Neither Global Nor Standard: Corporate Strategies in the New Era of Labor Standards

10.1068/a3789 ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 37 (11) ◽  
pp. 1919-1938 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Christopherson ◽  
Nathan Lillie
Keyword(s):  
Country Of Origin ◽  
Transnational Corporation ◽  
Marketing Strategies ◽  
Labor Standards ◽  
New Era ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
Corporate Strategies ◽  
Labor Practices ◽  
National Market ◽  
Market Governance

Two multinational retail firms, IKEA and Wal-Mart, illuminate the implications of a new era of labor standards—focused on the transnational firm. Global labor standards are increasingly enforced through transnational corporation (TNC) adherence to voluntary codes rather than through national labor regulation. Nonetheless, privatized labor-standards regimes within TNCs continue to be influenced by the national market governance framework in the TNC country of origin. Although, in principle, labor standards are arrived at through global political processes, in practice they are applied in conjunction with TNC production and marketing strategies. The way in which corporate objectives intersect with labor practices is different from one TNC to another, depending in large part on political and regulatory influences in the country of origin of a particular TNC.

Marketing Strategies Of Apparel Retailing Trade Some Opportunities And Challenges In The New Era

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (12) ◽  
pp. 158-160
Author(s):  
N.Sumathi N.Sumathi ◽  
◽  
Dr.P.Vikkraman Dr.P.Vikkraman
Keyword(s):  
Marketing Strategies ◽  
New Era

scholarly journals Rethinking Offshoring and International Marketing Strategies during the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (spe) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luíza Fonseca ◽  
Angela da Rocha
Keyword(s):  
International Marketing ◽  
Country Of Origin ◽  
Marketing Strategies ◽  
Top Management ◽  
Small Companies ◽  
International Expansion ◽  
Teaching Case ◽  
Global Expansion ◽  
Consumer Animosity ◽  
Communication Processes

ABSTRACT This teaching case focuses on the national and international expansion of IGT Motors, a Brazilian company operating in the market for twenty years that has moved most of its production to China since 2010. Nearly after the company started searching for new markets abroad and adapted its internal and communication processes to comply with other countries’ preferences and regulations, the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic led top management to rethink its production and marketing strategies, specifically hit by involving China, country of origin of the virus. The case is about how small companies in the midst of a global expansion can deal with unexpected scenarios and emerging crisis, engaging students to reflect upon the initiatives that might be taken to overcome issues such as consumer animosity, but also to make the company less susceptible to similar situations in the future.

Corporate Supply Chains and the Challenge of Labor Standards

2018 ◽  
pp. 75-103
Author(s):  
Purna Prabhakar Nandamuri ◽  
Rekh Raj Jain ◽  
Vijayudu Gnanamkonda
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chains ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Labor Standards ◽  
Forced Labor ◽  
Pacific Region ◽  
Labor Practices ◽  
Legal Provisions ◽  
Modern Slavery ◽  
Multiple Levels ◽  
Manufacturing Network

The global manufacturing network facilitates the complex and opaque supply chains, comprising multiple levels of subcontracting which provide an easy scope for modern slavery through unfair labor practices. Global supply chains accommodate around 20% of total workforce. But, it is estimated, at any given moment that approximately three out of every thousand people on the planet are suffering in some form of forced labor, which is more prevalent in the Asia-Pacific region, which accounts for around 56% of the global total. Further, about 90% of the forced labor are exploited in the private economy. However, most of the successful corporates along with the governments understand the need to combat this global menace through strong legislation. The chapter attempts to analyze the major legal provisions of the prevailing labor standards framework in India, along with the pertinent case laws.

The central role of the reputation of country-of-origin firms in developing markets

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 349-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadia Jiménez ◽  
Sonia San-Martin
Keyword(s):  
Purchase Intention ◽  
Country Of Origin ◽  
Marketing Strategies ◽  
Target Market ◽  
Psychological Variables ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Developing Markets ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Cultural Openness

Purpose This study aims to test the central role of the perceived reputation of country-of-origin (COO) firms between cultural and socio-psychological variables and management and economic variables that help to explain the multi-faceted phenomenon of COO on a developing market. It also tests the moderator role of ethnocentrism, which is the objective of recommending different segment marketing strategies for international firms. Design/methodology/approach The study opted for the structure equation modelling methodology to analyze data collected from 274 Mexican car owners who evaluate Korean automobiles. Findings The results show that the COO reputation of firms from a developing market has a mediating role on the relationship between cultural openness and animosity and trust, risk and purchase intention, but the consequents of the perceived reputation of COO vary depending on the level of consumers’ ethnocentrism. Research limitations/implications Firms seeking to internationalize need to find out how to overcome the hurdle of target market animosity, to increase the cultural openness and to promote trust and purchases in international markets; at the same time, they reduce the perception of risk. In this sense, it might help to increase the perceived reputation of COO firms and to use different marketing strategies according to the target market. Originality/value This study analyzes reputation of firms associated to a COO as a signal that can help to solve purchase decisions in the relationship between consumers and firms from developing markets and also corroborates its role as a mediator factor. In addition, this study empirically tests how animosity and cultural openness influence perceived reputation of COO firms, relationships that has scarcely been studied in literature. This study has also found that less and more ethnocentric consumers have differences in how the COO cues influence on their evaluations and behaviour. Finally, as insufficient consumer research has been conducted into emerging and developing markets, this study focuses on consumers from a developing country and regards automobiles from an emerging country.

scholarly journals Integrated technologies, advances and benefits in Industry 4.0

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-38
Author(s):  
Selman Duran ◽  
Gulgun Sengil
Keyword(s):  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Marketing Strategies ◽  
Competitive Environment ◽  
New Era ◽  
Current Period ◽  
Technology Revolution ◽  
Conceptual Explanation ◽  
New Situation ◽  
Day By Day

Expressing the digitalization of industry in today's world which is rapidly developing day by day, Industry 4.0 is accepted as the most important technology revolution of our time. This shows that a new era in production has started and the industry has been digitized. In order to adapt to this change, companies should actively follow the innovations and shape the organizational structure accordingly. However, if this is the case, we can respond to the expectations of the current period. That is why it is necessary to activate Industry 4.0 after learning all aspects of it and to develop marketing strategies that can adapt to this digital age. In today's competitive environment, it is inevitable to act integrated into this new situation. This study is designed to emphasize how important it is to identify Industry 4.0 and the most heavily affected marketing strategies from it. It is also a review of the conceptual explanation of Industry 4.0 and the importance of advances in new technologies.

Strategic Sustainability Marketing and Social Responsibility in the Textile Industry

2019 ◽  
pp. 213-246
Author(s):  
Katja Schneider ◽  
Marlen Gabriele Arnold
Keyword(s):  
Community Involvement ◽  
Textile Industry ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Social Sustainability ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Iso 26000 ◽  
Corporate Strategies ◽  
Labor Practices ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
Sustainability Challenges

The global social, economic, and ecological sustainability challenges are immense, particularly in Africa. Given the continent's specific characteristics, there is a strong need to either shape “traditional” business models or to consider alternative corporate strategies. Those should in particular foster social change and progress through economic development. Social entrepreneurship is regarded as such an alternative approach. In addition, stronger aligning firms' business models to CSR dimensions as laid out in international standards such as ISO 26000 might be a valuable trajectory. By using an exploratory comparative case design and qualitatively analyzing the websites of four African textile companies, this chapter illustrates how social sustainability is being pursued. The findings suggest that sustainability-oriented textile companies strongly emphasize social sustainability, in particular labor practices, community involvement, and development. This enables further research on drivers and implications for sustainability marketing strategies in global textile value chains.

Introduction

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Sarosh Kuruvilla
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chains ◽  
Code Of Conduct ◽  
Labor Standards ◽  
Global Supply Chains ◽  
Corporate Code ◽  
Private Regulation ◽  
Voluntary Regulation ◽  
Labor Practices ◽  
Global Corporations ◽  
Improve Compliance

This introductory chapter provides a background of private regulation of labor standards in global supply chains. Over the past three decades, there has been a plethora of private, voluntary regulatory initiatives with regard to social (labor) and environmental issues. This proliferation has come about in part because of pressure from antiglobalizers calling for global governance, and consumer and activist movements calling for global corporations to be more socially and environmentally responsible. There are many different methods of private voluntary regulation for labor standards, but the most common is the private regulation model. It has three elements: setting of standards regarding labor practices in global supply chains through a corporate code of conduct generally based on the conventions of the International Labour Organization; “auditing” or “social auditing” that involves monitoring whether supplier factories comply with the code of conduct; and incentives for suppliers to improve compliance by linking future sourcing decisions to their compliance records (penalizing or dropping noncompliant suppliers and rewarding more compliant ones). The book looks at the current state and future trajectory of this form of private regulation.

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