  
Compression Members ◽  
Load Carrying

Single-angle compression members are complex members to analyze and design. The two generally accepted design procedures, the simple-column and the beam-column approaches, in general, underestimate the load-carrying capacity of single-angle compression members welded by one leg to a gusset plate fixed to a rigid support. One of the reasons is that these approaches do not properly account for the end constraint provided by the gusset plate. The effective length factor can be adjusted, but this is difficult to do as the end restraint is not easy to evaluate in many practical cases. Another reason is that these approaches are not based on a rational understanding of the failure mechanism of these members. An experimental program confirmed that the finite element method can be used, with a reasonable degree of accuracy, to predict the behavior and load-carrying capacity of single-angle compression members welded by one leg to a gusset plate fixed to a rigid support. The finite element method was used to study some 1800 different combinations of parameters. It was found that out-of-straightness, residual stresses in the angle section, Young's modulus of elasticity, and the unconnected gusset plate length do not have a great effect on the load-carrying capacity. The most significant parameter is the gusset plate thickness with the gusset plate width being the second most important parameter. An empirical design equation is proposed.Key words: angles, buckling, columns (structural), compressive resistance, design equation, gusset plates.

Load Carrying Capacity and Ductility of CFRP-Reinforced Earthquake Waste Filled Circular Steel Tube Columns

2012 ◽  
Vol 463-464 ◽  
pp. 234-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong He ◽  
Jiang Feng Dong ◽  
Shu Cheng Yuan ◽  
Qing Yuan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Steel Tube ◽  
Recycled Aggregate Concrete ◽  
Recycled Aggregate ◽  
Load Carrying Capacity ◽  
Aggregate Concrete ◽  
Cfrp Sheets ◽  
Circular Steel Tube ◽  
Load Carrying ◽  
Ultimate Load Carrying Capacity

In order to significantly increase not only the load carrying capacity but also the ductility of the steel tube columns filled with recycled aggregate concrete from the earthquake waste, two different strengthening methods by using externally bonded of carbon fibre reinforced polymer (CFRP) to strengthened the columns was proposed. Composite columns of CFRP reinforced and steel circular steel tube columns are studied in this study. The aims were to study the contribution of the CFRP sheets applied in enhancing the load carrying capacity and ductility of the steel tube columns with different concrete type, normal concrete and recycled aggregate concrete. The results demonstrate that the ultimate load carrying capacity and ductility of the steel tube columns filled with recycled aggregate concrete can be increased satisfactorily by full wrapping and partial wrapping arrangement of CFRP sheets. Moreover, stiffness of the columns strengthened was also increased greatly due to the restraining effect offered by CFRP and the full wrapping arrangement is better than the partial wrapping arrangement in enhancing the stiffness and the load carrying capacity.

Single-angle compression members welded by one leg to a gusset plate. I. Experimental study

1998 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 569-584 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murray C Temple ◽  
Sherief SS Sakla
Keyword(s):  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Load Carrying Capacity ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Gusset Plates ◽  
Gusset Plate ◽  
Compression Members ◽  
Principal Axes ◽  
Load Carrying ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Compressive Resistance

Single-angle compression members are structural elements that are very difficult to analyze and design. These members are usually attached to other members by one leg only. Thus the load is applied eccentrically. To further complicate the problem the principal axes of the angle do not coincide with the axis of the frame of which the angle is a part. Although it is known that the end conditions affect the load-carrying capacity of these members, procedures have not been developed to account for this. The main objective of this research is to obtain a better understanding of the behaviour and load-carrying capacity of single-angle compression members welded by one leg to a gusset plate fixed to a rigid support. The effects of the gusset plate width, thickness, and the unconnected length were studied. It was determined that the finite element method can be used, with a reasonable degree of accuracy, to predict the behaviour and load-carrying capacity of these members. It was found that the thickness and width of the gusset plate significantly affect the load-carrying capacity, but the unconnected length has only a minor effect.Key words: angles, buckling, building (codes), columns (structural), compressive resistance, design, gusset plates.

scholarly journals Experimental assessment of different strengthening techniques for opening in reinforced concrete beams

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (59) ◽  
pp. 549-565
Author(s):  
Fatma Agag ◽  
Seleem S. E. Ahmad ◽  
Hossam El-Din M. Sallam
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Concrete Beams ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Beams ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Polymers ◽  
Load Carrying Capacity ◽  
Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers ◽  
Reinforced Polymers ◽  
Cfrp Sheets ◽  
Load Carrying

The present experimental study includes testing thirteen reinforced concrete beams with openings at different locations to investigate the efficiency of strengthening such openings. Different strengthening techniques around the opening after and before casting include diagonal bars, upper and lower steel, and carbon fiber reinforced polymers (CFRP), were examined. All beams were made from 30 MPa compressive strength and tested under four-point loading.  The cross section of the beams is 400 mm depth x 160 mm width and beam length 2400 mm. The dimensions of the opening are 200 mm x 200 mm. The stiffness, deflection, failure load, and failure mode of the strengthened beams were discussed. Experimental results showed that the beams strengthened with upper and lower steel around opening at mid-span increase the load-carrying capacity by 16.59%. However, beams strengthened by CFRP sheets around the opening in the shear zone increase the load carrying capacity by 47.7% compared to opened beam.

scholarly journals Effect of Preload Level on Flexural Load-carrying Capacity of RC Beams Strengthened by Externally Bonded FRP Sheets

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 426-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guibing Li ◽  
Aihui Zhang ◽  
Yugang Guo
Keyword(s):  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Concrete Strength ◽  
Load Carrying Capacity ◽  
Rc Beams ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Damage Level ◽  
Cfrp Sheets ◽  
Flexural Performance ◽  
Load Carrying ◽  
Externally Bonded

Most of the laboratory tests investigated the flexural performance of un-preloaded or undamaged RC beams strengthened with CFRP composites. However, in engineering applications, the structural member must carry a certain load or damage. There is a lack of systematical investigations on the effects of preload or damage level on the flexural load-carrying capacity of CFRP-strengthened RC beams. This paper tested 22 RC beams to investigate the influence of preload level on flexural load-carrying capacity of CFRP-strengthened RC beams. The test variables are preload level, amount of CFRP sheets, tension rebar ratio, and concrete strength. The test results show that if the preload level is not more than 80% of the yielding strength of the original beam, the preload or damage level does not influence the flexural load-carrying capacity of CFRP-strengthened RC beams. However, the ultimate flexural load-carrying capacity is significantly poor than that of RC beam strengthened under a preload level not more than 80% of the yielding strength, if the RC beams are strengthened under a preload level more than 90% of the yielding strength.

scholarly journals Experimental study on the behavior of eccentrically compressed reinforced concrete columns strengthened with CFRP composite sheets

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 172-181
Author(s):  
Trung Hieu Nguyen ◽  
Xuan Dat Pham ◽  
Khuong Duy Tran
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Column Height ◽  
Strengthening Effect ◽  
Load Carrying Capacity ◽  
Rc Columns ◽  
Cfrp Sheets ◽  
Rc Column ◽  
Load Carrying

Strengthening of reinforced concrete (RC) columns is needed when the actual load-carrying capacity of the columns does not reach the required level due to either structural deterioration or increasing acting loads. This experimental study aims to evaluate the strengthening effect on the eccentrically-compressed RC columns using Carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) sheets, that confine around the column cross-section. Three RC column specimens with the same geometrical dimensions, reinforcement detailing, and concrete compressive strength were cast and tested in the current experimental investigation. One RC column without being strengthened is referred as the control specimen whereas two other RC columns were partially strengthened by CFRP sheets. All three RC columns were axially loaded with the same initial eccentricity e0 of 80 mm. Based on the test results such as the ultimate load-carrying capacity, the load-rotation relationship, and load-curvature at the middle of column height, the effectiveness of the strengthening technique is discussed.

Influence of Yield Strength Variability over Cross-Section to Steel Beam Load-Carrying Capacity

2005 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Kala ◽  
Z. Kala
Keyword(s):  
Yield Strength ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Bending Moment ◽  
Statistical Characteristics ◽  
Load Carrying Capacity ◽  
Load Carrying ◽  
Strength Variability ◽  
Hot Rolled ◽  
Hot Rolled Steel

Authors of article analysed influence of variability of yield strength over cross-section of hot rolled steel member to its load-carrying capacity. In calculation models, the yield strength is usually taken as constant. But yield strength of a steel hot-rolled beam is generally a random quantity. Not only the whole beam but also its parts have slightly different material characteristics. According to the results of more accurate measurements, the statistical characteristics of the material taken from various cross-section points (e.g. from a web and a flange) are, however, more or less different. This variation is described by one dimensional random field. The load-carrying capacity of the beam IPE300 under bending moment at its ends with the lateral buckling influence included is analysed, nondimensional slenderness according to EC3 is λ¯ = 0.6. For this relatively low slender beam the influence of the yield strength on the load-carrying capacity is large. Also the influence of all the other imperfections as accurately as possible, the load-carrying capacity was determined by geometrically and materially nonlinear solution of very accurate FEM model by the ANSYS programme.

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