Speech Acts and Space(s): Language Pragmatics and the Discursive Constitution of the Social

2002 ◽  
Vol 34 (8) ◽  
pp. 1355-1372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wolfgang Zierhofer
Keyword(s):  
Speech Acts ◽  
Action Theory ◽  
Human Geography ◽  
Physical Conditions ◽  
The Social ◽  
Action Theories

By referring to language-pragmatic versions of action theory, I attempt in this paper to introduce a perspective which overcomes a series of modernistic legacies of earlier action theories in human geography. Such a development allows a nonessentialist stance while preserving the conceptual richness and consistency of action theory. The concept of speech acts will be interpreted as a blueprint for the analysis of interactions in general—not only human communications but also those involving nonhuman entities and physical conditions—and is a perspective that is particularly attractive for human geography. However, one of the consequences is that the notion of space and its role for the identity of the discipline need to be reconsidered.

Orientalist Speech-acts and Israeli Middle East Studies: Cautions and Criticisms of Edward Said Beyond the Battle of Ideas

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-237
Author(s):  
Eyal Clyne
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
Edward Said ◽  
Discursive Practices ◽  
Academic World ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Theories ◽  
Middle East Studies

Drawing on speech acts theory, this article discusses the illocutionary and perlocutionary forces of discursive practices with which certain academic circles seek to discredit the Saidian ‘Orientalism’ framework. Identifying the unusual value attached to Said as object of attachment or detachment, desirability and exceptionality, this analysis turns away from deliberations about ‘orientalism’ as a party in a battle of ideas, and studies common cautionary statements and other responses by peers as actions in the social (academic) world, that enculture and police expectations. Cautioning subjects about this framework, or conditioning its employment to preceding extensive pre-emptive complicating mitigations, in effect constructs this framework as undesirable and ‘risky’. While strong discursive reactions are not uncommon in academia, comparing them to treatments of less-controversial social theories reveals formulations, meanings and attentions which are arguably reserved for this ‘theory’. Conclusively, common dismissals, warnings and criticisms of Said and ‘Orientalism’ often exemplify Saidian claims, as they deploy the powerful advantage of enforcing hegemonic, and indeed Orientalist, views.

ANALISIS UNSUR EKSTRINSIK NOVEL SANG PEMIMPI KARYA ANDREA HIRATA

Jurnal KATA ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 137
Author(s):  
Erlina Erlina
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Religious Education ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
Social Values ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Political Values ◽  
Educational Value ◽  
Cultural Rights ◽  
The Social ◽  
Data Source

<p><strong>            </strong><em>This research is motivated by the analysis extrinsic elements novel </em><em>Sang Pemimpi</em><em>. This study aimed to describe the social values, cultural values, moral values, and religious values in the novel </em><em>Sang Pemimpi</em><em>. The research is a qualitative study using descriptive methods. The data in this study is a form of social values, cultural values, </em><em>religius </em><em>values and moral </em><em>on Sang Pemimpi</em><em> novel by Andrea Hirata. Data source is </em><em>Sang Pemimpi</em><em> novel by Andrea Hirata. Data collection techniques in this study are: (1) to read and understand the Novel </em><em>Sang Pemimpi</em><em> by Andrea Hirata, and (2) give coding by underlining sentences containing social values, cultural values and political values in the note of the novel </em><em>Sang Pemimpi</em><em> by Andrea Hirata all data regarding speech acts in a novel study. While the steps in analyzing data are: (1) read data that has been </em><em>record</em><em>ed, (2) classify or record data for the purpose for researchers based on the novel </em><em>Sang Pemimpi</em><em> by Andrea Hirata, (3) interpreting or interpretation of data for the purpose of research is to analyze the novel Sang </em><em>Pemimpi</em><em> by Andrea Hirata, and (4) make the conclusion of the study. The results of this study stated that extrinsic elements contained in </em><em>Sang Pemimpi</em><em> novel by Andrea Hirata is the value of cultural education, where cultural rights set forth in the novel The Dreamer ie when they are a teenager then it started to work for money. Social educational value, namely the attitude of helping each other like Arai and Mak Cik, and as pastor and Jimbron. the value of religious education that is visible on the pastor and Jimbron, although Jimbron raised by a pastor, but the pastor did not impose his religion on Jimbron. moral and political education value seen in a leader who has no morals and honesty.</em></p><p> </p><p><em>            Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh analisis unsur ekstrinsik novel Sang Pemimpi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan nilai sosial, nilai budaya, nilai politik, nilai moral, dan nilai religius dalam novel Sang Pemimpi. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif. </em><em>Data dalampenelitian iniadalah bentuk nilai sosial,  nilai budaya, nilai realigi dan moral dalam novel Sang Pemimpi karya Andrea Hirata. Sumber datanya adalah novelSang Pemimpi karya Andrea Hirata.Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini adalah: (1) membaca dan memahami Novel Sang Pemimpi karya Andrea Hirata</em><em>, dan (2) </em><em>memberi pengkodean dengan menggarisbawahi kalimat-kalimat yang mengandung nilai sosial, nilai budaya, dan nilai politik dalam Mencatat Novel Sang Pemimpi karya Andrea Hirata  semua data mengenai tindak tutur dalam novel yang diteliti. Sedangkan langkah-langkah dalam menganalisis datanya adalah: (1) membaca data yang sudah dicatat, (2) mengklasifikasikan atau mencatat data sesuai tujuan peneliti berdasarkan novel Sang Pemimpi karya Andrea Hirata, (3) menginterprestasikan atau penafsiran data dengan tujuan penelitian yaitu menganalisis novel Sang Pemimpi karya Andrea Hirata, dan (4) membuat simpulan penelitian.</em><em>Hasil penelitian ini menyatakan bahwa unsur ekstrinsik yang dapat dalam novel Sang Pemimpi karya Andrea Hirata adalah nilai pendidikan budaya, di mana budaya yang tercantum dalam novel Sang Pemimpi yaitu apabila sudah beranjak remaja maka sudah mulai bekerja untuk mencari uang. nilai pendidikan sosial, yaitu adanya sikap saling tolong menolong seperti Arai dan Mak Cik, dan seperti pendeta dan Jimbron. nilai pendidikan religius yaitu terlihat pada pendeta dan Jimbron, walaupun Jimbron diasuh oleh seorang Pendeta, tetapi pendeta tersebut tidak memaksakan agamanya pada Jimbron. nilai pendidikan moral dan politik terlihat pada seorang pemimpin yang tidak mempunyai moral dan kejujuran.</em></p>

Exchange Systems in Late Postclassic Mesoamerica: Comparing Open and Restricted Markets at Tlaxcallan, Mexico, and Santa Rita Corozal, Belize

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 780-799
Author(s):  
Marc D. Marino ◽  
Lane F. Fargher ◽  
Nathan J. Meissner ◽  
Lucas R. Martindale Johnson ◽  
Richard E. Blanton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Action Theory ◽  
Ethnically Diverse ◽  
Market Development ◽  
Economic Systems ◽  
Open Market ◽  
Projectile Points ◽  
The Social ◽  
Late Postclassic ◽  
Open Markets ◽  
Social Sectors

In premodern economic systems where the social embedding of exchange provided actors with the ability to control or monopolize trade, including the goods that enter and leave a marketplace, “restricted markets” formed. These markets produced external revenues that could be used to achieve political goals. Conversely, commercialized systems required investment in public goods that incentivize the development of market cooperation and “open markets,” where buyers and sellers from across social sectors and diverse communities could engage in exchange as economic equals within marketplaces. In this article, we compare market development at the Late Postclassic sites of Chetumal, Belize, and Tlaxcallan, Mexico. We identified a restricted market at Chetumal, using the distribution of exotic goods, particularly militarily and ritually charged obsidian projectile points; in contrast, an open market was built at Tlaxcallan. Collective action theory provides a useful framework to understand these differences in market development. We argue that Tlaxcaltecan political architects adopted more collective strategies, in which open markets figured, to encourage cooperation among an ethnically diverse population.

scholarly journals Silent Non-Exit and Broken Voice. Early Postcommunist Social Policies as Protest-Preempting Strategies

Südosteuropa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 150-174
Author(s):  
Pieter Vanhuysse
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Social Policy ◽  
Interest Groups ◽  
Action Theory ◽  
Political Sociology ◽  
New Democracies ◽  
Social Policies ◽  
The Social ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Distributive Conflict

Abstract This essay contributes to the development of an analytical political sociology examination of postcommunist policy pathways and applies such an analysis in a reinterpretation of the social policy pathways taken by Hungary and Poland. During the critical historical juncture of the early 1990s, governments in these new democracies used social policies to proactively create new labor market outsiders (rather than merely accommodate or deal with existing outsiders) in an effort to stifle disruptive repertoires of political voice. Microcollective action theory helps to elucidate how the break-up of hitherto relatively homogeneous clusters of threatened workers into newly competing interest groups shaped the nature of distributive conflict in the formative first decade of these new democracies. In this light, we see how the analytical political sociology of postcommunist social policy can advance and modify current, predominantly Western-oriented theories of insider/outsider conflict and welfare retrenchment policy, and can inform future debates about emerging social policy biases in Eastern Europe.

scholarly journals Speech Acts in the Facebook Status Updates Posted by an Apostate

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azweed Mohamad ◽  
Radzuwan Ab Rashid ◽  
Kamariah Yunus ◽  
Shireena Basree Abdul Rahman ◽  
Saadiyah Darus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Expressive Speech ◽  
Social Actions ◽  
The Social ◽  
Data Collection Period ◽  
Collection Period ◽  
Made In

This paper discusses the speech acts in Facebook Status Updates posted by an apostate of Islam. The Facebook Timeline was observed for a duration of two years (January 2015 to December 2016). More than 4000 postings were made in the data collection period. However, only 648 postings are related to apostasy. The data were classified according to the types of speech acts. Expressive speech act is the most frequent speech act (33%, n=215), followed by the directive (27%, n=177), assertive (22%, n=141), and commissive (18%, n=115), respectively. Based on the speech acts used, it is discernible that the apostate attempts to engage other Facebook users and persuade them into accepting her ideology while gaining their support. This paper is novel in the sense that it puts forth the social actions of an apostate which is very scarce in literature. It is also methodologically innovative as it uses social media postings as a tool to explore the apostate’s social actions in an online space.

scholarly journals La construcción de los sujetos en el discurso del expresidente Uribe Vélez: un análisis desde las tonalidades valorativas y los actos de habla

2013 ◽  
pp. 103
Author(s):  
Lil Martha Arrieta Arvilla
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
Research Study ◽  
Social Orientation ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
The Social ◽  
Political Speeches ◽  
Actos De Habla ◽  
Methodological Aspects

ResumenEl objetivo de este artículo es presentar los aspectos teórico-metodológicos y los resultados de una investigación sobre la construcción de los sujetos en el discurso del presidente de ColombiaÁlvaro Uribe Vélez (2002-2010). En esta se propone evidenciar la orientación social del discurso y el uso de procedimientos que instauran un ethos de credibilidad en la sociedad, y que seconstituyen en mecanismos de control y de legitimación del poder. Lo anterior a partir de la descripción de las tonalidades valorativas y los actos de habla, categorías inscritas en la propuesta de dinámica enunciativa de Martínez, María Cristina (2002, 2005).Palabras clave: Análisis del discurso político, ethos, representación, poder, tonalidadesAbstractThe aim of this paper is to present the theoretical-methodological aspects and results of a research study about the construction of subjects in the speeches of President Alvaro Uribe of Colombia(2002-2010). The purpose is to evidence the social orientation of speech and the use of procedures that establish an ethos of credibility in the society, constituted by control mechanisms and legitimationof power. This is done through the description of the appreciative tonalities and speech acts, categories, defined in the declarative dynamic proposal of Martinez, Maria Cristina (2002, 2005).Key words: Analysis of political speeches, ethos, representation, power, appreciative tonalitie 

scholarly journals Analysis of Accessibility to Family Health Centers in Antalya Using GIS

2022 ◽  
Vol 9 (sp) ◽  
pp. 2442-2448
Author(s):  
Orhun Soydan
Keyword(s):  
Social Ties ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Health Centers ◽  
Walking Distance ◽  
Physical Conditions ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Physical Features ◽  
First Time

Family health centers in Turkey started to be implemented for the first time in Düzce in 2004 years within the scope of Law No. 5258. While determining the physical conditions of the places where family health centers are built, the first item in the regulation is that the building should be easily accessible. This situation shows the importance of the subject in terms of accessibility. While determining the features of the places where FHCs will be made, environmental characteristics are also taken into consideration. Environmental features are effective in determining the FHCs location in different ways. These impacts are divided into two groups: the physical features that pavements, roads and parks can include, and the social, cultural and institutional features of neighborhoods that include local social ties and collective activities. From this point of view, the importance of the location of family health centers relative to roads and houses is understood. The aim of this study is to examine the accessibility of Family Health Centers in Konyaaltı, Antalya, on a neighborhood basis using Geographic Information Systems. Konyaaltı has 21 Family Health Centers. As a result of the analyses, it was determined that most of the neighborhoods had problems in terms of accessibility, while a very few of them did not experience problems in terms of accessibility. In terms of the total number of buildings, the ratio of buildings that are 500 meters walking distance from any family health center by using highways is 35.56%. With these rates, 3,634 of the 10,2018 buildings remain within the limits of the regulation. Finally; suggestions were made to increase accessibility to these areas.

scholarly journals How to do things with jokes: Speech acts in standup comedy

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Debra Aarons ◽  
Marc Mierowsky
Keyword(s):  
Speech Acts ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Reciprocal Relationship ◽  
Noticeable Effect ◽  
Social Lives ◽  
Linguistic Pragmatics ◽  
The Social ◽  
State Of Affairs ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Standup Comedy

How to do things with jokes: Speech acts in standup comedyIn How to Do Things with Words (1962), the philosopher John Austin claimed that we use words to do things in the world, not merely to express a state of affairs. This proposal introduced speech acts, and essentially initiated the study of linguistic pragmatics. Speech acts in everyday communication include persuading, apologizing, criticizing, humiliating, complimenting and a host of other intended behaviours. Austin accentuated the idea of speaker intention, on one hand, and hearer’s response to that intention if successfully conveyed, on the other. We consider some of the speech acts used in the work of selected standup comedians to analyse the way they determine the relationship of performer and audience. We argue that there is a reciprocal relationship between the licensing of certain speech acts in standup comedy, and the success of these speech acts in shaping the social lives of the audience. We show that this relationship is at the forefront of standup comedy’s social impact and that it can generate heightened consciousness of the social and political environment of the time.  Finally, we consider the question of whether socially critical standup can have any noticeable effect on the attitudes or behaviour of both live and digitally mediated audiences.

scholarly journals Geoepistemology of the “dangerous individual”: Spaces of incarceration as dispositives

Sociologija ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 730-749 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dusan Marinkovic ◽  
Dusan Ristic
Keyword(s):  
Michel Foucault ◽  
Main Hypothesis ◽  
Physical Conditions ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Technologies ◽  
Total Institutions

The main hypothesis of this paper is that spaces of incarceration are dispositives of the historical and social appearance of the ?dangerous individual?. We assume that spaces of incarceration historically precede the appearance of medicalization and other social technologies of power/knowledge. These spaces geoepistemology in which space is a dispositive for articulation of the technologies and practices of power/knowledge through medicalization, pathologization, psychiatrization, criminalization, hospitalization or sexualization of the ?dangerous individual?. Geoepistemology as the analytics of space, relies heavily on the works of Michel Foucault, from whom came the impulse towards the research of the spaces for incarceration of Others - ?dangerous individuals?. Along with the interpretations of Foucault?s heterotopias, we consider Gofman?s notion of total institutions as the complementary concept. We conclude that spaces of incarceration were not just physical conditions, barriers or the background scenery, but the key dispositives for the genesis and development of the social technologies of power/knowledge - in the first instance medical and corrective.

scholarly journals Social inferences from the use of just as an exclusive particle

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 746
Author(s):  
William C. Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Recent Work ◽  
Social Perception ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
Social Meaning ◽  
Semantic Meaning ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Meanings ◽  
Discourse Particle ◽  
Social Inferences

Recent work has begun to investigate the interaction between semantics and social meaning. This study contributes to that line of inquiry by investigating how particular social meanings that are popularly believed to arise from the English discourse particle just are related to the conventional semantic meaning of just. In addition to proposing an inferential process by which the social meanings associated with just arise, this paper reports the results of a social perception experiment designed to test whether those social inferences arise when just is used in particular speech acts and whether they depend on the speaker’s gender and level of authority relative to the addressee. The use of just was found to significantly increase the perceived insecurity of men but not of women. This suggests that listeners may more strongly perceive speaker qualities that stereotypes cause them not to expect.

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