Yellow lupin (Lupinus luteus) tolerates waterlogging better than narrow-leafed lupin (L. angustifolius) III. Comparison under field conditions

2000 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 721 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. L. Davies ◽  
D. W. Turner ◽  
M. Dracup
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Similar Rate ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Lupinus Luteus ◽  
Root Production ◽  
Yellow Lupin ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Better Than

This study determined whether the tolerance of yellow lupin to waterlogging, observed in experiments in controlled environments, occurs under field conditions. Of particular interest is the impact of waterlogging on the distribution of roots because lupin is exposed to terminal drought in the south of Western Australia, which in itself can have a profound effect on yield. A field experiment was undertaken in the central grain-growing region of Western Australia near Beverley using hydraulically isolated plots to impose and remove waterlogging in a duplex soil. The responses of root and shoot growth of narrow-leafed and yellow lupin to waterlogging in the field were similar to those observed in the controlled environment experiments. In the field experiment, waterlogging had no effect on seed yield of yellow lupin but reduced it by 61% in narrow-leafed lupin. Waterlogging more than halved the dry weight of narrow-leafed lupin but reduced it by only 19% in yellow lupin. In yellow lupin, yield was 3.4 t/ha with waterlogging and 3.8 t/ha without waterlogging, compared with 1.4 t/ha with waterlogging and 3.5 t/ha without waterlogging in narrow-leafed lupin. Waterlogging had no effect on the harvest index of yellow lupin (0.26) but reduced it from 0.36 to 0.31 in narrow-leafed lupin. The larger effect of waterlogging on the yield of narrow-leafed lupin was mainly attributable to fewer pods. Net root growth ceased during waterlogging in both species. After waterlogging, roots of yellow lupin grew at a similar rate to the controls, whereas roots of narrow-leafed lupin grew at a much slower rate than the controls. Waterlogging halved the root density of yellow lupin at 25 cm depth and almost eliminated the roots of narrow-leafed lupin at this depth. After waterlogging, root production in the surface 10 cm increased to about 0.5 cm/cm 3 in yellow lupin but to 0.2 cm/cm 3 in narrow-leafed lupin. At depth (>20 cm), roots of waterlogged yellow lupin continued to grow while those of waterlogged narrow-leafed lupin grew little, if at all. Yellow lupin tolerated waterlogging in the field better than narrow-leafed lupin because it re-established its root system at depth after waterlogging was removed and it produced more fertile pods.

Yellow lupin (Lupinus luteus) tolerates waterlogging better than narrow-leafed lupin (L. angustifolius) I. Shoot and root growth in a controlled environment

2000 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 701 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. L. Davies ◽  
D. W. Turner ◽  
M. Dracup
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Lupinus Luteus ◽  
Controlled Environment ◽  
Yellow Lupin ◽  
Legume Crop ◽  
Leaf Dry Weight ◽  
Better Than

We studied the adaptation of narrow-leafed lupin (Lupinus angustifolius) and yellow lupin (L. luteus) to waterlogging because yellow lupin may have potential as a new legume crop for coarse-textured, acidic, waterlogging-prone areas in Western Australia. In a controlled environment, plants were waterlogged for 14 days at 28 or 56 days after sowing (DAS). Plants were more sensitive when waterlogged from 56 to 70 DAS than from 28 to 42 DAS, root growth was more sensitive than shoot growth, and leaf expansion was more sensitive than leaf dry weight accumulation. Waterlogging reduced the growth of narrow-leafed lupin (60–81%) more than that of yellow lupin (25–56%) and the response was more pronounced 2 weeks after waterlogging ceased than at the end of waterlogging. Waterlogging arrested net root growth in narrow-leafed lupin but not in yellow lupin, so that after 2 weeks of recovery the root dry weight of yellow lupin was the same as that of the control plants but in narrow-leafed lupin it was 62% less than the corresponding control plants. Both species produced equal amounts of hypocotyl root when waterlogged from 28 to 42 DAS but yellow lupin produced much greater amounts than narrow-leafed lupin when waterlogged from 56 to 70 DAS.

Yellow lupin (Lupinus luteus) tolerates waterlogging better than narrow-leafed lupin (L. angustifolius) IV. Root genotype is more important than shoot genotype

2000 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 729 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. L. Davies ◽  
D. W. Turner ◽  
R. Munns ◽  
M. Dracup
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Gas Exchange ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Lupinus Luteus ◽  
Stem Water Potential ◽  
Yellow Lupin ◽  
Leaf Stage ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Total Plant ◽  
Better Than

To understand how yellow lupin tolerates waterlogging better than narrow-leafed lupin, we investigated the roles of the roots and the shoots of these species. Reciprocal- and self-grafted combinations (scion = shoot/rootstock) of yellow and narrow-leafed lupin were made at the 2-leaf stage and waterlogged 45 days later (8–10 leaf stage). Responses to waterlogging were examined at the end of waterlogging and following a recovery period of 14 days.Waterlogging of reciprocal and self-grafted plants reduced total plant dry weight by 15–58% compared with non-waterlogged controls. These reductions were greater when the rootstock was narrow-leafed rather than yellow lupin, and were similar for the roots and shoots. Waterlogging increased dry weight of hypocotyl roots in most grafting combinations (by 2–19-fold), but grafts with narrow-leafed lupin scions produced almost twice the hypocotyl root length of grafts with yellow lupin scions. During the waterlogging period, leaf gas exchange decreased by 16–74% in all grafting combinations except in narrow-leafed lupin scion/yellow lupin rootstock where it increased by 17–30%. During waterlogging, stem water potential decreased and leaf osmotic pressure increased. These changes compensated one another and consequently there was no effect on bulk leaf turgor. After 14 days recovery, water relations returned to initial values. Tolerance of the whole plant to waterlogging was influenced more by the root genotype than the shoot genotype. However, production of hypocotyl roots in response to waterlogging was related to the shoot genotype rather than the root genotype.

scholarly journals Biomechanics of Atlas Cedar Roots in response to the Medium Hydromechanical Characteristics

Scientifica ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Belkacem EL Amrani ◽  
Mohammed Bendriss Amraoui
Keyword(s):  
Root Architecture ◽  
Aerial Part ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Water Holding Capacity ◽  
Root Production ◽  
Main Root ◽  
Short Root ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Water Holding ◽  
Stimulation Of

The biomechanical root flexibility in response to hydromechanical soil heterogeneity is the most determining factor of the root architecture which plays a paramount role in mycorrhizal infection and allows the seedlings to adapt to the environmental constraint. We examined the impact of five different hydromechanical medium properties (hydroponics, vermiculite, vermiculite-gravel, sawdust, and sand) on the morphology, physiology, and anatomy of Cedrus atlantica seedlings at a controlled growth chamber. The growth of the seedling is strongly stimulated by the hydroponic medium through the stimulation of the aerial part dry weight and the main root length. However, the sand medium increases the main root dry weight by the radial expanse stimulation at the level of the epidermis, vascular cylinder, and cortex and compensates the less root architecture by the stimulation of the xylem and phloem areas. In contrast to sand and hydroponic media, the sawdust medium stimulates the phloem/xylem ratio, the root architecture, and the short roots. The Pearson bilateral correlation shows that the aerial part dry weight is positively correlated with the permeability, porosity, and water-holding capacity and negatively with the bulk density and density at saturation, whereas the short root production is negatively correlated with the permeability and water-holding capacity. Hence, the hydromechanical characteristics of the soils must be taken into account in the reforestation and mycorrhization attempts.

Effect of seedling damage by redlegged earth mite, Halotydeus destructor, on subsequent growth and development of yellow lupin, Lupinus luteus, in the glasshouse

2000 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 113 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Liu ◽  
T. J. Ridsdill-Smith ◽  
D. C. Nicholas
Keyword(s):  
Flowering Time ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Seedling Stage ◽  
Lupinus Luteus ◽  
Feeding Damage ◽  
Yellow Lupin ◽  
Halotydeus Destructor ◽  
Redlegged Earth Mite

Redlegged earth mite (Halotydeus destructor) causes feeding damage to some pulse species at the seedling stage. To quantify the effect of this damage on subsequent plant growth and development, an experiment was conducted in the glasshouse using yellow lupin, Lupinus luteus cv. Motiv, which is highly susceptible to the mites. After emergence, plants were infested with 0, 100, 150, and 250 mites/plant, collected from the field. Fourteen days after application, mites were removed. Damage to plants was estimated at seedling stage, flowering time, and maturity. At seedling stage (on Day 14), feeding damage scores to cotyledons and true leaves were greater at higher mite densities. Damaged plants produced fewer nodules, fewer lateral roots, and less dry weight than the control. On Day 35, severely damaged plants failed to recover and on the surviving plants, cotyledons and true leaves died earlier than on the plants without damage. On Day 78, when plants were flowering, the surviving plants produced fewer nodules and branches, and less dry weight per plant than the control. The flowering time of plants with the mite treatments was delayed by up to 6 days compared with the controls. The final shoot dry weight, pod number, seed number, and seed yield per pot were significantly reduced by the mite treatments. Feeding by H. destructor on seedlings of yellow lupin caused a reduction in seed yield of 58% at the highest mite density treatment. This significant economic loss needs to be confirmed under field conditions, but it signifies the need to develop appropriate control measures for this pest.

Aphid feeding damage causes large losses in susceptible lupin cultivars

2003 ◽  
Vol 43 (11) ◽  
pp. 1357 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. A. Berlandier ◽  
M. W. Sweetingham
Keyword(s):  
Green Peach Aphid ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Lupinus Luteus ◽  
Grain Production ◽  
Yellow Lupin ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Aphid Feeding ◽  
Extent Of Damage ◽  
The Impact

The impact of infestation by bluegreen aphid, Acyrthosiphon kondoi, cowpea aphid, Aphis craccivora, and/or green peach aphid, Myzus persicae, on grain production of narrow-leafed lupin (Lupinus angustifolius) and yellow lupin (Lupinus luteus) was assessed at 4 sites in the Western Australian grainbelt. Yield losses caused by naturally occurring aphids on 4 cultivars of narrow-leafed and 2 cultivars of yellow lupins were measured by applying the systemic insecticide imidacloprid as a seed dressing and/or as foliar sprays throughout the plant growth phase and compared with untreated control plots. The extent of damage caused by aphids varied greatly but was significantly influenced by lupin cultivar, and yields for the same treatment combination varied between geographical locations. Bluegreen aphid was the most abundant species wherever large colonies of aphids developed. Yellow lupin Wodjil was the most infested and suffered severe losses in grain yield, whereas narrow-leafed lupin Kalya was largely resistant to aphids and there were negligible losses in grain production from plots not treated for aphids. In a fifth experiment, a single foliar spray of the insecticide pirimicarb controlled abundant aphids and increased yield by as much as 95% (0.65 t/ha) in Wodjil. Lupin growers need to be aware of the potential losses aphids can cause and that applying foliar insecticidal sprays to susceptible cultivars can prevent such losses.

The Impact of Psychological Traits on Performance Under Pressure—Experimental Evidence of Handball Penalties

2021 ◽  
pp. 152700252110271
Author(s):  
Christoph Bühren ◽  
Lisa Träger
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Psychological Traits ◽  
Sequential Games ◽  
First Mover Advantage ◽  
The Impact ◽  
First Mover ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Performance Under Pressure

Our field experiment analyzes the influence of psychological traits on performance in sequential games. It uses handball penalties thrown under individual, team, or tournament incentives in the ABBA sequence. Considering the single moves of these games, player A and player B are taking turns in being the first-mover. We find no significant first-mover advantage. However, we observe that player A performs better than player B under tournament incentives and if he or she is confident enough.

A comparison of the adaptation of yellow lupin (Lupinus luteus L.) and narrow-leafed lupin (L. angustifolius L.) to acid sandplain soils in low rainfall agricultural areas of Western Australia

2001 ◽  
Vol 52 (10) ◽  
pp. 945 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. French ◽  
R. J. French ◽  
M. W. Sweetingham ◽  
M. W. Sweetingham ◽  
G. G. Shea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Brown Spot ◽  
Lupinus Luteus ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Grain Legume ◽  
Yellow Lupin ◽  
Agricultural Areas ◽  
Extractable Al

Almost the entire lupin industry of Western Australia is based on the single species Lupinus angustifolius L. (narrow-leafed lupin), which is very well adapted to coarse-textured, mildly acid soils. However, L. angustifolius is not well suited to the strongly acid sand plain soils along the low rainfall fringe of Western Australia’s agricultural areas, and alternative grain legume species may be preferable. These soils, known locally as wodjil soils, have very low nutrient contents, often high levels of extractable Al in the subsoil, and are common in areas where severe brown spot and root rot disease is caused byPleiochaeta setosa. Yellow lupin, Lupinus luteus L., may be a better species on these soils. This paper describes a series of trials comparing the grain yields of narrow-leafed lupin and yellow lupin on a range of soils in the agricultural areas of Western Australia. These trials were sown on a range of dates and in a range of rotational backgrounds between 1995 and 1998. With current cultivars, narrow-leafed lupin clearly has higher yield potential than yellow lupin when soil-extractable [Al] at a depth of 15–25 cm (measured in a 1 :5 extract of soil in 0.01 M CaCl2) is <10 mg/kg. When extractable [Al] at this depth is greater, yellow lupin can produce greater yields than narrow-leafed lupin, depending on other environmental characteristics, especially when extractable [Al] exceeds 28 mg/kg, but its yield advantage is often small. Yellow lupin is less sensitive to delayed sowing than narrow-leafed lupin, and more tolerant of brown spot, but narrow-leafed lupin is more responsive to good seasonal conditions and less sensitive to frost. We conclude that yellow lupin has a place in Western Australian farming systems on soils with >10 mg/kg extractable [Al] where these soils are in close lupin rotations, in areas where brown spot is severe, or in low rainfall areas where narrow-leafed lupin yield potential does not often exceed 1 t/ha on these soils. However, yellow lupin has had relatively little breeding effort in Australia and its place will remain precarious until better adapted, higher yielding cultivars become available.

Grain yield and cadmium concentration of a range of grain legume species grown on two soil types at Merredin, Western Australia

2005 ◽  
Vol 45 (9) ◽  
pp. 1167 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. F. Brennan ◽  
R. J. French
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
Faba Bean ◽  
Cadmium Concentration ◽  
Grain Legumes ◽  
Field Pea ◽  
Lupinus Luteus ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Grain Legume ◽  
Red Clay ◽  
Yellow Lupin

Five grain legumes species, narrow-leafed lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.), field pea (Pisum sativum L.), faba bean (Vicia faba L.), chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.), and yellow lupin (Lupinus luteus L.), were grown on 2 soil types, a red clay and red duplex soil, in the < 400 mm rainfall district of Western Australia. The study showed that chickpea, field pea and faba bean accumulated less cadmium (Cd) in dried shoots and grain than narrow-leafed lupin. Yellow lupin had Cd concentrations ~3 times higher in dried shoots and ~9 times higher in grain than narrow-leafed lupin. For both experiments, the ranking (lowest to highest) of mean Cd concentration (mg Cd/kg) in the grain was: chickpea (0.017) < field pea (0.024) = faba bean (0.024) < narrow-leafed lupin (0.033) < yellow lupin (0.300).

scholarly journals Potential activities of Bacillus simplex as a biocontrol agent against root rot of Nigella sativa caused by Fusarium camptoceras

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Mohamed Al-Sman ◽  
Kamal Abo-Elyousr ◽  
Amal Eraky ◽  
Aida El-Zawahry
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Nigella Sativa ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Black Cumin ◽  
Root Rot Disease ◽  
Bacillus Simplex ◽  
Rot Disease ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the impact of two isolates of Bacillus simplex (PHYB1 and PHYB9) for controlling the root rot disease of black cumin (Nigella sativa) caused by Fusarium camptoceras (PHYF1) under greenhouse and field conditions at Assiut Governorate, Egypt. The highest reduction percentage of infection (22.5%) was recorded by the treatment of PHYB1 as suspension than the control (60%). Both isolates of Bacillus spp. provided the root and foliar dry weight under greenhouse and seed production in the field. The results showed that the isolate PHYB1 as a formulation gave the highest impact in the root dry weight (0.28 g/plant), followed by PHYB9 (0.22 g/plant), with insignificant difference between them. PHYB9 suspension also provided the highest seed production (27.97 g/plant), whereas PHYB9 as a formulation gave the lowest (24.08 g/plant). Studies on the interaction between Bacillus spp. on F. camptoceras by scanning electron microscope (SEM) revealed that both caused a complete mycoparasitism on the fungal growth. The bacterial growth was seen to adhere and colonize the hyphae, resulting in hyphal tissue maceration. Therefore, the use of both isolates of Bacillus spp. to control root rot disease of black cumin under greenhouse and field conditions can be recommended.

scholarly journals Prediction of yellow lupin yield (Lupinus luteus L.) for northern Poland using weather-crop model

2014 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-245
Author(s):  
Krystyna Grabowska ◽  
Leszek Kuchar ◽  
Aneta Dymerska
Keyword(s):  
Global Radiation ◽  
Quadratic Function ◽  
Crop Model ◽  
Lupinus Luteus ◽  
Change Scenario ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Yellow Lupin ◽  
Northern Poland ◽  
Radiation Maximum ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Prediction of yellow lupin yield (Lupinus luteus L.) for northern Poland using weather- -crop model. The paper presents an analysis of the impact of meteorological factors (solar radiation, maximum, minimum and mean temperature, precipitation) on the development and yield of yellow lupin Parys cultivar in the northern Poland in the years 1987-2008. Using multiple regression methods (linear and quadratic function) created regression equations that were estimated using the coefficients of determination (R2, R2 adj and R2 pred - using the Cross Validation procedure). Selected regression equation used to estimate the yield of yellow lupin, using generated - by means of model WGENK - daily values of global radiation, maximum and minimum temperature, precipitation, and climate change scenario GISS Model E for Central Europe. Examined dependencies weather-yield of lupine seeds (cultivar Parys) allowed the application of the chosen model to forecast yields from the time when the values are independent variables in the model by the end of the growing season. The comparison of distributions of actual and simulated yields shows that real yields are slightly (by 0.06 t·ha-1) higher than those generated for 2 × CO2 conditions.

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