A new, field-proven, cost-effective solution for MEG regeneration unit issues in offshore Australia gas production

Several gas fields are being developed off the coast of Western Australia. The risk for hydrate blockages in these fields is high and presents several challenges for hydrate inhibition, including high subcoolings, low water salinities, and high system temperatures. The current strategy is to use mono-ethylene glycol (MEG) for hydrate inhibition, which includes MEG regeneration units (MRUs) in the design of the facilities. The installation and maintenance of MRUs capable of handling the large required volumes of MEG is costly and other issues such as scale, foaming, and accumulation are a concern when using an MRU. Therefore, the use of a low dosage hydrate inhibitor (LDHI) is being considered for some developments. Kinetic hydrate inhibitors (KHIs) are typically considered for gas fields, not anti-agglomerate low dosage hydrate inhibitors (AA-LDHIs). KHIs, however, are not effective at high subcoolings and can become unstable when subjected to the high temperatures of the MRUs. Instead, a new generation of AA-LDHI chemistry can be considered for Australian gas fields. Field data will be presented supporting the new AA-LDHI’s effectiveness in inhibiting hydrate blockages in a gas/condensate field, eliminating the need for MEG and the MRU. The new AA-LDHI chemistry is being evaluated for several Australia projects, and data supporting the chemistry’s stability at temperatures greater than 150°C and its effectiveness with low-water salinities will also be presented. The new AA-LDHI chemistry could eliminate the need for MEG or greatly reduce the volume of MEG required for inhibition, which would reduce CAPEX and OPEX.

Download Full-text

Three‐dimensional seismic exploration—A cost‐effective approach

Geophysics ◽

10.1190/1.1442710 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 54 (7) ◽

pp. 815-823

Author(s):

F. M. Peterson ◽

W. C. Reynish

Keyword(s):

Data Processing ◽

Field Data ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Seismic Exploration ◽

Effective Solution ◽

Total Cost ◽

Oil Companies ◽

Cost Effective Approach ◽

Data Field

Three‐dimensional (3-D) seismic prospecting is generally perceived as a very expensive tool that is not suitable for use by other than major oil companies or for the solution of conventional exploration geophysics problems. We illustrate how 3-D techniques were used to provide a very cost‐effective solution to a specific exploration project. A basic geologic and historical seismic outline establishes the economic and environmental framework for the survey. Drilling results and comparisons with conventional data illustrate the effectiveness of the 3-D approach. This survey was carried out during February of 1982 in the Black Creek basin of northwestern Alberta. Prolific and abundant Devonian Keg River pinnacle reefs with reserves in the 0.2 to 100 million barrel recoverable categories provide the exploration target. A prospective area of approximately [Formula: see text] was covered with a 165 ft subsurface grid of 1200 percent CDP data. Field data were acquired with a conventional 96-trace dynamite crew using a rolling, crossed‐array technique. Data processing was carried out with a flexible, conventional seismic processing package, including wavelet deconvolution, surface‐consistent statics, 3-D migration, and geologic slice displays. Total cost of the survey was $50,000 Canadian per sq mi. This paper demonstrates the interpretive power of 3-D surveys.

Download Full-text

New Hybrid Approach for Developing Automated Machine Learning Workflows: A Real Case Application in Evaluation of Marcellus Shale Gas Production

Fuels ◽

10.3390/fuels2030017 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (3) ◽

pp. 286-303

Author(s):

Vuong Van Pham ◽

Ebrahim Fathi ◽

Fatemeh Belyadi

Keyword(s):

Artificial Intelligence ◽

Machine Learning ◽

Shale Gas ◽

Field Data ◽

Marcellus Shale ◽

Hybrid Approach ◽

Gas Production ◽

Bayesian Optimization ◽

Real Field ◽

Engineering Problems

The success of machine learning (ML) techniques implemented in different industries heavily rely on operator expertise and domain knowledge, which is used in manually choosing an algorithm and setting up the specific algorithm parameters for a problem. Due to the manual nature of model selection and parameter tuning, it is impossible to quantify or evaluate the quality of this manual process, which in turn limits the ability to perform comparison studies between different algorithms. In this study, we propose a new hybrid approach for developing machine learning workflows to help automated algorithm selection and hyperparameter optimization. The proposed approach provides a robust, reproducible, and unbiased workflow that can be quantified and validated using different scoring metrics. We have used the most common workflows implemented in the application of artificial intelligence (AI) and ML in engineering problems including grid/random search, Bayesian search and optimization, genetic programming, and compared that with our new hybrid approach that includes the integration of Tree-based Pipeline Optimization Tool (TPOT) and Bayesian optimization. The performance of each workflow is quantified using different scoring metrics such as Pearson correlation (i.e., R2 correlation) and Mean Square Error (i.e., MSE). For this purpose, actual field data obtained from 1567 gas wells in Marcellus Shale, with 121 features from reservoir, drilling, completion, stimulation, and operation is tested using different proposed workflows. A proposed new hybrid workflow is then used to evaluate the type well used for evaluation of Marcellus shale gas production. In conclusion, our automated hybrid approach showed significant improvement in comparison to other proposed workflows using both scoring matrices. The new hybrid approach provides a practical tool that supports the automated model and hyperparameter selection, which is tested using real field data that can be implemented in solving different engineering problems using artificial intelligence and machine learning. The new hybrid model is tested in a real field and compared with conventional type wells developed by field engineers. It is found that the type well of the field is very close to P50 predictions of the field, which shows great success in the completion design of the field performed by field engineers. It also shows that the field average production could have been improved by 8% if shorter cluster spacing and higher proppant loading per cluster were used during the frac jobs.

Download Full-text

Innovative and Cost-Effective Solution for Large-Scale Printing Tasks

2021 10th International Conference on Educational and Information Technology (ICEIT) ◽

10.1109/iceit51700.2021.9375559 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Abdullah Almurayh ◽

Feras AlTarouti

Keyword(s):

Large Scale ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Effective Solution

Download Full-text

Involvement in Catalonia of the Anaesthesiology and Resuscitation Services in the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. A real, cost-effective solution to an unprecedented health crisis

Revista Española de Anestesiología y Reanimación (English Edition) ◽

10.1016/j.redare.2020.05.016 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

R.M. Villalonga Vadell ◽

X. Sala Blanch ◽

J. Roigé Solé ◽

X. Garcia Eroles ◽

C. Morros Viñoles ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cost Effective ◽

Effective Solution ◽

Health Crisis ◽

Real Cost

Download Full-text

High throughput estimates of Wolbachia, Zika and chikungunya infection in Aedes aegypti by near-infrared spectroscopy to improve arbovirus surveillance

Communications Biology ◽

10.1038/s42003-020-01601-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Lilha M. B. Santos ◽

Mathijs Mutsaers ◽

Gabriela A. Garcia ◽

Mariana R. David ◽

Márcio G. Pavan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Infrared Spectroscopy ◽

Aedes Aegypti ◽

Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽

Field Data ◽

Near Infrared ◽

Wild Population ◽

Infection Type ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Full Capacity ◽

Arbovirus Surveillance

AbstractDeployment of Wolbachia to mitigate dengue (DENV), Zika (ZIKV) and chikungunya (CHIKV) transmission is ongoing in 12 countries. One way to assess the efficacy of Wolbachia releases is to determine invasion rates within the wild population of Aedes aegypti following their release. Herein we evaluated the accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of the Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) in estimating the time post death, ZIKV-, CHIKV-, and Wolbachia-infection in trapped dead female Ae. aegypti mosquitoes over a period of 7 days. Regardless of the infection type, time post-death of mosquitoes was accurately predicted into four categories (fresh, 1 day old, 2–4 days old and 5–7 days old). Overall accuracies of 93.2, 97 and 90.3% were observed when NIRS was used to detect ZIKV, CHIKV and Wolbachia in dead Ae. aegypti female mosquitoes indicating NIRS could be potentially applied as a rapid and cost-effective arbovirus surveillance tool. However, field data is required to demonstrate the full capacity of NIRS for detecting these infections under field conditions.

Download Full-text

Cost effective solution for surveillance of metro ring optical networks

2013 High Capacity Optical Networks and Emerging/Enabling Technologies ◽

10.1109/honet.2013.6729781 ◽

2013 ◽

Author(s):

Habib Fathallah

Keyword(s):

Optical Networks ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Effective Solution

Download Full-text

BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT OF COLLECTION SYSTEM ODORS IS THE MOST COST EFFECTIVE SOLUTION

Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation ◽

10.2175/193864704784327593 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 2004 (3) ◽

pp. 620-630

Author(s):

Stefan Haecker ◽

Joseph B. Cheatham ◽

Robert J. Gaudes

Keyword(s):

Biological Treatment ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Effective Solution ◽

Collection System

Download Full-text

Multiphase Transient Slugging Flow in Subsea Oil and Gas Production

Volume 5: Pipelines, Risers, and Subsea Systems ◽

10.1115/omae2016-55137 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Zhenhua Zhang ◽

Longbin Tao

Keyword(s):

Data Analysis ◽

Temperature Distribution ◽

Numerical Model ◽

Slug Flow ◽

Field Data ◽

Oil And Gas ◽

Gas Production ◽

Worst Case ◽

Oil And Gas Production ◽

Significant Difference

Slug flow in horizontal pipelines and riser systems in deep sea has been proved as one of the challenging flow assurance issues. Large and fluctuating gas/liquid rates can severely reduce production and, in the worst case, shut down, depressurization or damage topside equipment, such as separator, vessels and compressors. Previous studies are primarily based on experimental investigations of fluid properties with air/water as working media in considerably scaled down model pipes, and the results cannot be simply extrapolated to full scale due to the significant difference in Reynolds number and other fluid conditions. In this paper, the focus is on utilizing practical shape of pipe, working conditions and fluid data for simulation and data analysis. The study aims to investigate the transient multiphase slug flow in subsea oil and gas production based on the field data, using numerical model developed by simulator OLGA and data analysis. As the first step, cases with field data have been modelled using OLGA and validated by comparing with the results obtained using PIPESYS in steady state analysis. Then, a numerical model to predict slugging flow characteristics under transient state in pipeline and riser system was set up using multiphase flow simulator OLGA. One of the highlights of the present study is the new transient model developed by OLGA with an added capacity of newly developed thermal model programmed with MATLAB in order to represent the large variable temperature distribution of the riser in deep water condition. The slug characteristics in pipelines and temperature distribution of riser are analyzed under the different temperature gradients along the water depth. Finally, the depressurization during a shut-down and then restart procedure considering hydrate formation checking is simulated. Furthermore, slug length, pressure drop and liquid hold up in the riser are predicted under the realistic field development scenarios.

Download Full-text