Low-salinity carbonated water injection in sandstone reservoirs: interplay between oil recovery improvement, salinity and fines migration

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 575
Author(s):  
Ehsan Yazdani Sadati ◽  
Arman Siahvashi ◽  
Suzanne Hurter
Keyword(s):  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Water Injection ◽  
Water Flooding ◽  
Fines Migration ◽  
Recovery Method ◽  
Low Salinity ◽  
Salinity Reduction ◽  
Carbonated Water Injection ◽  
Carbonated Water ◽  
Sandstone Reservoirs

Carbonated water injection (CWI) is described as a chemical-enhanced oil recovery method in which CO2-enriched water is injected into oil reservoirs as a displacing fluid. Although confirmed by many that a considerable amount of recovery improvement is attainable through CWI in both lab and field scales, the interaction of salinity on the performance of CWI and its potential fines migration is not very well understood. This study examines the efficiency of oil recovery improvement during low-salinity carbonated water injection (LSCWI) in a sandstone reservoir, while total dissolved salt concentration varies. To this end, a series of coreflooding experiments were performed on homogeneous sandstone cores at 80°C and 2000psi, and the amount of oil recovery was measured. From the experiments, it was observed that CWI could extract more crude oil than conventional water flooding in all salinities. In particular, the highest oil recovery was observed in the lowest salinity (61.2% in CWI and 42% during water flooding), indicating that by carbonating low-salinity water, oil recovery is enhanced by 20%. Moreover, the influence of salinity reduction on recovery enhancement was such that 9% of recovery improvement observed during conventional water flooding when salinity decreased from 40000 to 1000ppm. At the same time, this improvement was around 15% for CWI, suggesting that salinity reduction can be more effective in CWI rather than water flooding in recovery improvement. It was also found out that while recovery improvement and fines migration are both highly affected by water salinity, there is a synergy between the efficiency of CWI and onset of fines migration, which is one of the underlying mechanisms in oil recovery improvement during LSCWI into clay-containing sandstone reservoirs.

scholarly journals Sequential Injection of Carbonated Water: A Possible Process for Coupling CO2 Enhanced Oil Recovery and Storage

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 369-376
Keyword(s):  
Enhanced Oil Recovery ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Co2 Storage ◽  
Water Injection ◽  
Water Flooding ◽  
Core Flooding ◽  
Displacement Efficiency ◽  
Low Salinity ◽  
Carbonated Water ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2

Low salinity and carbonated water flooding have been investigated as possible techniques of improved/enhanced oil recovery. Carbonated water injection consists of dissolving carbon dioxide CO2 in water prior to injection and could be considered as a way to store greenhouse gas safely. Low salinity water flooding is a process of diluting high salinity injection water to a very low level of salinity. In this project, the effect of combining the two techniques in a sequential flooding was studied. The primary aim of this study is to optimize the oil recovery and evaluate CO2 storage during this process, employing low permeability carbonate cores and different sequential carbonated and non-carbonated brines flooding. Formation brine, seawater, low salinity carbonated and non-carbonated were used in this work. Core samples grouped as composite cores with similar over all reservoir permeability. Different sequences of brines were employed to determine the optimum system. The experiment's result showed that carbonated water performs better than the noncarbonated brines. A new technique for estimate CO2 retention based on the displacement efficiency of the carbonated water flooding system is presented. The interfacial tension, contact angle measurements results indicated that wettability is the dominant mechanism of the studied systems. A sequential composite core flooding consists of carbonated low salinity followed by low salinity and seawater injection (CLSW- LSW-SW) is the optimum flooding system among the studied systems. Technically, CLSW flooding displayed an excellent incremental displacement efficiency ∆DE of 21.4% and CSW exhibited the best CO2 retention per incremental ∆Np.

Carbonated Water Injection for Recovery of Oil and Wettability Analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 695 ◽  
pp. 499-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamad Faizul Mat Ali ◽  
Radzuan Junin ◽  
Nor Hidayah Md Aziz ◽  
Adibah Salleh
Keyword(s):  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Promising Result ◽  
Water Injection ◽  
High Mobility ◽  
Wettability Alteration ◽  
Sweep Efficiency ◽  
Gas Flooding ◽  
Carbonated Water Injection ◽  
Carbonated Water

Malaysia oilfield especially in Malay basin has currently show sign of maturity phase which involving high water-cut and also pressure declining. In recent event, Malaysia through Petroliam Nasional Berhad (PETRONAS) will be first implemented an enhanced oil recovery (EOR) project at the Tapis oilfield and is scheduled to start operations in 2014. In this project, techniques utilizing water-alternating-gas (WAG) injection which is a type of gas flooding method in EOR are expected to improve oil recovery to the field. However, application of gas flooding in EOR process has a few flaws which including poor sweep efficiency due to high mobility ratio of oil and gas that promotes an early breakthrough. Therefore, a concept of carbonated water injection (CWI) in which utilizing CO2, has ability to dissolve in water prior to injection was applied. This study is carried out to assess the suitability of CWI to be implemented in improving oil recovery in simulated sandstone reservoir. A series of displacement test to investigate the range of recovery improvement at different CO2 concentrations was carried out with different recovery mode stages. Wettability alteration properties of CWI also become one of the focuses of the study. The outcome of this study has shown a promising result in recovered residual oil by alternating the wettability characteristic of porous media becomes more water-wet.

Comprehensive review of carbonated water injection for enhanced oil recovery

Fuel ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 237 ◽  
pp. 1086-1107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cleverson Esene ◽  
Nima Rezaei ◽  
Amer Aborig ◽  
Sohrab Zendehboudi
Keyword(s):  
Enhanced Oil Recovery ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Water Injection ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Carbonated Water Injection ◽  
Carbonated Water

Enhanced Oil Recovery and CO2 Storage by Carbonated Water Injection

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehran Sohrabi ◽  
Masoud Riazi ◽  
Mahmoud Jamiolahmady ◽  
Shaun Ireland ◽  
Christopher Brown
Keyword(s):  
Enhanced Oil Recovery ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Co2 Storage ◽  
Water Injection ◽  
Carbonated Water Injection ◽  
Carbonated Water

Coreflooding Studies to Investigate the Potential of Carbonated Water Injection as an Injection Strategy for Improved Oil Recovery and CO2 Storage

2011 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehran Sohrabi ◽  
Nor Idah Kechut ◽  
Masoud Riazi ◽  
Mahmoud Jamiolahmady ◽  
Shaun Ireland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Co2 Storage ◽  
Water Injection ◽  
Improved Oil Recovery ◽  
Injection Strategy ◽  
Carbonated Water Injection ◽  
Carbonated Water

Enhanced Oil Recovery using Smart Water Injection

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (8) ◽  
pp. 40
Author(s):  
Hussain Ali Baker ◽  
Kareem A. Alwan ◽  
Saher Faris Fadhil
Keyword(s):  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Water Injection ◽  
Deionized Water ◽  
Water Flooding ◽  
Wettability Alteration ◽  
Formation Water ◽  
Low Salinity ◽  
Smart Water ◽  
Low Salinity Water ◽  
Salinity Water

Smart water flooding (low salinity water flooding) was mainly invested in a sandstone reservoir. The main reasons for using low salinity water flooding are; to improve oil recovery and to give a support for the reservoir pressure. In this study, two core plugs of sandstone were used with different permeability from south of Iraq to explain the effect of water injection with different ions concentration on the oil recovery. Water types that have been used are formation water, seawater, modified low salinity water, and deionized water. The effects of water salinity, the flow rate of water injected, and the permeability of core plugs have been studied in order to summarize the best conditions of low salinity water flooding. The result of this experimental work shows that the water without any free ions (deionized water) and modified low salinity water have improved better oil recovery than the formation water and seawater as a secondary oil process. The increase in oil recovery factor related to the wettability alteration during low salinity water flooding which causes a decrease in the interfacial tension between the crude oil in porous media and the surface of reservoir rocks. As well as the dissolution of minerals such as calcite Ca+2 was observed in this work, which causes an increase in the pH value. All these factors led to change the wettability of rock to be more water-wet, so the oil recovery can be increased.  

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