Evolution of blood serum mineral composition during antler growth and rut as consequence of Cu supplementation in captive red deer and its effects in mature antler composition

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (10) ◽  
pp. 1886
Author(s):  
M. P. Serrano ◽  
J. Cappelli ◽  
A. García ◽  
L. Gallego ◽  
T. Landete-Castillejos
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Composition ◽  
Red Deer ◽  
Physiological Saline ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Balanced Diet ◽  
Antler Growth ◽  
P Content ◽  
Mineral Profile ◽  
Physiological Saline Solution ◽  
Group Serum

In the present study we assessed the effects of Cu supplementation and antler growth stage on mineral composition of serum and hard antler in red deer fed a balanced diet. Correlations between minerals were analysed for serum, for antlers, and between serum versus mature antler. Blood samples were drawn at Days –36, 54, 132 and 197 of the start of antler growth (SAG). Hard antlers were cut at Day 165 from SAG. The Cu supplemented group (n = 9) was injected with 0.83 mg Cu/kg of bodyweight, whereas the control group (n = 9) was injected with a physiological saline solution, both every 42 days between Days –36 (Cu supplied after blood sampling) and 132 from SAG. Supplementation with Cu increased (P < 0.05) the contents of P and Cu in serum but did not affect the antler mineral profile. Serum contents of Mg, Na, S, B and Cu increased during the antler growth, whereas contents of K, Al and Fe decreased in the same period (P < 0.001). At Day 54 from SAG in Cu group, serum P content correlated negatively with antler Ca content whereas Zn of serum and antler correlated positively (P < 0.05). The maximum number of correlations between the mineral profile of serum and hard antler was achieved at Day 132 from SAG (3.3, 4.7 and 12.9% for Days –36, 54 and 132, respectively). In conclusion, the analysis of specific minerals in serum could be used to detect in advance some mineral deficiencies in the antler.

scholarly journals Parenteral Cu Supplementation of Late-Gestating and Lactating Iberian Red Deer Hinds Fed a Balanced Diet Reduces Somatic Cell Count and Modifies Mineral Profile of Milk

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
Martina Pérez Serrano ◽  
Andrés José García ◽  
Tomás Landete-Castillejos ◽  
Jamil Cappelli ◽  
José Ángel Gómez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Somatic Cell Count ◽  
Red Deer ◽  
Physiological Saline ◽  
Late Gestation ◽  
Cu Content ◽  
Balanced Diet ◽  
Iberian Red Deer ◽  
Mineral Profile

This study describes the effects that Cu supplementation of late-gestating and lactating females (hinds) of Iberian red deer fed a balanced diet have on milk production, composition, and somatic cell count (SCC). Experimental hinds (n = 9) were subcutaneously injected every 42 days with Cu (0.83 mg Cu/kg body weight) from day 202 of gestation until the end of lactation (week 18). Control hinds (n = 8) were injected with a physiological saline solution with the same volume and at the same frequency as the experimental group. Copper supplementation decreased the SCC from 1.64 to 1.36 log 10/mL (p = 0.003) and modified the milk mineral profile. In particular, milk from hinds supplemented with Cu had more Ca (p = 0.02), Mg (p = 0.06), and K (p = 0.03) than milk from control hinds. However, Cu supplementation did not influence the Cu content of milk. Therefore, it can be concluded that Cu supplementation of hinds fed a balanced diet from late-gestation to the end of lactation could be a good strategy to reduce SCC and modify the mineral profile of milk increasing its Ca content.

scholarly journals Comparison of the effectiveness and safety of intravenous and topical regimens of tranexamic acid in complex tibial plateau fracture: a retrospective study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhimeng Wang ◽  
Yao Lu ◽  
Qian Wang ◽  
Leilei Song ◽  
Teng Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Loss ◽  
Tibial Plateau ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Saline Solution ◽  
Physiological Saline ◽  
Wound Complications ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vascular Events ◽  
Physiological Saline Solution ◽  
Plateau Fracture

Abstract Background Previous studies have demonstrated the effectiveness and safety of tranexamic acid (TXA) in orthopedic surgery. However, no study has investigated TXA in complex tibial plateau fracture surgery. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to confirm the safety and effectiveness of i.v. (intravenous) TXA and topical TXA.Material and methods This was a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data. The control group received an equal amount of placebo (physiological saline solution); the i.v. group received 1.0 g TXA by intravenous injection before the tourniquet was inflated and before the surgical incision was closed, and the topical group received 3.0 g TXA in 75 mL of physiological saline solution 5 minutes prior to the final tourniquet release. Perioperative blood loss, vascular events, wound complications, and adverse reactions were compared among the three groups. The pain, knee function, and quality of life (QoL) assessments were based on their corresponding scoring systems.Results Baseline data were comparable for all groups. The i.v. group showed the best results for total blood loss (TBL) and hidden blood loss (HBL) (424.5 ± 49.4 mL and 219.3 ± 33.4 mL, respectively, all P values < 0.001). Patients in the i.v. group had lesser real Hb decrease than those in the control group (0.9 vs 1.5, P＜0.001) and topical group (0.9 vs 1.2, P = 0.026). The blood coagulation level as measured using fibrinolysis (D-dimer) was lower in the i.v. group than in the control and topical groups on POD1 and POD3; however, this difference was not significant; the fibrin-degradation products also showed a similar trend. Patients in the topical group experienced less pain than those in the control group on POD2, POD4, and PO6W. The VAS pain score was 3.6 vs. 4.4 (POD2, P＜0.05), 2.8 vs 3.3 (POD4, P＜0.05), and 2.1 vs. 2.6 (PO6W, P＜0.001) in the topical group vs control group, respectively. No significant differences were identified in vascular events, wound complications, adverse reactions, knee function, and QoL among the three groups.Conclusion To our knowledge, this is the first study that showed both i.v. TXA and topical TXA are safe and effective for complex tibial plateau fractures. The i.v. regimen effectively reduced blood loss during the perioperative period, whereas patients under the topical regimen had less vascular events, wound complications, and a lower incidence of adverse reactions compared to those in the i.v. group.

scholarly journals Ziziphus spina-christi Leaf Extract Suppressed Mercury Chloride-Induced Nephrotoxicity via Nrf2-Antioxidant Pathway Activation and Inhibition of Inflammatory and Apoptotic Signaling

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafa S. Almeer ◽  
Gadah Albasher ◽  
Fatimah Alotibi ◽  
Saud Alarifi ◽  
Daoud Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Saline Solution ◽  
Physiological Saline ◽  
Antioxidant Response ◽  
Renal Tissue ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mercury Chloride ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Physiological Saline Solution

Exposure to heavy metals, including mercury chloride (HgCl2), is associated with severe health problems. This study was designed to investigate HgCl2-induced nephrotoxicity and evaluate the protective role of Ziziphus spina-christi leaf extract (ZSCLE). Four randomly selected groups containing seven rats were used. For a period of 28 days, the control group was administered 0.9% saline solution; the second group was administered 300 mg/kg ZSCLE; the third group was administered 0.4 mg/kg HgCl2 dissolved in 0.9% physiological saline solution; and the fourth group was administered an oral supplement of 300 mg/kg ZSCLE one hour after HgCl2 administration. HgCl2 intoxication resulted in Hg accumulation in renal tissue; decreases in body weight, kidney index, and glutathione content and superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase activities; increases in creatinine, urea, Kim-1 expression, lipid peroxidation, and nitric oxide production; suppression of the Nrf2-antioxidant response pathway; upregulation of Il1β, Tnfα, and Nos2; and potentiation of proapoptotic activity. ZSCLE exerted beneficial effects against mercury-induced renal toxicity and significantly reversed these alterations to near normal values. These effects resulted from its chelation and antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic activities. ZSCLE may prevent or minimize the pathological changes induced by mercury in the kidney.

scholarly journals Quercetin Attenuates Pancreatic and Renal D-Galactose-Induced Aging-Related Oxidative Alterations in Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (12) ◽  
pp. 4348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali H. El-Far ◽  
Mohamed A. Lebda ◽  
Ahmed E. Noreldin ◽  
Mustafa S. Atta ◽  
Yaser H. A. Elewa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Physiological Saline ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Functional Markers ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Physiological Saline Solution ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Bcl2 Protein

Aging is an oxidative stress-associated process that progresses with age. Our aim is to delay or attenuate these oxidative alterations and to keep individuals healthy as they age using natural compounds supplementation. Therefore, we conducted the present study to investigate the protective potentials of quercetin against D-galactose (D-gal)-associated oxidative alterations that were induced experimentally in male Wistar rats. Forty-five rats were randomly allocated into five groups of nine rats each. The groups were a control group that was reared on a basal diet and injected subcutaneously with 120 mg D-gal dissolved in physiological saline solution (0.9% NaCl) per kg body weight daily and quercetin-treated groups that received the same basal diet and subcutaneous daily D-gal injections were supplemented orally with 25, 50, and 100 mg of quercetin per kg body weight for 42 days. Pancreatic and renal samples were subjected to histopathological, immunohistochemical, and relative mRNA expression assessments. Aging (p53, p21, IL-6, and IL-8), apoptotic (Bax, CASP-3, and caspase-3 protein), proliferative (Ki67 protein), antiapoptotic (Bcl2 and Bcl2 protein), inflammatory (NF-κB, IL-1β, and TNF-α), antioxidant (SOD1), and functional markers (GCLC and GCLM genes and insulin, glucagon, and podocin proteins) were determined to evaluate the oxidative alterations induced by D-gal and the protective role of quercetin. D-gal caused oxidative alterations of the pancreas and kidneys observed via upregulations of aging, apoptotic, and inflammatory markers and downregulated the antiapoptotic, proliferative, antioxidant, and functional markers. Quercetin potentially attenuated these aging-related oxidative alterations in a dose-dependent manner. Finally, we can conclude that quercetin supplementation is considered as a promising natural protective compound that could be used to delay the aging process and to maintain human health.

scholarly journals Parathyroid function and calcium concentration in serum of dexamethasone treated rabbits

2000 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-133
Author(s):  
Mashi S. K. ◽  
Al-Ar'rak J. K.
Keyword(s):  
Parathyroid Gland ◽  
Physiological Saline ◽  
Secretory Activity ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Parathyroid Function ◽  
Physiological Saline Solution ◽  
Therapeutic Doses

This experiment was carried out to determine structural functional changes which could be caused due to uses of dexamethasone at daily therapeutic doses in rabbits for a reasonable period. Ten adult male rabbits were randomly divided into two equal groups control and treatment. Animals of the treatment group were intramuscularly injected with dexamethasone sod. citrate (0.06 mg/100g.B.W.) for 14 days. Animals of control group received the same dose of normal physiological saline solution blood samples were collected every other day until 48 hours after the last injection serum was isolated for measurement of calcium concentrations. At the end of the experiment tissue samples from the parathyroid glands were isolate to prepare histological stained sections . Dexamethasone did not cause significant changes in serum concentration of calcium of treated group compared with its concentrations in control group. Light microscopic examination of hematoxylin eosion stained sections of parathyroid gland showed enlargement and increase in number of light chief cells indicating increased secretory activity due to dexamethasone injection. The increased of parathyroid gland activity explain the maintenance of total calcium level within the normal range in spite of the expected hypocalcemia due to dexamethasone administration. 

scholarly journals Comparison of the effectiveness and safety of intravenous and topical regimens of tranexamic acid in complex tibial plateau fracture: a retrospective study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhimeng Wang ◽  
Yao Lu ◽  
Qian Wang ◽  
Leilei Song ◽  
Teng Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Loss ◽  
Tibial Plateau ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Saline Solution ◽  
Physiological Saline ◽  
Wound Complications ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vascular Events ◽  
Physiological Saline Solution ◽  
Plateau Fracture

Abstract Background Previous studies have demonstrated the effectiveness and safety of tranexamic acid (TXA) in orthopedic surgery. However, no study has investigated TXA in complex tibial plateau fracture surgery. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to confirm the safety and effectiveness of i.v. (intravenous) TXA and topical TXA.Material and methods This was a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data. The control group received an equal amount of placebo (physiological saline solution); the i.v. group received 1.0 g TXA by intravenous injection before the tourniquet was inflated and before the surgical incision was closed, and the topical group received 3.0 g TXA in 75 mL of physiological saline solution 5 minutes prior to the final tourniquet release. Perioperative blood loss, vascular events, wound complications, and adverse reactions were compared among the three groups. The pain, knee function, and quality of life (QoL) assessments were based on their corresponding scoring systems.Results Baseline data were comparable for all groups. The i.v. group showed the best results for total blood loss (TBL) and hidden blood loss (HBL) (424.5 ± 49.4 mL and 219.3 ± 33.4 mL, respectively, all P values < 0.001). Patients in the i.v. group had lesser real Hb decrease than those in the control group (0.9 vs 1.5, P＜0.001) and topical group (0.9 vs 1.2, P = 0.026). The blood coagulation level as measured using fibrinolysis (D-dimer) was lower in the i.v. group than in the control and topical groups on POD1 and POD3; however, this difference was not significant; the fibrin-degradation products also showed a similar trend. Patients in the topical group experienced less pain than those in the control group on POD2, POD4, and PO6W. The VAS pain score was 3.6 vs. 4.4 (POD2, P＜0.05), 2.8 vs 3.3 (POD4, P＜0.05), and 2.1 vs. 2.6 (PO6W, P＜0.001) in the topical group vs control group, respectively. No significant differences were identified in vascular events, wound complications, adverse reactions, knee function, and QoL among the three groups.Conclusion To our knowledge, this is the first study that showed both i.v. TXA and topical TXA are safe and effective for complex tibial plateau fractures. The i.v. regimen effectively reduced blood loss during the perioperative period, whereas patients under the topical regimen had less vascular events, wound complications, and a lower incidence of adverse reactions compared to those in the i.v. group.

scholarly journals Comparison of the effectiveness and safety of intravenous and topical regimens of tranexamic acid in complex tibial plateau fracture: a retrospective study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhimeng Wang ◽  
Yao Lu ◽  
Qian Wang ◽  
Leilei Song ◽  
Teng Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Loss ◽  
Tranexamic Acid ◽  
Tibial Plateau ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Saline Solution ◽  
Physiological Saline ◽  
Wound Complications ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vascular Events ◽  
Physiological Saline Solution

Abstract Background Previous studies have demonstrated the effectiveness and safety of tranexamic acid (TXA) in orthopedics. However, no study has investigated TXA in complex tibial plate surgery. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to confirm the safety and effectiveness of IV (intravenous) TXA and topical TXA. Material and methods This was a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data. The control group received an equal amount of placebo (physiological saline solution); the IV group received 1.0 g TXA by intravenous injection before the tourniquet was inflated and before the surgical incision was closed, and the topical group received 3.0 g TXA in 75 mL of physiological saline solution before 5 min prior to the final tourniquet release. Perioperative blood loss, vascular events, wound complications, and adverse reactions were compared for the three groups.The pain functional and quality of life (QoL) assessment based on their corresponding scoring system. Results Baseline data were comparable for all groups. The IV group showed the best results for total blood loss (TBL) and hidden blood loss (HBL) (424.5 ± 29.4 ml, 219.3 ± 33.4 ml, respectively, all p values < 0.001). The topical group performed excellently with regard to postoperative vascular events, wound complications, and adverse reactions, but there was no statistical significant in the incidence of these between the groups.In addition, the topical group benefited in reducing postoperative pain and better QoL. Conclusion This study presents the first information to show that both IV TXA and topical TXA are safe and effective for complex tibial plateau fractures. The IV regimen effectively reduced blood loss during the perioperative period, whereas the topical regimen had a better safety profile and QoL.

HARMONIZED STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF THE EFFICACY OF INTRAPERITONEAL CHEMOTHERAPY REGIMENS WITH DIOXADET ON ASCITIC OVARIAN CANCER MODEL

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 329-335
Author(s):  
Vladimir Bespalov ◽  
Aleksey Belyaev ◽  
Denis Baranenko ◽  
Nikita Khromov-borisov ◽  
Valeriy Aleksandrov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Survival Time ◽  
Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy ◽  
Physiological Saline ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Antitumor Effects ◽  
Mean Survival Time ◽  
Physiological Saline Solution

A comparative statistical study of the results of eight independent experiments on the efficacy of intraperitoneal chemotherapy has been performed. The regiments of cathether intraperitoneal chemotherapy (CIPC), normothermic and hyperthermic chemoperfusion (NIPEC and HIPEC) with antitumor drug dioxadet were investigated in 288 female Wistar rats with ascitic ovarian cancer. Ovarian cancer was transplanted intra-peritoneally (i.p.) 48 hours prior to a single chemotherapy at a number of 1*107 tumor cells. Dioxadet was administered at the maximum tolerated doses: CIPC - via syringe - 1.5 mg/kg body weight; NIPEC (36,5-37,5°С) and HIPEC (40,5-41,5°С) - infused for a continuous circulation using an experimental setting - at respective doses 30 and 15 mg/kg body weight. The rats in the control groups were administered in the same manner with physiological saline solution. The antitumor effects of the treatment were estimated as an increase in survival time. The statistical analysis was based on the principles of harmonization of statistical evidence and predictions. The mean survival time in the control group without treatment (i.p. saline injection) was 15 days with 95% confidence interval (CI) from 12 to 19 days. IPC, NIPEC and HIPEC increased mean survival time by 85, 97 and 202% (p

scholarly journals Effect of Intramuscular Medetomidine Administration on Tear Flow in Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teppei Kanda ◽  
Yuka Mizoguchi ◽  
Kayo Furumoto ◽  
Yuki Shimizu ◽  
Noritaka Maeta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Calculated Data ◽  
Physiological Saline ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Phenol Red ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Tear Flow ◽  
Physiological Saline Solution

Medetomidine has been reported to decrease tear flow significantly in dogs, cats, and pigs when used as a sedative or analgesic; however, there are no such reports when it comes to rats. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of medetomidine on tear flow in rats. Medetomidine in doses of 50, 100, or 200 µg/kg or a physiological saline solution as the control, were administered intramuscularly to male Slc:Wistar/ST rats. After the administration of medetomidine, tear flow in both eyes was measured using a phenol red thread tear test. The area under the curve (AUC) of phenol red thread test values from baseline to 8 h was calculated. Data were plotted against the dose of medetomidine and simple linear regression analysis was performed. The effect of the drug on phenol red thread test values was considered dose-related when linear analysis yielded a significant relationship. In all medetomidine-treated groups, tear flow decreased significantly in both eyes after administration, while no significant changes were observed in either eye in the control group. The AUC values from baseline to 8 h after administration in groups treated with 100 and 200 µg/kg of medetomidine were significantly lower in both the left and right eyes compared to the control group. The linear regression of the AUC values was significant for both eyes. Our results indicated that the intramuscular administration of medetomidine in rats decreased tear flow significantly in a dose-dependent manner.

Antler mineral composition of Iberian red deer Cervus elaphus hispanicus is related to mineral profile of diet

2009 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 235-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose A. Estevez ◽  
Tomás Landete-Castillejos ◽  
Alberto Martínez ◽  
Andrés J. García ◽  
Francisco Ceacero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Composition ◽  
Cervus Elaphus ◽  
Red Deer ◽  
Cervus Elaphus Hispanicus ◽  
Iberian Red Deer ◽  
Mineral Profile
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