Chemical composition, thermal analysis and pozzolanic activity of biomass ash from Miscanthus

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ondřej Jankovský ◽  
Anna-Marie Lauermannová ◽  
Daniel Bouša ◽  
Vilém Bartůněk ◽  
Martina Záleská ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Pozzolanic Activity ◽  
Biomass Ash

scholarly journals Evaluation of the cytotoxicity of products obtained from Calotropis procera (Apocynaceae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. e4391210723
Author(s):  
Ivana Maria Fechine ◽  
Karolayne da Silva Barbosa Alves ◽  
Renam Fellipe da Silveira Muniz ◽  
Caroline Leal Rodrigues Soares ◽  
Harley da Silva Alves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Leukemic Cells ◽  
Calotropis Procera ◽  
Spectroscopic Techniques ◽  
Cytotoxicity Test ◽  
Good Activity ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Pharmacological Interest

Calotropis procera belongs to the Apocynaceae family and is found in the Northeast of Brazil. Several activities are attributed to this species, such as anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and anti-cancer activities. This research aimed to conduct a bioguided study of C. procera in order to isolate and identify triterpenes of the species and evaluate the cytotoxic activity of products of the plant species. The crude ethanolic extract (CEE) was obtained and partitioned. The hexanic phase was chromatographed giving the compound Cp-1, which was identified using spectroscopic techniques and thermal analysis. It was possible to identify Cp-1 as a triterpene called calotropenyl acetate, already reported in the literature. The cytotoxicity test was performed using the MTT technique and it was observed a good activity of CEE and hexanic phase against HL-60 and KS62 lines with an IC50 ranging between 26.8 ± 0.4 µg mL-1 and 47.0 ± 0.5 µg mL-1, besides no toxicity in normal lines, while Cp-1 showed no relevant activity against the tumor cells tested. The results indicated that the species contains in its chemical composition products with pharmacological interest, in addition to cytotoxic for leukemic cells, which can be further explored in complementary studies.

scholarly journals Hydrothermal synthesis and characterisation of zeolites from metakaolin and water glass

2021 ◽  
Vol 1205 (1) ◽  
pp. 012021
Author(s):  
M Krejci Kotlanova ◽  
Z Dolnicek ◽  
I Khongova ◽  
A Zezulova
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Differential Thermal Analysis ◽  
Hydrothermal Synthesis ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Water Glass ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Total Content ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Zeolite Content

Abstract Zeolites were synthetised from two types of metakaolin mixed with water glass and in some samples with water. The mixtures were autoclaved for 24 hours at 130°C. Autoclaved samples were ground to analytical fineness and tested by X-ray diffraction and differential thermal analysis. Polished samples embedded in epoxy resin were studied using of electron microprobe including BSE imaging and WDX analysis of chemical composition of zeolites. Samples with the highest zeolite content were studied by SEM. The obtained results showed that the dominant synthetised zeolite in autoclaved samples is mineral chemically close to chabazite, less phillipsite. Zeolite Na-P1, gmelinite and boggsite were also identified by XRD analyses. The total content of zeolites is up to 29 wt. % in the sample prepared from a mixture containing metakaolin MK1/sodium water glass/water in weight ratio 1.5/2.5/1. The Si/Al of synthetised zeolites varies between 2.1 and 3.2.

scholarly journals High-Durability Concrete with Supplementary Cementitious Admixtures Used in Corrosive Environments

Crystals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 196
Author(s):  
Shiming Liu ◽  
Miaomiao Zhu ◽  
Xinxin Ding ◽  
Zhiguo Ren ◽  
Shunbo Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
High Performance Concrete ◽  
Chloride Penetration ◽  
Pozzolanic Activity ◽  
Supplementary Cementitious Materials ◽  
Binder Ratio ◽  
Corrosive Environments ◽  
Durability Of Concrete

Durability of concrete is of great significance to prolong the service life of concrete structures in corrosive environments. Aiming at the economical and environment-friendly production of concrete by comprehensive utilization of the supplementary cementitious materials made of industrial byproducts, the resistances to chloride penetration, sulfate attack, and frost of high-performance concrete were studied in this paper. Fifteen concretes were designed at different water–binder ratio with the changes of contents of fly ash (FA), silica fume (SF), ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBS), and admixture of sulfate corrosion-resistance (AS). The compressive strength, the total electric flux of chloride penetrability, the sulfate resistance coefficient, and the indices of freezing and thawing were measured. Results indicate that, depending on the chemical composition, fineness, and pozzolanic activity, the supplementary cementitious admixtures had different effects on the compressive strength and the durability of concrete; despite having a higher fineness and pozzolanic activity, the GGBS gave out a negative effect on concrete due to a similar chemical composition with cement; the SF and FA presented beneficial effects on concrete whether they were used singly with GGBS or jointly with GGBS; the AS improved the compressive strength and the sulfate corrosion resistance of concrete. In general, the grade of durability was positively related to the compressive strength of concrete. Except for the concretes admixed only with GGBS or with GGBS and FA, others had super durability with the compressive strength varying from 70 MPa to 113 MPa. The concretes with water to binder ratio of 0.29 and total binders of 500 kg/m3 admixed with 7% FA + 8% SF + 8% GGBS or 7% FA + 8% SF + 8% GGBS + (10~12)% AS presented the highest grades of resistances specified in China codes to chloride penetration, sulfate corrosion, and frost, while the compressive strength was about 100 MPa.

Comparison of Thermal Analysis, Micro Structural and Compositional of Archeological Indigenous Ceramic (Caninhas Site of Canas - SP) with Actual Clay/Ceramic of Region

2010 ◽  
Vol 660-661 ◽  
pp. 1019-1024
Author(s):  
F.P. Nakano ◽  
Simone P. Taguchi ◽  
C.C. Matos ◽  
R.Batista Ribeiro ◽  
Sarinha J.Leone Rosa
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Transition Temperature ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Ceramic Material ◽  
Compositional Variation ◽  
Mass Variation ◽  
Hydrated Alumina ◽  
Temperature Decomposition ◽  
Archeological Site

The ceramic material found at the archeological site in Caninhas, shows funerary structures of combustion and various objects of Tupi-Guarani indigenous use. These pieces and fragments were saved and cataloged, in approximately 4000 units. The ceramics present a gradient of color, from ochre to dark gray, when from the surface to the center of the piece, indicating compositional variation caused by inefficient sintering carried out by indigenous people. The goal of this study was to observe the phase transition temperature, decomposition, mass variation and reactions that occur in the archeological and nowadays ceramics (by DSC/TG), together with micro structural analysis (by SEM), phase analysis (by XRD) and chemical composition (by EDS). Ceramics nowadays are sintered with air, in a temperature ranging between 400-800 °C for one hour, and presents heterogeneous microstructure. The archeological ceramics were identified by the ilitte, hydrated alumina, lutecite and quartz phase, and the caulinite, lutecite and quartz phase in clay produced today from that region differs in all characteristics and aspects according to time. The interaction between different areas of expertise is fundamental to aggregate knowledge: the use of ceramic material engineering to archeological application.

scholarly journals Potential of Using Wood Biomass Ash in Low-Strength Composites

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 1250
Author(s):  
Ana Baričević ◽  
Ivana Carević ◽  
Jelena Šantek Bajto ◽  
Nina Štirmer ◽  
Marija Bezinović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Setting Time ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Wood Biomass ◽  
Biomass Ash ◽  
Hydraulic Lime ◽  
Volume Stability

Reducing greenhouse gas emissions and dependence on fossil fuels is the cornerstone of all European climate and energy strategies. Consequently, renewable energy sources are becoming more competitive with fossil fuels. The largest source of bioenergy in the European Union is biomass-fired power plants. Therefore, the European coal phase-out strategy led to an increased use of wood biomass as a sustainable fuel, generating large amounts of wood biomass ash (WBA). In the research studies reported so far, WBA has been mainly used in cementitious composites. However, given the similarities between the chemical composition of WBA and hydraulic lime (HL), this research focused on its potential classification as a building lime. Overall, three different sources of fly WBA were considered for the preparation of binders as mixtures of WBA and coal fly ash (CFA) in different ratios. The contribution of each binder mixture on the paste and mortar properties was analyzed based on the chemical composition, setting time, volume stability, and contribution to the mortar strength (compressive and flexural). In general, it can be concluded that the studied binders can meet the criteria of EN 459-1. However, special attention should be paid to the volume deformations and the setting time.

scholarly journals Fabrications of Effluence Free Fire Cracker using Pyrotechnic Chemical Composition

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1S4) ◽  
pp. 687-690 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Potassium Nitrate ◽  
Environment Pollution ◽  
Mixing Ratio ◽  
Safety Hazards ◽  
Pyrotechnic Composition ◽  
And Performance

The objective of the study is to increase the safety, health aspects in the workplace and to reduce the environment pollution which occurred during the burning of firecrackers by changing the chemical composition. The normal flash powder chemical composition used in firework industries are potassium nitrate (60%), Aluminum (20%), and sulfur (20%). During the burning of pyrotechnic composition, it releases harmful gases and it leads to health effects to the human being and it pollutes the environment. Similarly, during the preparation of the cracker, workers are exposed by safety hazards. In this work, the mixing ratio of aforementioned chemical powders are changed and thermal analysis, sensitivity analysis like friction, impact and performance test like noise level of firecrackers are carried out for both existing chemical composition and modified chemical composition and it is compared.

scholarly journals DSC Analysis Of Order–Disorder Transition In Ni3Al Based Alloys From Ni-Al-Cr System

2015 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 1871-1876 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Maciąg ◽  
K. Rzyman ◽  
R. Przeliorz
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Crystal Lattice ◽  
Phase Boundary ◽  
Characteristic Temperature ◽  
Intermetallic Phase ◽  
Dsc Analysis ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Disordered Phase ◽  
Cr System

AbstractNi-Al-Cr system is significant for industrial alloys based on intermetallic phase Ni3Al, that crystallizes in crystal lattice L12. It is indicated as γ′, contrary to disordered phase γ which occurs with addition of chromium. DSC analysis was performed on alloys of chemical composition from Ni75Al25÷Ni75Cr25 range of Ni-rich part of Ni-Al-Cr system. In addition, few measurements were conducted using DTA method. Based on curves registered, it was possible to identify characteristic temperature during heating and cooling of the sample. It corresponds to existence of phase boundary γ′+γ / γ in examined alloys. Results of thermal analysis were compared with results obtained with other method performed by authors which is solution calorimetric method.

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