scholarly journals Wernicke’s area and broca’s area in functional connectivity of language

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Villanueva Junes ◽  
Eduardo Barragan ◽  
Daniel Alvarez ◽  
Pilar Dies ◽  
Silvia Hidalgo Tobon
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Broca’S Area ◽  
Broca's Area ◽  
Wernicke’S Area

scholarly journals fMRI Evidence for Cortical Modification during Learning of Mandarin Lexical Tone

2003 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 1019-1027 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Wang ◽  
Joan A. Sereno ◽  
Allard Jongman ◽  
Joy Hirsch
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Inferior Frontal Gyrus ◽  
Superior Temporal Gyrus ◽  
Broca’S Area ◽  
Lexical Tone ◽  
Broca's Area ◽  
Language Functions ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Cortical Regions ◽  
Wernicke’S Area

Functional magnetic resonance imaging was employed before and after six native English speakers completed lexical tone training as part of a program to learn Mandarin as a second language. Language-related areas including Broca's area, Wernicke's area, auditory cortex, and supplementary motor regions were active in all subjects before and after training and did not vary in average location. Across all subjects, improvements in performance were associated with an increase in the spatial extent of activation in left superior temporal gyrus (Brodmann's area 22, putative Wernicke's area), the emergence of activity in adjacent Brodmann's area 42, and the emergence of activity in right inferior frontal gyrus (Brodmann's area 44), a homologue of putative Broca's area. These findings demonstrate a form of enrichment plasticity in which the early cortical effects of learning a tone-based second language involve both expansion of preexisting language-related areas and recruitment of additional cortical regions specialized for functions similar to the new language functions.

Spatiotemporal Brain Activity During Hiragana Word Recognition Task

2011 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 357-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hisashi Toyoshima ◽  
◽  
Takahiro Yamanoi ◽  
Toshimasa Yamazaki ◽  
Shin-ichi Ohnishi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Activity ◽  
Recognition Task ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Dipole Source ◽  
Broca’S Area ◽  
Broca's Area ◽  
Current Dipole ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Wernicke’S Area ◽  
The Right

The 19-channel Event-Related Potentials (ERPs) we recorded during recognition of hiragana (one type of Japanese phonetic characters) were simultaneously and independently presented as a word and a nonword to opposite eyes using a field-sequential stereoscopic 3D display with a liquid-crystal shutter, a word and a non-word were simultaneously and independently presented to the left (right) and the right (left) eyes, respectively. Each word consists of 3 hiragana characters. Three subjects were instructed to press a button when they understood the meaning of the visual stimuli after 3,000 ms poststimulus. Equivalent Current Dipole source Localization (ECDL) with 3 unconstrained ECDs was applied to the ERPs. In the case of right-handed subjects, the ECDs were localized to the Wernicke’s area at around 600 ms. In the case of left-handed subject, the ECD was localized to the Wernicke’s homologue. After that ECDs were then localized to the prefrontal area, the superior frontal gyrus, and the middle frontal gyrus. At around 800 ms, the ECDs were localized to the Broca’s area, then after that ECDs were relocalized to the the Wernicke’s area and to the Broca’s area.

scholarly journals PC3 - 191 Assessment of Preoperative Functional MRI Measurement of Language Lateralisation in Brain Tumour Patients

2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (S4) ◽  
pp. S20-S20
Author(s):  
E. Kosteniuk ◽  
J.C. Lau ◽  
J.F. Megyesi
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tumour ◽  
Preoperative Assessment ◽  
Sentence Completion ◽  
Hemispheric Dominance ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Broca’S Area ◽  
Broca's Area ◽  
Lesion Type ◽  
Wernicke’S Area ◽  
Verb Generation

This study aims to evaluate reliability of clinical functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in identifying language lateralisation index (LI), verified with Edinburgh handedness inventory (EHI), in brain tumour patients. Methods In this retrospective study, 31 of a single surgeon’s brain tumour patients over a 12 year period have been selected. Lesion type varied, 12 (39 percent) were high grade gliomas, 10 (32 percent) low grade gliomas, 3 (10 percent) meningiomas, and 6 (19 percent) other types. Patients underwent language fMRI paradigms for preoperative assessment, and a neuroimaging analyst was able to identify an LI value for at least one Brodmann area (BA). For each paradigm, a neuroimaging analyst attempted to calculate LI for Wernicke’s area (BA 22) and Broca’s area (BA 44 and 45). Results Of 113 total LI values, 66 (58 percent) were concordant to EHI-predicted hemispheric dominance. Reliability of language LI appears dependent upon the type of language task performed. Verb generation correctly identified Broca’s area in 18 patients (64 percent) and Wernicke’s area in 11 patients (61 percent), sentence completion correctly identified Broca’s area in 18 patients (72 percent) and Wernicke’s area in 9 patients (60 percent), and naming correctly identified Broca’s area in 7 patients (47 percent) and Wernicke’s area in 3 patients (27 percent). Conclusions Results show limited correlation between language LI determined by fMRI and EHI. The main limitation of this study is that language LI is being compared to EHI, rather than gold standard measure of hemispheric dominance (e.g. Wada).

Connectivity–behavior analysis reveals that functional connectivity between left BA39 and Broca's area varies with reading ability

NeuroImage ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 513-519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Hampson ◽  
Fuyuze Tokoglu ◽  
Zhongdong Sun ◽  
Robin J. Schafer ◽  
Pawel Skudlarski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Behavior Analysis ◽  
Reading Ability ◽  
Broca’S Area ◽  
Broca's Area

scholarly journals Prior Neurosurgery Decreases fMRI Estimates of Language Laterality in Patients with Gliomas within Anterior Language Sites

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1491
Author(s):  
Monika M. Połczyńska ◽  
Bryan Ding ◽  
Bianca H. Dang ◽  
Lucia Cavanagh
Keyword(s):  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Region Of Interest ◽  
Brain Surgery ◽  
Broca’S Area ◽  
Broca's Area ◽  
Language Dominance ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Prior Surgery ◽  
Wernicke’S Area ◽  
The Impact

The impact of previous surgery on the assessment of language dominance with preoperative fMRI remains inconclusive in patients with recurrent brain tumors. Samples in this retrospective study included 17 patients with prior brain surgery and 21 patients without prior surgery (38 patients total; mean age 43.2, SD = 11.9; 18 females; seven left-handed). All the patients were left language dominant, as determined clinically. The two samples were matched on 10 known confounds, including, for example, tumor laterality and location (all tumors affected Brodmann areas 44/45/47). We calculated fMRI language dominance with laterality indices using a whole-brain and region of interest approach (ROI; Broca’s and Wernicke’s area). Patients with prior surgery had decreased fMRI language dominance (p = 0.03) with more activity in the right hemisphere (p = 0.03) than patients without surgery. Patients with prior brain surgery did not display less language activity in the left hemisphere than patients without surgery. These results were replicated using an ROI approach in the affected Broca’s area. Further, we observed no differences between our samples in the unaffected Wernicke’s area. In sum, prior brain surgery affecting Broca’s area could be a confounding factor that needs to be considered when evaluating fMRI language dominance.

English language education on-line game and brain connectivity

ReCALL ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji Sun Hong ◽  
Doug Hyun Han ◽  
Young In Kim ◽  
Su Jin Bae ◽  
Sun Mi Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
English Education ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Language Education ◽  
Parahippocampal Gyrus ◽  
Broca’S Area ◽  
Broca's Area ◽  
Game Play ◽  
On Line ◽  
Wernicke’S Area

AbstractThe HoDoo English game was developed to take advantage of the benefits attributed to on-line games while teaching English to native Korean speakers. We expected to see that the improvements in the subjects’ English language abilities after playing the HoDoo English game would be associated with increased brain functional connectivity in the areas of the brain involved in the language production (Broca’s area) and the understanding (Wernicke’s area) networks. Twelve children, aged nine and ten, were asked to play the on-line English education game for 50 minutes per day, five days per week for twelve weeks. At baseline, and again at the end of twelve weeks of game play, each child’s English language ability was assessed and a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scan was conducted. The on-line English education game play effectively improved English language skills, especially in terms of non-verbal pragmatic skills. Following twelve weeks of on-line English education game play, the children showed positive connectivity between Broca’s area and the left frontal cortex as well as between Wernicke’s area and the left parahippocampal gyrus and the right medial frontal gyrus. Changes in pragmatic scores were positively correlated with average peak brain activity in the left parahippocampal gyrus. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to report an improvement in English ability and changes in brain activity within language areas after on-line language education game play.

scholarly journals The genetic determinants of language network dysconnectivity in drug-naïve early stage schizophrenia

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingnan Du ◽  
Lena Palaniyappan ◽  
Zhaowen Liu ◽  
Wei Cheng ◽  
Weikang Gong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Temporal Cortex ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Risk Scores ◽  
Broca’S Area ◽  
Broca's Area ◽  
Illness Duration ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Drug Naïve ◽  
Language Network

AbstractSchizophrenia is a neurocognitive illness of synaptic and brain network-level dysconnectivity that often reaches a persistent chronic stage in many patients. Subtle language deficits are a core feature even in the early stages of schizophrenia. However, the primacy of language network dysconnectivity and language-related genetic variants in the observed phenotype in early stages of illness remains unclear. This study used two independent schizophrenia dataset consisting of 138 and 53 drug-naïve first-episode schizophrenia (FES) patients, and 112 and 56 healthy controls, respectively. A brain-wide voxel-level functional connectivity analysis was conducted to investigate functional dysconnectivity and its relationship with illness duration. We also explored the association between critical language-related genetic (such as FOXP2) mutations and the altered functional connectivity in patients. We found elevated functional connectivity involving Broca’s area, thalamus and temporal cortex that were replicated in two FES datasets. In particular, Broca’s area - anterior cingulate cortex dysconnectivity was more pronounced for patients with shorter illness duration, while thalamic dysconnectivity was predominant in those with longer illness duration. Polygenic risk scores obtained from FOXP2-related genes were strongly associated with functional dysconnectivity identified in patients with shorter illness duration. Our results highlight the criticality of language network dysconnectivity, involving the Broca’s area in early stages of schizophrenia, and the role of language-related genes in this aberration, providing both imaging and genetic evidence for the association between schizophrenia and the determinants of language.

scholarly journals Emerging work on Smart Speaking System for Dumb People using BCI

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 1688-1691
Keyword(s):  
Tongue Cancer ◽  
Speech Sound ◽  
Computer Interface ◽  
Broca’S Area ◽  
Broca's Area ◽  
Critical Problem ◽  
Sensor Interface ◽  
The Gift ◽  
Wernicke’S Area ◽  
The Brain

Persons be acquainted with each other by assigning their ideas, opinion, and experiences to the community around them. There are abundant ways to attain this, and the best one among all is the gift of speech or verbal communication. Through address, everyone can very persuasively transfer their beliefs and appreciate each other. According to the All Indian Deaf and Dumb Society (AIDDS), there is one in every thousand people born dumb. There are many reasons for dumbness. By many years of investigations, a large number of methods and software solved the speech recognition problem, were developed. Still, there is no proper sensor interface available for creating a mobile interface and achieving accurate and safe BCI. Our study is to focus on the problem of dumbness due to paralysis, tongue cancer, Broca’s problem, accident, and many more. This critical problem can be solved by using the Brain-Computer Interface (BCI). This paper aims to capture the signal from our brain using EEG. EEG is a noninvasive method to record the electrical activity of the brain along the scalp. Features are extracted from the pre-processed signals and classify them into their alpha, beta, delta, gamma signals classes. The Wernicke’s area patterns of activity representing what is to be said and then sent through the arcuate fasciculus to Broca’s area, which contains the programs for intricate patterns of muscle movement needed in speech. The vocal area programs are then relayed to the motor cortex controlling the lips, tongue, and vocal cord, which produce the speech sound. If the person has a problem in vocal area, they may not speak out, so we have the plan to get voice from where they are thinking (Wernicke’s area, Broca’s area) using EEG (Electroencephalography) and convert movements or signal into speech and get them into the receiver ie, .smart phones/tab.

Maladaptive connectivity of broca’s area in schizophrenia during audiovisual speech perception: an FMRI study

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 1512-1512
Author(s):  
G.R. Szycik ◽  
Z. Ye ◽  
B. Mohammadi ◽  
W. Dillo ◽  
B.T. te Wildt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Speech Perception ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Visual Information ◽  
Audiovisual Integration ◽  
Visual Speech ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Broca’S Area ◽  
Broca's Area ◽  
Brain Areas ◽  
Audiovisual Speech Perception

IntroductionNatural speech perception relies on both, auditory and visual information. Both sensory channels provide redundant and complementary information, such that speech perception is enhanced in healthy subjects, when both information channels are present.ObjectivesPatients with schizophrenia have been reported to have problems regarding this audiovisual integration process, but little is known about which neural processes are altered.AimsIn this study we investigated functional connectivity of Broca’s area in patients with schizophrenia.MethodsFunctional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was performed in 15 schizophrenia patients and 15 healthy controls to study functional connectivity of Broca’s area during perception of videos of bisyllabic German nouns, in which audio and video either matched (congruent condition) or die not match (incongruent; e.g. video = hotel, audio = island).ResultsThere were differences in connectivity between experimental groups and between conditions. Broca’s area of the patient group showed connections to more brain areas than the control group. This difference was more prominent in the incongruent condition, for which only one connection between Broca's area and the supplementary motor area was found in control participants, whereas patients showed connections to 8 widely distributed brain areas.ConclusionsThe findings imply that audiovisual integration problems in schizophrenia result from maladaptive connectivity of Broca's area in particular when confronted with incongruent stimuli and are discussed in light of recent audio visual speech models.

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