A single gene controls resistance to septoria nodorum blotch in the Aegilops tauschii accession AUS21712

2001 ◽  
Vol 52 (12) ◽  
pp. 1403 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. E. A. Murphy ◽  
R. Loughman ◽  
R. E. Wilson ◽  
E. S. Lagudah ◽  
R. Appels ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Gene ◽  
Aegilops Tauschii ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Septoria Nodorum ◽  
Genetics Of Resistance ◽  
Susceptible Parent ◽  
Tauschii Accession ◽  
Resistant Parent ◽  
Septoria Nodorum Blotch ◽  
Potential Source

A potential source of resistance to septoria nodorum blotch had been identified in an accession of the wild wheat, Aegilops tauschii. A cross was made between the resistant Ae. tauschii accession, AUS21712, and a susceptible accession, CPI110889, to study the genetics of resistance. The parental accessions and the F1, F3, and F4 progeny were screened in the glasshouse as seedlings. The resistant parent took significantly longer to develop symptoms, developed significantly fewer lesions, and expressed significantly lower levels of disease than the susceptible parent. The F1 mean response for disease severity indicated resistance was dominant. The genotypic ratios generated from the screening of the F3 and F4 generations were not significantly different from the genotypic ratio expected for a single gene. The efficacy of the resistance and its simple genetic control in the Ae. tauschii accession AUS21712 means that the potential exists to use this Ae. tauschii resistance gene in a bread wheat breeding program.

scholarly journals GWAS analysis reveals distinct pathogenicity profiles of Australian Parastagonospora nodorum isolates and identification of marker-trait-associations to septoria nodorum blotch

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Huyen T. T. Phan ◽  
Eiko Furuki ◽  
Lukas Hunziker ◽  
Kasia Rybak ◽  
Kar-Chun Tan
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Snp Markers ◽  
Septoria Nodorum ◽  
Seedling Resistance ◽  
Association Analyses ◽  
Septoria Nodorum Blotch ◽  
Parastagonospora Nodorum ◽  
First Time

AbstractThe fungus Parastagonospora nodorum is the causal agent of septoria nodorum leaf blotch (SNB) and glume blotch which are common in many wheat growing regions in the world. The disease is complex and could be explained by multiple interactions between necrotrophic effectors secreted by the pathogen and matching susceptibility genes in wheat. An Australian P. nodorum population was clustered into five groups with contrasting properties. This study was set to identify their pathogenicity profiles using a diverse wheat panel of 134 accessions which are insensitive to SnToxA and SnTox1 in both in vitro and in vivo conditions. SNB seedling resistance/susceptibility to five representative isolates from the five clusters, responses to crude culture-filtrates (CFs) of three isolates and sensitivity to SnTox3 semi-purified effector together with 11,455 SNP markers have been used for linkage disequilibrium (LD) and association analyses. While quantitative trait loci (QTL) on 1D, 2A, 2B, 4B, 5B, 6A, 6B, 7A, 7D chromosomes were consistently detected across isolates and conditions, distinct patterns and isolate specific QTL were also observed among these isolates. In this study, SnTox3–Snn3-B1 interaction for the first time in Australia and SnTox3–Snn3-D1 interaction for the first time in bread wheat were found active using wild-type isolates. These findings could be due to new SnTox3 haplotype/isoform and exotic CIMMYT/ICARDA and Vavilov germplasm used, respectively. This study could provide useful information for dissecting novel and different SNB disease components, helping to prioritise research targets and contributing valuable information on genetic loci/markers for marker-assisted selection in SNB resistance wheat breeding programme.

scholarly journals A wheat chromosome 5AL region confers seedling resistance to both tan spot and Septoria nodorum blotch in two mapping populations

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 809-818 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenjing Hu ◽  
Xinyao He ◽  
Susanne Dreisigacker ◽  
Carolina P. Sansaloni ◽  
Philomin Juliana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Chromosome ◽  
Tan Spot ◽  
Septoria Nodorum ◽  
Seedling Resistance ◽  
Septoria Nodorum Blotch ◽  
Mapping Populations

THE INHERITANCE OF RESISTANCE IN RYE TO Puccinia recondita f. sp. secalis and f. sp. tritici

1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 511-519 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. L. C. MUSA ◽  
P. L. DYCK ◽  
D. J. SAMBORSKI
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Secale Cereale ◽  
Single Gene ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Puccinia Recondita ◽  
Wheat Leaf Rust ◽  
Susceptible Parent ◽  
Seedling Resistance ◽  
Wheat Leaf

The inheritance of seedling resistance to isolate RLR 213/78 of rye leaf rust (Puccinia recondita f. sp. secalis) and race 30 of wheat leaf rust (P. recondita f. sp. tritici Rob.) was investigated in six inbred lines of rye (Secale cereale). Inbred line UM8116 was used as the susceptible parent in crosses. Inbred lines UM8003, UM8071 and UM8301 each have a single gene and UM8336 and UM8340 each have two genes for resistance to rye leaf rust. For resistance to wheat leaf rust UM8071 has a single gene, UM8003 and UM8340 each have two genes and UM8301 and UM8336 each have three genes. UM8295 is heterogeneous for reaction to both rusts. One of the genes in UM8340 may condition resistance to both rusts. The genes for resistance to RLR 213/78 appear to be independently inherited while some of the genes conferring resistance to race 30 may be identical or very closely linked. The potential of rye as a source of disease resistance for wheat and triticale improvement is discussed.Key words: Secale cereale, disease resistance, wheat leaf rust

scholarly journals Evaluation of Septoria Nodorum Blotch (SNB) Resistance in Glumes of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and the Genetic Relationship With Foliar Disease Response

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael G. Francki ◽  
Esther Walker ◽  
Christopher J. McMullan ◽  
W. George Morris
Keyword(s):  
Physical Map ◽  
Phenotypic Selection ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Phenotypic Correlation ◽  
Septoria Nodorum ◽  
Genotype By Environment Interactions ◽  
Genotype By Environment ◽  
Septoria Nodorum Blotch ◽  
Foliar Resistance ◽  
Genetic Mechanisms

Septoria nodorum blotch (SNB) is a necrotrophic disease of wheat prominent in some parts of the world, including Western Australia (WA) causing significant losses in grain yield. The genetic mechanisms for resistance are complex involving multiple quantitative trait loci. In order to decipher comparable or independent regulation, this study identified the genetic control for glume compared to foliar resistance across four environments in WA against 37 different isolates. High proportion of the phenotypic variation across environments was contributed by genotype (84.0% for glume response and 82.7% for foliar response) with genotype-by-environment interactions accounting for a proportion of the variation for both glume and foliar response (14.7 and 16.2%, respectively). Despite high phenotypic correlation across environments, most of the eight and 14 QTL detected for glume and foliar resistance using genome wide association analysis (GWAS), respectively, were identified as environment-specific. QTL for glume and foliar resistance neither co-located nor were in LD in any particular environment indicating autonomous genetic mechanisms control SNB response in adult plants, regulated by independent biological mechanisms and influenced by significant genotype-by- environment interactions. Known Snn and Tsn loci and QTL were compared with 22 environment-specific QTL. None of the eight QTL for glume or the 14 for foliar response were co-located or in linkage disequilibrium with Snn and only one foliar QTL was in LD with Tsn loci on the physical map. Therefore, glume and foliar response to SNB in wheat is regulated by multiple environment-specific loci which function independently, with limited influence of known NE-Snn interactions for disease progression in Western Australian environments. Breeding for stable resistance would consequently rely on recurrent phenotypic selection to capture and retain favorable alleles for both glume and foliar resistance relevant to a particular environment.

scholarly journals Host-pathogen interaction between spring wheat and Septoria nodorum with reference to resistance breeding

1985 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-66
Author(s):  
Reijo Karjalainen
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Septoria Nodorum ◽  
Spore Concentration ◽  
Screening Techniques ◽  
Host Pathogen Interaction ◽  
Host Pathogen ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

Host-pathogen interaction between spring wheat and Septoria nodorum Berk. with applications for wheat breeding were studied. Ultrastructure of interactions was studied using electron microscopic techniques. Following inoculation, conidia of S. nodorum germinate, form appressoria anda penetration peg which directly penetrates through the cell walls. It is suggested that most penetration attempts fail because of cellular defence reactions, formation of papillae and cell wall alterations. Inoculation with low spore concentration reduced grain yield of Hankkija’s Taava cultivar by 10 % and 1000-grain weight by 14 %. Inoculation with high spore concentration on large plots of Tähti cultivar reduced grain yield by 32 % and 1000-grain weight by 18 %. Inoculation with high spore concentration on normal breeding plots of Tähti cultivar reduced grain yield by 35 % and 1000-grain weight by 21 % and the grain yield of Kadett cultivar by 27 % and 1000-grain weight by 20 %. Inheritance studies on F2 progenies of spring wheat crosses involving susceptible and moderately or highly resistant parents suggest that heredity component of symptom expression is moderate level and breeding success depends mainly on efficient screening techniques. Resistance was associated with tallness in crosses, and cultivar trials suggest that resistance is positively associated with late maturation time. Field screening techniques based on small plots and artificial inoculation showed that the most resistant entries were wild Triticum species and late and tall cultivars. Seedling plant tests based on attached seedling leaves and detached leaves revealed easily the most resistant and most susceptible cultivars. The overall correlation between seedling tests and field tests was quite high. The results are discussed in relation to wheat breeding strategies for resistance to S. nodorum.

Dieldrin-resistance in a strain of Aedes aegypti (L.) from Puerto Rico

1964 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 519-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Guneidy
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Cross Resistance ◽  
Autosomal Gene ◽  
Normal Strain ◽  
Susceptible Parent ◽  
Resistant Parent ◽  
Back Cross ◽  
Direct Cross ◽  
Resistance Spectrum

The cross-resistance characteristics of a dieldrin-resistant strain of Aedes aegypti (L.) from Puerto Rico were investigated by comparative tests on the adults of this and of a normal strain, using various insecticides. A resistance spectrum typical of that associated with resistance to BHC/dieldrin in other insects was revealed, characterised by slight or negligible cross-resistance to DDT, malathion and diazinon.The mode of inheritance of dieldrin-resistance was studied by determining resistance levels in the progeny of direct crosses of the resistant and normal strains and of back-crosses. The F1 generation of the direct cross was of intermediate resistance, and the F1 generation showed 1:2:1 segregation into normal, intermediate and resistant individuals. Both back-crosses showed 1:1 segregation into susceptible and intermediate individuals when the back-cross was to the susceptible parent, or into intermediate and resistant individuals when it was to the resistant parent, and these results were confirmed when one genotype was eliminated and the back-cross was repeated. These results indicate monofactorial inheritance of an autosomal gene with intermediate dominance, which is typical of the BHC/dieldrin type of resistance.

Septoria nodorum blotch resistance in Aegilops tauschii and its expression in synthetic amphiploids

2001 ◽  
Vol 52 (12) ◽  
pp. 1393 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Loughman ◽  
E. S. Lagudah ◽  
M. Trottet ◽  
R. E. Wilson ◽  
A. Mathews
Keyword(s):  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Aegilops Tauschii ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Infection Frequency ◽  
Synthetic Wheat ◽  
Seedling Resistance ◽  
Adult Disease ◽  
Septoria Nodorum Blotch ◽  
Late Maturity ◽  
Moderate Resistance

A collection of 433 Aegilops tauschii was screened for response to infection with Stagonospora nodorum. Resistance similar or marginally superior to the range observed in spring wheat genotypes was readily identified. Three lines, RL5271, Aus18911, and Aus21712, were resistant to a range of pathogen isolates and were similar in resistance to a highly resistant French line, No.33. Accessions of Ae. tauschii assessed as resistant or susceptible as seedlings had corresponding reactions when tested as adult plants, with resistance being commonly expressed as restricted lesion development. Infection frequency differed between some Ae. tauschii lines. Seedling resistance in synthetic bread wheats was expressed partially or not at all depending on both the tetraploid and the tetraploid/Ae. tauschii combination. Assessment of adult responses among a range of synthetics showed occasional expression of moderate resistance around the level observed among reference bread wheat cultivars of similar maturity. Disease escape associated with late maturity was common. One synthetic wheat, #231, derived from a resistant Ae. tauschii, exhibited low adult disease expression associated with late maturity. This line was resistant in seedling tests and seedling resistance was dominant in F1 hybrids to bread wheat.

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