Core scanner technologies: take everything without breaking

Modern core scanning technologies, such as hyperspectral CoreScan™ or X-ray fluorescence (XRF) Itrax, which allow data acquisition without the necessity of breaking the core for speciality analysis, are receiving increasing interest in coal and CSG industries in the past few years. Such technologies are able to characterise and evaluate mineral matter in greater detail than conventional sampling and analyses, producing mineral maps and mineral/elemental profiles throughout the core. Although mineralogical information is the main output from both techniques, CoreScan™ has the ability of producing organic profiles that allow the recognition of the different lithotypes in the coal based on the spectral reflectance as well as rank, which makes a potential technique for coal quality. On the other hand, XRF Itrax core scanner allies the chemical elemental profile, from major to trace elements, with an X-radiographic image, creating a dynamic duo between stony partings and coal, and within the coal between bright and dull lithotypes, through contrasting image properties. These emerging technologies will allow coal reservoirs to be analysed quickly and reliably without subsampling that could introduce bias from the user.

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THE HORMONAL COMPOSITION OF MILK IN PRODUCTIVE ANIMALS AND ITS SAFETY FOR HUMANS

Problems of Veterinary Sanitation, Hygiene and Ecology ◽

10.36871/vet.san.hyg.ecol.202003005 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 (3) ◽

pp. 313-321

Author(s):

P.A. Popov ◽

◽

V.S. Babunova ◽

Keyword(s):

Trace Elements ◽

Growth Factor ◽

Dairy Products ◽

The Body ◽

The Other ◽

Raw Material ◽

Important Food ◽

The Past ◽

Highly Sensitive ◽

And Control

Hormones are an integral part of milk and throughout lactation, the content of certain hormones is unstable. Hormones regulate the process of starting lactation of animals, the lactation process itself, and also the other functions of the body. Milk is of great importance for the growth of young animals and the formation of immunity. Milk is a special product in the diet and is an important food and raw material for the production of dairy products for people. It contains a large amount of protein, fat, carbohydrates, vitamins and trace elements in biologically available form. But at the same time, over the past few years, more and more evidence has emerged that hormones in dairy products can impact on human health. Thus, some estrogens and insulin-like growth factor IGF-1 are involved in the initiation and provocation of breast, prostate and endometrial tumors. That’s why, it is necessary to normalize and control the content of certain hormones in milk with highly sensitive methods.

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Synthesis, lead lability and ring deformation of three 1,4,8,11,15,18,22,25-octasubstituted phthalocyaninato lead derivatives

Journal of Porphyrins and Phthalocyanines ◽

10.1142/s1088424606000570 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 10 (10) ◽

pp. 1202-1211 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Paul M. Burnham ◽

Isabelle Chambrier ◽

David L. Hughes ◽

Benjamin Isare ◽

Richard J. Poynter ◽

...

Keyword(s):

The Other ◽

Lead Ion ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Steric Interactions ◽

X Ray ◽

The Core ◽

Benzene Rings ◽

Methylene Groups ◽

The Mean ◽

Work Up

The syntheses and attempted syntheses of some non-peripherally (1,4,8,11,15,18,22,25) octasubstituted lead phthalocyanines from their corresponding metal-free derivatives are described. Some compounds exhibited lability of the lead ion during work-up to regenerate the starting material. The results of single crystal X-ray diffraction analyses of 1,4,8,11,15,18,22,25-octahexyl-, 1,4,8,11,15,18,22,25-octa-iso-pentyl- and 1,4,8,11,15,18,22,25-octahexylsulfanyl lead phthalocyanines are reported and cast some light on the greater stability of 1,4,8,11,15,18,22,25-octahexylsulfanyl lead phthalocyanine, in terms of ease of loss of the lead ion, over the other two substituted lead phthalocyanines studied. The phthalocyanine cores of all three derivatives adopt a saddle-shaped geometry rather than the saucer-shaped conformation exhibited by unsubstituted lead phthalocyanine. The saddle-shaped conformation would appear to offer a means of relieving steric interactions between the substituents on adjacent benzene rings. That steric interactions are a feature of these molecules is perhaps reflected in the different distortions of the saddle conformations. This is greatest for compound 1,4,8,11,15,18,22,25-octa-iso-pentyl lead phthalocyanine bearing the isopentyl groups, expected to introduce the most interactions, and least for compound 1,4,8,11,15,18,22,25-octahexylsulfanyl lead phthalocyanine where S atoms rather than methylene groups are adjacent to the benzene ring. The molecules of 1,4,8,11,15,18,22,25-octahexyl- and 1,4,8,11,15,18,22,25-octahexylsulfanyl lead phthalocyanine pack together in pairs with their nearest neighbouring molecule; their lead atoms, displaced from the core and directed towards each other. The presence of the S atoms in 1,4,8,11,15,18,22,25-octahexylsulfanyl lead phthalocyanine leads to close Pb … S contacts between the molecules. Attractive Pb … S interactions in this compound may also account for the larger displacement of the Pb from the mean-plane of the four coordinated nitrogen atoms at the centre of the phthalocyanine core than is found for 1,4,8,11,15,18,22,25-octahexyl- and 1,4,8,11,15,18,22,25-octa-iso-pentyl lead phthalocyanines. The molecular packing of 1,4,8,11,15,18,22,25-octa-iso-pentyl lead phthalocyanine is more complex because of the presence of tetrahydrofuran molecules (the solvent of recrystallisation) within the crystal, offering additional interactions with the Pb atoms.

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OPTIMASI CITRA DICOM DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN APLIKASI PADA SMARTPHONE ANDROID

Prosiding SNFA (Seminar Nasional Fisika dan Aplikasinya) ◽

10.20961/prosidingsnfa.v3i0.28558 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 ◽

pp. 258 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Samuel Gideon ◽

Taat Guswantoro

Keyword(s):

Medical Imaging ◽

Computed Radiography ◽

Image Acquisition ◽

Imaging Modalities ◽

Digital Imagery ◽

Radiographic Image ◽

X Ray ◽

Dicom File ◽

Dicom Viewer ◽

The Past

Abstract: A radiographic image is generated from a mapping of attenuation of the X-ray beam that passed through a material. Over the past few years, as computer acquisition technology has grown, conventional diagnostic medical imaging modalities have increasingly been replaced by digital imagery. Computed radiography (CR) is one of radiographic image acquisition using computers. CR images could be either .jpg files or DICOM files. We exposed some wrenches which diameter of 5.68 mm; 3.99 mm and 3.2 mm as well as a bottle and a circular cork. We use Siemens mobile x-ray to expose the objects and DroidRender 3D DICOM Viewer as the DICOM viewer. We got two images which are .jpg file and DICOM file respectively. We adjust WW and WL parameters in order to optimize the image of the DICOM file. The results are WW = 2833 and WC = 2170.Abstrak: Citra medis yang dihasilkan oleh sistem radiografi pada dasarnya adalah pemetaan dari berkas sinar-X yang diteruskan yang dinyatakan melalui hukum penurunan intensitas sinar-X. Selama beberapa tahun terakhir, dengan semakin berkembangnya teknologi akuisisi komputer, modalitas pencitraan medis diagnostik konvensional semakin digantikan oleh citra digital. Computed radiography (CR) merupakan salah satu teknologi akuisisi komputer pengolah citra radiografi. Hasil citra radiografi pada CR dapat berbentuk file .jpg ataupun DICOM. Untuk membaca file DICOM harus digunakan DICOM viewer yang dapat diunduh secara gratis dari internet. Pada penelitian ini, obyek-obyek yang dipapari sinar-X yaitu kunci inggris dengan tebal diameter 5,68 mm; 3,99 mm dan 3,2 mm serta botol dan gabus berbentuk lingkaran. Pesawat sinar-X yang digunakan adalah mobile x-ray bermerk Siemens. Aplikasi DICOM viewer yang digunakan adalah DroidRender 3D DICOM Viewer. Dari hasil eksperimen, pengaturan WW dan WC pada aplikasi untuk dapat menampilkan gabus secara optimal diperoleh pada nilai WW = 2833 dan WC = 2170.

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Accumulation and distribution of toxic and potentially toxic elements in potato on different types of soil

10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-2740 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Jelena Popović-Djordjević ◽

Zoran Broćić ◽

Mirjana Kresović ◽

Jelena Mutić

Keyword(s):

Trace Elements ◽

Soil Ph ◽

Toxic Elements ◽

Potato Production ◽

Soil Samples ◽

The Other ◽

Emission Spectrometry ◽

The Core ◽

Ph Values ◽

Other Hand

Potato is currently the third most significant crop culture in the world, with the production of over 388 million tons in 2016. This crop is present on the tables of Serbian consumers throughout the year because of the tradition and its affordable price. Serbia has relatively good climatic conditions for potato production, which are defined by the temperature regime and the amount and frequency of precipitation. The nutritive value of the potato is mainly attributed to the chemical composition of the tuber. The element composition of tubers depends on many factors, such as: genotype, developmental phase of the plant, agroecological conditions, chemical properties of soil, fertilization and irrigation. On the other hand, geochemical origin of trace elements in the soil, the intensive agriculture production, use of contaminated soil and irrigation water may increase their toxic levels in tubers.&#160;Potato tubers of five varieties were produced on commercial farms at two locations in Western Serbia (Gu&#269;a and Sjenica), with favorable agroecological conditions for potato production. Tuber samples of studied varieties from each location were collected at the end of growing seasons at the stage of physiological maturity. Soil samples were collected from several sites at each production location at the depth of 0&#8211;30 cm. Basic agrochemical properties of the soil samples were determined. Content of toxic (As, Cd, Pb) and potentially toxic (Al, Ba, Ni, V) elements in fresh tubers (peel and core) and soil samples was established by inductively coupled plasma&#8211;optical emission spectrometry (ICP&#8211;OES). Bioaccumulation factor (BAF) of each studied element, as the ratio between its content in the peel and in the core of the tuber and the soil, was calculated.&#160;According to pH values, 4.77 and 6.80, soils were clasified as very acidic (Gu&#269;a location) and slightly acidic (Sjenica location), respectively. Content of studied trace elements in soils, with the exception of Ni, was within the allowable limits. Tuber peel of all studied varieties grown on both soil types was characterized with the higher content of Cd, Al, Ba and Ni, compared to the relevant core. Consenquently, the higher values of BAF were observed in the peel of tubers. Average values of BAF for the studied elements in the peel for both soil pH values 4.77 and 6.80 (Gu&#269;a and Sjenica, respectively) were in the following order: Cd>Ba>Pb>As>Ni>Al=V. On the other hand, average BAF values for the core of the tuber samples were in a slightly different order, depending on the soil pH; Cd>Pb>As>Ba>Ni>Al=V (pH 4.77) and Cd>Pb>As>Ba=Ni>V (pH 6.80). The highest/lowest BAFs were calculated for Cd (0.339) in the peel and Al (0.0002) in the core, respectively. Content of As and Cd did not exeed the maximum allowed concentrations set by the national and European Union regulations, but it should be pointed out that Cd content was close to the upper limit. Also, it was noticed that the content of Pb exceeded the safe limit set for these elements according to both regulations.Keywords: potato tuber, soil, toxic elements, ICPAcknowledgement: This work was supported by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia (Research grant No. 46009).

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Investigation of glazed pottery fragments (XIX century A. D.) from Agsu site (Azerbaijan) by XRF and Raman techniques

EPJ Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/epjconf/202023000012 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 230 ◽

pp. 00012

Author(s):

Valentina Venuti ◽

Vincenza Crupi ◽

Barbara Fazio ◽

Giuseppe Paladini ◽

Mauro Francesco La Russa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Spatial Scales ◽

Archaeological Site ◽

The Other ◽

Portable Instrument ◽

X Ray ◽

The Past ◽

Xix Century ◽

Non Destructive

In this study a multi-technique analysis was performed on the decorated surfaces of four ancient pottery fragments dated back XIX century A.D. withdrawn from the archaeological site of the medieval Agsu town, in Azerbaijan. During the last decade, the site underwent to an extensively archaeometric investigation by means of different non-destructive, or micro-destructive, techniques. In this work we focused our attention on the characterization of the pigmenting agents and glazes at different spatial scales from elemental to microscopic domain by using portable and not-portable equipments. In particular, the elemental and molecular compositions were successfully determined by X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and Raman spectroscopy, respectively. On one side, data deriving from portable instrument were compared with those previously obtained from not-portable approach, in view of future in situ investigations. On the other side, the overall obtained results appear crucial for the reconstruction of the production technology used by craftsman of the past.

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Evaluation the Value of Some Petrographic, Physico-Chemical and Geochemical Indicators of Quality of Coal in Paralic Series of the Upper Silesian Coal Basin and Attempt to Find a Correlation Between Them

Gospodarka Surowcami Mineralnymi ◽

10.1515/gospo-2017-0004 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 33 (1) ◽

pp. 51-76 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Henryk Parzentny ◽

Leokadia Róg

Keyword(s):

Trace Elements ◽

Coal Ash ◽

Research Area ◽

Mineral Matter ◽

Positive Anomaly ◽

The South ◽

Coal Quality ◽

Western Area ◽

Geochemical Indices ◽

Physical And Chemical

Abstract A total of 56 coal seam samples (from active and closed coal mines) representing USCB Paralic Series, were tested. It was determined that the tested coal has low content of mineral matter (especially in Hruśov Beds) as well as of Ag, As, Ba, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mo, Ni, Rb, Sb, Sn, Sr, V and Zn. Only Mn and Pb content in coal is higher than in coal from other deposits around the world. There are differences in the values of physical and chemical, petrographic and geochemical indices of coal quality, between the northern and the south-western part of the USCB and in the profile of the Paralic Series. Thanks to the revealed correlations between the indices of coal quality, significant differences in the role mineral and organic substance play in concentrating some of the trace elements in the tested coal, were determined. Moreover, it was observed that an increase in the rank of coal (expressed with an increase in the value of R0 or/and Qsdaf or/and Cdaf), accompanies a decrease in the content of oxides of main elements in coal ash as well as sulfur and other trace elements in coal. The dependence was observed both in lateral and stratigraphic differences in the rank of coal. Mutual dependences between the indices of the rank of coal (R0, Cdaf, Qsdaf, Vdaf) in the northern and south-western area of the research and in Poruba Beds and Jaklovec Beds, were confirmed. It was determined that an increase in the value of Roga Index (RI) is accompanied by an increase in P2O5 content in ash of coal from the south-western part of the research area. It is probably a result of concurrence of a regional positive anomaly in the rank of coal and high P2O5 content in coal seams in the south-western part of the USCB. The observed increase in the value of RI, accompanying a decrease in the content of sulfate minerals, Cr and Ni in coal and Na2O in coal ash; results from the role the carbonisation process plays in distributing main and trace elements in the mineral matter of coal.

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Hα imaging of X-ray sources in selected globular clusters with SOAR

Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union ◽

10.1017/s1743921309991840 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 5 (S266) ◽

pp. 508-508

Author(s):

Pawel Pietrukowicz

Keyword(s):

Energy Source ◽

Globular Clusters ◽

Binary Systems ◽

Critical Role ◽

Cataclysmic Variables ◽

The Other ◽

Theoretical Studies ◽

Core Radius ◽

X Ray ◽

The Core

AbstractI present results of a search for cataclysmic variables (CVs) and chromospherically active binaries (ABs) as counterparts to X-ray sources detected with Chandra in six Galactic globular clusters (GCs): M 4, M 28, M 30, M 71, M 80, and NGC 6752. Binary systems play a critical role in the evolution of GCs, serving as an internal energy source countering the tendency of GC cores to collapse. Theoretical studies predict dozens of CVs in the cores of some GCs (e.g., 130 for M 28, 40 for M 30). A number of such binaries are also expected outside the core radius. However, few CVs are known so far in GCs. Using the 4.1m SOAR telescope, I have found 25 stars with Hα excess in the observed clusters. Six are candidate CVs, five are candidate active binaries. The other 14 objects with Hα excess are probably foreground/background stars or extragalactic sources.

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Composition and genesis of rattlestones from Dutch soils as shown by Mössbauer spectroscopy, INAA and XRD

Netherlands Journal of Geosciences – Geologie en Mijnbouw ◽

10.1017/s0016774600021570 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 79 (1) ◽

pp. 59-71 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

J.J. van Loef

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Properties ◽

Trace Elements ◽

Mössbauer Spectroscopy ◽

Mossbauer Spectroscopy ◽

Mineralogical Composition ◽

Middle Pleistocene ◽

Outer Side ◽

X Ray ◽

The Core ◽

Mößbauer Spectroscopy

AbstractThe chemical and mineralogical composition of rattlestones found near the main Dutch rivers has been studied by Mössbauer spectroscopy, INAA and XRD. Rattlestones are concretions of iron, formed in an environment of lateral iron accumulation, under the influence of periodical oxidation, around a fine core of ferruginous sediments, mainly clay and sand. The core has shrunk and detached itself from the mantle around it. 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy was applied to identify the iron oxides, among which goethite is predominant. The goethite crystallinity was investigated by measuring its magnetic properties and its crystallinity, which is poorest at the outer side of the stone. The latter is confirmed by the broadening of the different X-ray reflections. In addition, illite and vermiculite were identified by XRD; these clay minerals were found mainly in the core.The elemental composition was determined by INAA. The iron content in the mantle is about 50% by weight and gradually decreases outwards, while the core contains 2–15% Fe by weight. Differences between rattlestones from the Middle Pleistocene East of the Meuse river and those from the Late Pleistocene North of it are the absence of lepidocrocite and a richer mineralogy in the former.It is concluded that the rattlestones are formed around a fine clayey core. Groundwater supplied the iron and other (trace) elements for the genesis. It is unlikely that rattlestones are the result of oxidation of siderite.

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From Simmel to Relational Sociology

10.31235/osf.io/3cwvg ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Sophie Mützel ◽

Lisa Kressin

Keyword(s):

Social Network ◽

The Other ◽

Georg Simmel ◽

Relational Sociology ◽

Sociology Of Culture ◽

Cultural Issues ◽

One Dimensional ◽

The Core ◽

The Past ◽

The One

Georg Simmel (1858-1918), who is widely regarded as one of the classics and intellectual grandfathers of sociology, has written on a variety of topics from several disciplinary perspectives. Yet despite the breadth and richness of his work, current sociology typically focuses only on individual dimensions. On the one hand, Simmel’s work is seen as foundational to a formal sociology, which is at the core of social network analysis. On the other hand, Simmel’s works on cultural issues yield astute analyses of modernity, which is why they are classics in the sociology of culture. However, such one-dimensional interpretations of Simmel’s work appear limited and in turn do not sufficiently capture his influence on the field of sociology. This chapter claims that the separated readings of the “two Simmels” need to be brought together to make full analytical use of Simmel’s most important heuristic distinction: form and content. Moreover, we will show that relational sociology of the past four decades has moved in that direction by taking the interrelation of structure and meaning seriously.

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An Attractive Blue Diopside from Sissone Valley, Western Alps, Italy

Minerals ◽

10.3390/min11080837 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (8) ◽

pp. 837

Author(s):

Franca Caucia ◽

Maurizio Scacchetti ◽

Luigi Marinoni ◽

Mattia Gilio ◽

Antonio Langone ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Trace Elements ◽

Major Elements ◽

Western Alps ◽

Raman Spectrometry ◽

Specific Density ◽

Minor And Trace Elements ◽

X Ray ◽

The Core ◽

Short Waves ◽

Icp Ms

In this work a rare and attractive blue diopside present in Sissone valley in the Western Alps was investigated through different methodologies: geological survey; standard gemological methods; X-Ray Powder Diffraction; SEM observations; Raman spectrometry; EMP analyses of major elements; and LA-ICP-MS analyses for minor and trace elements. The host rock of investigated gems is represented by a Mg-calcite bearing marble, belonging to the Suretta nappe and composed of blue diopside, lizardite, phlogopite, forsterite, Ca-Mg-amphibole, and thomsonite; the rock was metamorphosed by the intrusion of Masino-Bregaglia pluton. The diopside is generally found in the core of veins in contact with green–blue tremolite and, more externally, with green–yellowish lizardite. The diopside samples show opaque diaphaneity, are inert to long and short-waves UV radiation, and their specific density varies between 3.24 and 3.30 g/cm3 while medium refraction between 1.680–1.683. The diopside shows a polycrystalline texture with interstitial Mg-calcite which acts as binder. The characteristic blue–turquoise color is mainly determined by traces of V and subordinately of Fe, Mn, Cr and Ti. The contents of V and Ti show a good positive correlation. The minerals associated with diopside in the lenticular veins also show enrichments in V. The blue diopside of the Sissone valley could certainly present a good commercial value, but unfortunately it is difficult to reach the outcrop sites.

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