Influence of different inclusion levels and chain length of inulin on microbial ecology and the state of mucosal protective barrier in the large intestine of young pigs

2018 ◽  
Vol 58 (6) ◽  
pp. 1109 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Barszcz ◽  
M. Taciak ◽  
J. Skomiał
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Activity ◽  
Large Intestine ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Immunoglobulin A ◽  
Intraepithelial Lymphocytes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Secretory Immunoglobulin A ◽  
Fatty Acid Production ◽  
Dietary Level ◽  
Secretory Immunoglobulin

The objective of the study was to examine the effect of inulin level, in regard to its degree of polymerisation (DP), on microbial activity and mucosal immune system of the large intestine of pigs. A total of 56 castrated male piglets (PIC × Penarlan P76) were allocated to seven groups and fed from the 10th day of life cereal-based diets without the addition of inulin or with 1%, 2% or 3% of inulin with an average DP of 10 (IN10) or 23 (IN23). Pigs were sacrificed at the age of 50 days. Feeding IN10 diets increased fructan concentration in the large intestine compared with IN23 diets, but did not affect microbial activity, except for digesta pH and mucinase activity in the middle colon, which were greater at the 1% level compared with the control group and other IN10 diets, respectively. The concentration of secretory immunoglobulin A in the caecum and middle colon was reduced by the 1% IN10 diet compared with the control group. Pigs fed the 2% IN23 diet had a higher butyric acid concentration in the caecum and proximal colon and greater isoacid concentrations in the middle and distal colon in comparison to the control. Dietary level of IN23 did not affect secretory immunoglobulin A concentration but the count of caecal intraepithelial lymphocytes was higher in pigs on the 1% IN23 diet than on the control diet. Neither IN10 nor IN23 diets affected populations of Bifidobacterium or Lactobacillus spp. In conclusion, the effects of inulin in the large intestine of pigs depended on dietary level and DP. IN23 increased short-chain fatty acid production at the 2% level and slightly activated mucosal immune status at the 1% level.

Progressive Muscle Relaxation and Secretory Immunoglobulin A

2001 ◽  
Vol 88 (3) ◽  
pp. 912-914 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoff Lowe ◽  
Rachel Bland ◽  
John Greenman ◽  
Nadine Kirkpatrick ◽  
Gillian Lowe
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Relaxation ◽  
Immunoglobulin A ◽  
Progressive Muscle Relaxation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Secretory Immunoglobulin A ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Secretory Immunoglobulin

30 healthy students produced saliva samples for Immunoglobulin A assay before and after sessions involving either progressive muscle relaxation ( n = 15) or a control condition ( n = 15). Levels of immunoglobulin A increased significantly in the relaxation group but not in the control group.

scholarly journals THE DEGREE OF SECRETORY IMMUNOGLOBULIN A IN BURN PATIENTS WITH PROBIOTIC THERAPY

2019 ◽  
pp. 174-176
Author(s):  
LYNDA HARIANI ◽  
IRAWAN WAHYUDI ◽  
ISWINARNO DOSOSAPUTRO ◽  
SJAIFUDDIN NOER M
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Immunoglobulin A ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Secretory Immunoglobulin A ◽  
Burn Patients ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
And Control ◽  
Secretory Immunoglobulin ◽  
Regular Intake

Background: One of the problems with burn patients is the impairment of host immunity, which makes difficult to treat. In burns, immunoglobulinA has demonstrated to decrease. Immunoglobulin A is the main product of mucous immune system, which increases viral clearance and decreasesbacterial adhesion in the intestine. Probiotics consist of living microflora, which control the balance of lactobacilli and bifidobacteria in the intestine.Instead of producing organic component, increasing the acidity of intestine, mucin and bacteriocin, they also activate the intestinal immune systemand secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA). The goal of this study was to propose that regular intake of probiotic might help to improve the mucousimmune system, especially sIgA in intestines in burn patients.Methods: An experimental, double-blind, controlled clinical trial was carried out in 33 burn patients. Those patients were divided into two groups.The first group was given daily probiotic and the second group was given only placebo for 10 days. The treatment began on the 4th day admission, andthen, the degree of sIgA was evaluated before treatment and day 14 from fecal specimen.Results: Significant differences between probiotic and control group were observed (p<0.0001). The degree of sIgA in the probiotic group increased61.25%, and in the control group, it decreased to 36.80%.Conclusion: The mucous immune system, especially sIgA, increases by probiotic intake.

scholarly journals The immune landscape of IgA induction in the gut

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Seikrit ◽  
Oliver Pabst
Keyword(s):  
Protective Immunity ◽  
Immunoglobulin A ◽  
Antibody Responses ◽  
Dark Side ◽  
Secretory Immunoglobulin A ◽  
Antibody Isotype ◽  
Mucosal Antibody ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
Basic Understanding ◽  
Secretory Immunoglobulin

AbstractAntibodies are key elements of protective immunity. In the mucosal immune system in particular, secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA), the most abundantly produced antibody isotype, protects against infections, shields the mucosal surface from toxins and environmental factors, and regulates immune homeostasis and a peaceful coexistence with our microbiota. However, the dark side of IgA biology promotes the formation of immune complexes and provokes pathologies, e.g., IgA nephropathy (IgAN). The precise mechanisms of how IgA responses become deregulated and pathogenic in IgAN remain unresolved. Yet, as the field of microbiota research moved into the limelight, our basic understanding of IgA biology has been taking a leap forward. Here, we discuss the structure of IgA, the anatomical and cellular foundation of mucosal antibody responses, and current concepts of how we envision the interaction of SIgA and the microbiota. We center on key concepts in the field while taking account of both historic findings and exciting new observations to provide a comprehensive groundwork for the understanding of IgA biology from the perspective of a mucosal immunologist.

scholarly journals Fecal Antibodies to Cryptosporidium parvum in Healthy Volunteers

2000 ◽  
Vol 68 (9) ◽  
pp. 5068-5074 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara M. Dann ◽  
Pablo C. Okhuysen ◽  
Bassam M. Salameh ◽  
Herbert L. DuPont ◽  
Cynthia L. Chappell
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Response ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Cryptosporidium Parvum ◽  
Immunoglobulin A ◽  
Reactivity Index ◽  
Secretory Immunoglobulin A ◽  
Low Doses ◽  
Previous Exposure ◽  
Oocyst Excretion ◽  
Secretory Immunoglobulin

ABSTRACT This study examined the intestinal antibody response in 26 healthy volunteers challenged with Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts. Fecal extracts were assayed for total secretory immunoglobulin A (IgA) and C. parvum-specific IgA reactivity. Specific IgA reactivity was standardized to IgA concentration and expressed as a reactivity index (RI). Anti-C. parvum fecal IgA (fIgA) increased significantly in 17 of 26 (65.4%) following oocyst ingestion. Of those with detectable responses, 59, 76.5, and 94.1% were positive by days 7, 14, and 30, respectively. Volunteers receiving high challenge doses (>1,000 and 300 to 500 oocysts) had higher RIs (RI = 5.57 [P = 0.027] and RI = 1.68 [P = 0.039], respectively) than those ingesting low doses (30 to 100 oocysts; RI = 0.146). Subjects shedding oocysts and experiencing a diarrheal illness had the highest fIgA reactivity. When evaluated separately, oocyst excretion was associated with an increased fIgA response compared to nonshedders (RI = 1.679 versus 0.024, respectively; P = 0.003). However, in subjects experiencing diarrhea with or without oocyst shedding, a trend toward a higher RI (P = 0.065) was seen. Extracts positive for fecal IgA were further examined for IgA subclass. The majority of stools contained both IgA1 and IgA2, and the relative proportions did not change following challenge. Also, no C. parvum-specific IgM or IgG was detected in fecal extracts. Thus, fecal IgA to C. parvum antigens was highly associated with infection in subjects who had no evidence of previous exposure and may provide a useful tool in detecting recent infections.

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