The impact of competition law on destination restrictions in Asia-Pacific LNG contracts

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 465
Author(s):  
Mark Grime ◽  
Dave Poddar ◽  
Nadia Kalic
Keyword(s):  
Fair Trade ◽  
Competition Law ◽  
Liquefied Natural Gas ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Spot Markets ◽  
Pacific Region ◽  
Asia Pacific Region ◽  
Competition Laws ◽  
The Impact

The continual decline in prices for liquefied natural gas (LNG) in the Asia-Pacific is changing the commercial dynamics between LNG suppliers and buyers, particularly in the context of renegotiating LNG sale and purchase agreements (LNG SPAs) across the Asia-Pacific region. Although prevailing market dynamics across Asia-Pacific LNG markets has created opportunities for buyers to renegotiate supply agreements, many remain subject to long-term agreements with destination restrictions that limit buyers from reselling cargoes or taking delivery outside their home jurisdiction, and which impact arbitrage and trading opportunities in spot markets. The investigation by the Japan Fair Trade Commission into whether destination restrictions in LNG SPAs contravene Japanese competition laws, highlights the importance of competition law as a key issue and commercial consideration for both LNG suppliers and buyers in the Asia-Pacific. This paper will examine what role competition law may play in the future renegotiation of LNG SPAs, and the extent to which this may provide a basis to impact the efficacy of destination restrictions in LNG SPAs under the competition laws of several key Asian jurisdictions.

scholarly journals A thematic study: impact of COVID-19 pandemic on rare disease organisations and patients across ten jurisdictions in the Asia Pacific region

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Ching Yan Chung ◽  
Yvette Nga Chung Ng ◽  
Ritu Jain ◽  
Brian Hon Yin Chung
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Rare Disease ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Healthcare Access ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Pacific Region ◽  
Group Meeting ◽  
Asia Pacific Region ◽  
Focus Group Meeting ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background This study assesses the areas and extent of impact of the Coronavirus Disease of 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on rare disease (RD) organisations in the Asia Pacific region. There is no existing literature that focuses on such impact on RD organisations in any jurisdictions, nor RD populations across multiple jurisdictions in the Asia Pacific region. A cross-sectional survey was distributed to RD organisations between April and May 2020. Quantitative and qualitative data on the impact of COVID-19 on RD organisations and patients were collected from the organisation representative’s perspective. Qualitative data was analysed using thematic analysis. A follow-up focus group meeting was conducted in August 2020 to validate the survey findings and to discuss specific needs, support and recommendations for sustainable healthcare systems during the pandemic. Results A total of 80 RD organisations from Australia, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China, India, Japan, mainland China, Malaysia, New Zealand, the Philippines, Singapore and Taiwan participated in the study. Of all, 89% were concerned about the impact of pandemic on their organisations. Results indicate that 63% of the organisations functioned at a reduced capacity and 42% stated a decrease in funding as their biggest challenge. Overall, 95% believed their patients were impacted, particularly in healthcare access, social lives, physical health, psychological health and financial impact. Specifically, 43% identified the reduced healthcare access as their top impact, followed by 26% about the impact on daily living and social life. Focus group meeting discussed differential impact across jurisdictions and point towards telemedicine and digitalisation as potential solutions. Conclusions This serves as the first study to assess the impact of COVID-19 on RD patients and organisations across multiple jurisdictions in the Asia Pacific region, identifying major themes on the impact on both RD patients and organisations. By including 80 organisations from ten jurisdictions, our study presents the most comprehensive assessment of the pandemic’s impact to date. It highlights the need for mental health support and sheds light on moving towards telemedicine and digitalisation of organisation operation, which constitutes a sustainable model in times of pandemics and beyond.

scholarly journals ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT OF ARCTIC LIQUEFIED NATURAL GAS SUPPLIESTO THE ASIAN-PACIFIC REGION COUNTRIES UNDER THE END OF THE “TRADE WAR” BETWEEN THE USA AND CHINA

2020 ◽  
Vol 68 (2/2020) ◽  
pp. 12-21
Author(s):  
M. V. Ulchenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
South Korea ◽  
The United States ◽  
Liquefied Natural Gas ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Russian Arctic ◽  
Pacific Region ◽  
Asia Pacific Region

Currently, the Asia-Pacific market is a priority goal for almost all major producers of liquefied natural gas(LNG). This is due to the relatively high price that local consumers are willing to pay, as well as the accelerated growth rate of natural gas consumption. At the same time, China is the main driver of growth in demand for LNGin the world, has concluded a trade agreement with the United States, which involves the purchase of energy resources worth more than $ 52 billion over two years. Given the decline in LNG prices, as well as increased competition, the issue of the prospects for sales of Russian Arctic gas on the market of the Asia-Pacific region becomes particularly relevant.The study provides a generalized assessment of the needs of the main importers of LNG ––China, South Korea and Japan, with a planning horizon of 4–5 years. The relatively high growth rates of the economy, partial rejection of nuclear energy, struggle to improve the environmental situation, as well as the desire to diversify supply routes explain the needs of the countries in the Asia-Pacific region for additional volumes of LNGin the near future. The analysis showed that both Japan and South Korea are interested in increasing the volume of imports of Russian arctic LNG, whose key advantages over most competitors are the price and relative proximity of sales markets. At the same time, the reduction in the number of operating gas drilling rigs in the United States indicates that it will not be possible to maintain the growth rate of LNG production at the level of 2018 and 2019.

Digital Audio Broadcasting (DAB) in the Asia-Pacific Region: A Regional Perspective

1999 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
David B. Soothill
Keyword(s):  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Quality Of Services ◽  
Pacific Region ◽  
Digital Audio ◽  
Asia Pacific Region ◽  
Digital Radio ◽  
Digital Audio Broadcasting ◽  
Satellite Broadcasting ◽  
The Impact

The Asia-Pacific is the world's largest region and it has a huge range of potential radio uses that analogue terrestrial broadcasting simply cannot meet. This article explores the impact that digital radio transmission will have on the region, and the importance of satellite broadcasting and multichannel broadcasting for better coverage and quality of services.

From Long-term Contract to Market: An RBC Perspective on International Negotiations of Iron Ore Prices in the Asia-Pacific Region, 2009–2010

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 345-371
Author(s):  
Yue Wang ◽  
Akira Tanaka ◽  
Xiaochun Huang
Keyword(s):  
Iron Ore ◽  
Negotiation Process ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
International Negotiations ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Pacific Region ◽  
Asia Pacific Region ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Term Contract

Abstract The collapse of a long-term contract-based (LTC) benchmark system and the rise of a market-based index system in international negotiations of iron ore prices in the Asia-Pacific region has attracted much media attention. However, a systematic analysis of why and how such a change occurred from a negotiation point of view is absent. Drawing upon a relationship-behavior-conditions (RBC) perspective from the international business (IB) negotiation literature, this article investigates how negotiations between parties unfolded during the 2009–2010 period. Specifically, the article contributes to a deeper understanding of the subject by evaluating the relationships between various negotiating parties, investigating some intriguing behaviors by negotiating parties, and identifying important conditions surrounding the negotiation process. The case of iron ore price negotiation also offers a vehicle to advance the RBC perspective in untangling complex IB negotiation problems and generate some broad implications for IB negotiation research and practices.

Can the Asia Pacific market accomodate Australia's LNG projects?

2011 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 677
Author(s):  
John Harris
Keyword(s):  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Pacific Region ◽  
Asia Pacific Region ◽  
Supply Contracts ◽  
Medium Term ◽  
Competitive Position ◽  
Demand Growth ◽  
Project Costs ◽  
Over Time

The portfolio of proposed Australian LNG projects continues to grow. What is the demand outlook for Asia Pacific LNG—and can it absorb the potential volume from these projects? Who are the key importers and what are the demand uncertainties within the Asia Pacific region? Can Australian LNG penetrate markets further afield? What has driven the growth in Australian LNG projects and how many more might emerge? Where are the projects that will compete with Australian LNG? Is Australian LNG competitive relative to other supplies? Are project costs likely to increase further? How is the LNG supply-demand balance likely to develop in the Asia Pacific during the next decade? Is there a looming surplus of LNG and, if so, what would this mean for Australia? Does the outlook presage a buyers’ market or a sellers’ market? Will contract expiries from established LNG exporters increase supply availability in the Asia Pacific? What could this mean for oil indexation and long term LNG contracts? Could alternative pricing mechanisms evolve and will we see an increase in short and medium term supply contracts? This paper examines the outlook for the Asia Pacific LNG market—and the growing role Australian LNG is playing in meeting demand growth. It also reviews Australia’s competitive position and considers the way in which the structure of Asia Pacific LNG contracts may evolve over time.

scholarly journals The impact of body mass index on the associations of lipids with the risk of coronary heart disease in the Asia Pacific region

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 79-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoichiro Hirakawa ◽  
Tai-Hing Lam ◽  
Timothy Welborn ◽  
Hyeon Chang Kim ◽  
Suzanne Ho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Pacific Region ◽  
Asia Pacific Region ◽  
The Impact
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