Evolution of the American Petroleum Institute ANSI standard for fatigue risk management systems in the refining and petrochemical industry

2011 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 698
Author(s):  
Angela Baker
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Petrochemical Industry ◽  
American Petroleum Institute ◽  
National Standards ◽  
Chemical Safety ◽  
International Consensus ◽  
Oil Companies ◽  
Industry Standards ◽  
Sleep Physiology ◽  
Industry Associations

During the past five years, a broad international consensus has emerged in many 24/7 industries regarding the optimal way to manage and reduce employee fatigue risk: via a process called a fatigue risk management system (FRMS). Government regulatory agencies, industry associations and many businesses with 24/7 operations have recently incorporated an FRMS into their regulations, industry standards, and their corporate policies. The development of the American Petroleum Institute (API) and American National Standards Institute's (ANSI) standard for FRMSs in the refining and petrochemical industries began after the US Chemical Safety Board (CSB) released its report on the 2005 Texas City Refinery explosion. The CSB report highlighted concerns about some of the operators on duty being on their 30th consecutive 12-hour shift. API decided to take a proactive approach and develop an industry standard by forming a committee of industry managers from many of the oil companies, union representatives, industry associations and scientific experts in circadian sleep physiology and fatigue in shiftwork operations. During the course of extensive consultations during a two year period, a clear consensus emerged that hours of service rules would be inadequate by themselves. A clear consensus emerged that a comprehensive scientifically-based, data driven FRMS was a superior and feasible tool for effectively managing fatigue risk. API developed a standards document published in April 2010 as API/ANSI RP-755 that makes FRMS the operating standard for managing employee fatigue risk in the refining and petrochemical industry. The extended abstract reviews the considerations that went into developing the ANSI standard, issues that were resolved and progress and hurdles faced by the many petrochemical companies as they are now progressively implementing ANSI RP-755 as a continuously-improving FRMS process.

A COMPARISON OF REGULATIONS RELATED TO THE OIL SPCC PROGRAM

1989 ◽  
Vol 1989 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-26
Author(s):  
Sandra K. Novotny ◽  
Thearin R. Wendel
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
National Fire Protection Association ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
American Petroleum Institute ◽  
National Standards ◽  
Trade Association ◽  
Technical Standards ◽  
Regulatory Changes ◽  
Industry Standards ◽  
And Storage

ABSTRACT Several federal agencies regulate selected aspects of the production, refining, transportation, and storage of petroleum and petroleum products. Based on analyses of such programs, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) may propose modifications to the Oil Spill Prevention, Control, and Countermeasures (SPCC) program. These proposed changes would be likely to result in improved consistency with other government and industry standards. Regulatory changes may occur in two extensive and significant areas: adoption of specific and widely recognized industry and regulatory tank standards, and mandatory contingency planning at all facilities covered by the SPCC regulations. Relevant industrial, trade association, and technical standards generated by the American Petroleum Institute, the Underwriters Laboratories, Inc., the National Fire Protection Association, the American National Standards Institute, and the National Association of Corrosion Engineers have been reviewed for applicability to the SPCC regulations. Areas of concern include materials specifications, welding requirements, pressure testing prior to service, overpressure and vacuum relief requirements, design specifications, hydrostatic testing requirements, and siting specifications.

Leveraging HCA Results in an Advanced Pipeline Risk Assessment Model

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Otto Huisman ◽  
Ricardo Almandoz ◽  
Thomas Schuster ◽  
Adriana Andrade Caballero ◽  
Leonardo Martinez Forero
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
American Petroleum Institute ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
South American ◽  
Risk Assessment Model ◽  
Industry Standards ◽  
Management Approaches ◽  
American Society ◽  
The Impact

Pipeline risk analysis is a common step carried out by operators in their overall Pipeline Integrity Management Process. There is a growing realization among operators of the need to adopt more proactive risk management approaches. This has brought about increased demand for more quantitative models to support risk reduction decision-making. Consequences of failure are a key component of these models where enhanced quantitative approaches can be deployed. Impacts to the environment and upon populations are key issues which both operators and regulatory bodies seek to minimize. Pipeline risk models and High Consequence Area (HCA) analyses play an increasingly important role in this context by allowing operators to identify a range of potential scenarios and the relative impact to receptors based upon the best available data sources. This paper presents the process and results of an HCA analysis project carried out by ROSEN for a major South American state-owned pipeline operator (hereafter referred to as ‘the Client’). This analysis was implemented using automated GIS processing methods and includes HCA analyses for approximately 2354 km of pipeline. The analysis was based on industry standards for both liquid and gas pipelines (i.e. American Petroleum Institute (API) and American Society of mechanical Engineers (ASME)), but customized for the specific needs of the Client and the South American geographical context. A key use for the results of this analysis is to serve as input for the pipeline risk assessment model jointly developed by ROSEN Integrity Solutions, MACAW Engineering and the Client. The methodology for development of this model is briefly discussed, and operational uses of HCA results are illustrated. The benefits of this project include, but are not limited to, identifying areas that could be severely impacted should a pipeline failure occur, being able to assess the risk profile of credible threats in HCAs, but also being able to prioritize preventative and mitigation measures at HCAs to either reduce the likelihood of failure or the impact of failure upon various receptors.

A Hydraulic Testing Procedure for Polypropylene Pipes Wall Rupture

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-63
Author(s):  
K. Osincev ◽  
N. Kuznecov
Keyword(s):  
Aluminum Foil ◽  
Testing Procedure ◽  
Hydraulic Testing ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
National Standards ◽  
Basic Part ◽  
Reliability Indicators ◽  
Reliability Characteristics ◽  
Industry Standards ◽  
Operation Cycle

Polypropylene pipes have a significant drawback – high values of the heat-stretch factor. Material properties are changing as the temperature rises, and material is exposed to increased pressure in the pipeline. In such a case, operation of polypropylene pipes is becoming unsafe. One of the known methods for heat-stretch reducing is reinforcement. Reinforcement is performed with aluminum foil or fiberglass. The properties of reinforced polypropylene pipes have not been fully investigating. Such pipes must go through a long operation cycle in order to enterprises could evaluate their properties, primarily such reliability characteristics as infallibility, maintainability, lifetime, and storability. There are no separate Russian National Standards for the properties and characteristics of polypropylene pipes, and for their types in Russia, as well as standard methods for hydraulic tests on destructive inspection at manufacturers. In industry, as well as in housing and utilities sector, are used pipeline valves of different purpose. Reliable and safe enterprise operation depends on the smooth running of equipment, pipelines and valves. In this regard, authors propose to consider valves and pipeline together at determining of reliability indicators. A method of destructive inspection is proposed, whereby the valves and the pipeline are tested together, that are corresponding to the most probable scenarios for the emergency development. The concept basic part includes the definition of a mandatory algorithm for destructive inspection actions during hydraulic testing of polypropylene pipes on a test load. Strength test methods for ball valves, pipelines and their joints have been described in the relevant Interstate, Federal or Industry Standards and Regulations. However, it is advisable to introduce additional standards for static strength testing of polypropylene pipes. The new standard will allow single out reinforced polypropylene pipes in a separate category, provide a definition for such pipes, and also take into account the influence of external factors on the condition of pipelines, their connections and valves.

With the Advanced Management Concept to Guide Reform of Teaching Content "Petroleum Engineering HSE Risk Management" Master Course Teaching Reform

2011 ◽  
Vol 187 ◽  
pp. 815-819
Author(s):  
Wen Hua Li ◽  
Chun Bi Xu ◽  
Ju Mei Liu
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Safety Management ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Petroleum Engineering ◽  
Security Technology ◽  
Management Reform ◽  
Course Content ◽  
Oil Companies ◽  
Teaching Content ◽  
Management Concepts

Chongqing Science and Technology University carried out the petroleum engineering security technology of well control technology as the representative teaching and research work, which formed domestic brands and advantages, was recognized by oil companies and Oil University. Petroleum Engineering HSE risk management" is one of the important quality course content. We introduced safety management concepts of DuPont are in the "petroleum engineering HSE Risk Management" course construction, brought "Security Experience Share" into the classroom and strengthened the cooperation of research and teaching, promote the teaching content updates. The application of advanced management concepts effectively promotes the "petroleum engineering HSE risk management" reform of teaching contents.

scholarly journals Learning from Failure: China's Overseas Oil Investments

2013 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susana Moreira
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Political Risk ◽  
Oil Industry ◽  
The Political ◽  
Oil Companies ◽  
National Oil Companies ◽  
Learning From Failure ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Poor Management

Thirsty for oil and other raw materials needed to fuel its breakneck development, China is funnelling money and manpower into an expanding number of countries in order to secure access to natural resources. This effort has successfully increased Chinese oil assets overseas but it has also exposed Beijing and Chinese national oil companies (NOCs) to significant risks. The present paper focuses on one type of risk – political risk – and how it has affected China's global quest for oil since 1993. It starts with a brief overview of political risk. It then looks at political risk management as applied to the oil industry in general. The paper continues with a discussion of the political risk management of Chinese national oil companies over time. This includes a concise examination of several instances in which the interests of Chinese NOCs have been undermined due to poor management of political risk. Recent developments suggest that Chinese NOCs are learning from these mistakes and adjusting their strategies accordingly. Still China's own socio-political context continues to hamper the ability of Chinese NOCs to deal with on-the-ground realities that are clearly much more unstable than their own.

The Snorre A 2004 Blowout and Its Impact on Drilling and Well Operations Today

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claas H. van der Zwaag ◽  
Thor Paulsen
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Management System ◽  
Process Management ◽  
Dead Weight ◽  
Work Requirements ◽  
Well Control ◽  
Rigorous Approach ◽  
Industry Standards ◽  
Corporate System

Abstract The Snorre A blowout on well P-31 A on November 28, 2004, was a well control incident that sent percussions into our national and corporate HSE management systems. These percussions still resonate in our everyday work as a part of a comprehensive set of rules which encompass national regulations, industry standards, corporate functional, technical, or work requirements, as well as an integrated governing work process management system. Some of these rules have been embraced with a positive attitude and are now a natural part of our day-to-day work. They prepare for technical, organizational, and operational barriers that secure the safety of all personnel, shield the value of our investments and assets, and protect the environment. Some of these rules, however, may be perceived as dead weight and barriers in the sense of hindrances that may hamper an efficient workday and fill our agenda with many formal demands and obligations. This paper pinpoints and reviews "the change in rules" that the Snorre incident caused regarding planning, execution, and follow-up of drilling and well (D+W) operations on government, industry, and corporate level. The major failures that the investigations of the incident revealed have been handled diligently in our corporate system. In this paper, we track how management involvement, management of change, and "compliance and leadership" work in practice. The day-to-day tasks to prepare for safe D+W operations and to secure the integrity of wells in operations are explained. As an illustrative exercise, we are setting up a hypothetical plan for Snorre P-31 A as the D+W operations would have been planned today. This is done by outlining well barrier schematics, risk assessments, and the processes to handle deviations from technical or work requirements. Our objective is to explain that risk management in the planning and the execution of D+W operations and for wells in operations is coherent. To avoid the recurrence of incidents such as Snorre P-31 A, a systematic and rigorous approach is in use that makes it likely to capture inadequate well integrity conditions. This approach links high-end government regulations to sharp-end detailed operational risk management in our HSE management system.

Comparison of the Strength Design and Prevention Method of Elephant Foot Buckling Among Countries’ Standards of Oil Tanks

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiping Chen ◽  
Bo Sun ◽  
Chulin Yu ◽  
Zhou Fang ◽  
Ming Zeng
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
National Standards ◽  
Side Plate ◽  
Oil Companies ◽  
Oil Reserves ◽  
Compressive Stresses ◽  
Strength Design ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Oil Tanks

In China a large number of tanks whose volumes are greater than 100000 m3 are necessary to be built for establishing the oil reserves system with four levels, which include national strategic oil reserve, commercial oil reserves in the three major oil companies, oil reserves in local governments and general enterprises. Oil tanks built in China were mostly welded tanks and on the ground. The difference among the methods of the strength design of the tank side plate designed by countries’ standards such as API 650, JIS B 8501, BS EN 14015 and GB 50341 is discussed. And the reason why API 650 is used by China engineering company is given. Then kinds of prevention methods about the tank wall elephant foot buckling by earthquake which were designed according to different national standards are compared. It is pointed out that the calculation methods of the tank wall’s allowable compressive stresses and longititude compressive stresses designed by national standards are different. At last the existing problems and the appropriate solutions are analyzed briefly.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document