scholarly journals Expanding Space: the Root of all Evil?

2007 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew J. Francis ◽  
Luke A. Barnes ◽  
J. Berian James ◽  
Geraint F. Lewis
Keyword(s):  
General Relativity ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Evolution Of The Universe ◽  
Universal Expansion ◽  
The Universe

AbstractWhile it remains the staple of virtually all cosmological teaching, the concept of expanding space in explaining the increasing separation of galaxies has recently come under fire as a dangerous idea whose application leads to the development of confusion and the establishment of misconceptions. In this paper we develop a notion of expanding space that is completely valid as a framework for the description of the evolution of the universe and whose application allows an intuitive understanding of the influence of universal expansion. We also demonstrate how arguments against the concept in general have failed thus far, as they imbue expanding space with physical properties not consistent with the expectations of general relativity.

scholarly journals ON POSSIBLE GEOMETRIC AND ASTROPHYSICAL EFFECTS OF NONLINEAR SPINOR FIELDS IN THE MEGAMIR, MACROWORLD AND MICROWORLD

Metaphysics ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 82-93
Author(s):  
V. G Krechet
Keyword(s):  
General Relativity ◽  
Gravitational Interaction ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Elementary Particles ◽  
Nonlinear Spinor ◽  
Evolution Of The Universe ◽  
Spinor Fields ◽  
Astrophysical Objects ◽  
Local Space ◽  
The Universe

In this article, within the framework of general relativity, the possible effect of the gravitational interaction of Dirac nonlinear spinor fields on the evolution of the Universe, on the formation of astrophysical objects and on the formation of the geometry of the local space-time of elementary particles with spin ħ / 2 is considered.

scholarly journals DARK ENERGY IN PRACTICE

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (29) ◽  
pp. 5253-5331 ◽  
Author(s):  
DOMENICO SAPONE
Keyword(s):  
General Relativity ◽  
Dark Energy ◽  
Complete List ◽  
Late Time ◽  
Evolution Of The Universe ◽  
Late Time Acceleration ◽  
Energy Models ◽  
Acceleration Of The Universe ◽  
The Universe ◽  
Alternative Theories

In this paper we review a part of the approaches that have been considered to explain the extraordinary discovery of the late time acceleration of the Universe. We discuss the arguments that have led physicists and astronomers to accept dark energy as the current preferable candidate to explain the acceleration. We highlight the problems and the attempts to overcome the difficulties related to such a component. We also consider alternative theories capable of explaining the acceleration of the Universe, such as modification of gravity. We compare the two approaches and point out the observational consequences, reaching the sad but foresightful conclusion that we will not be able to distinguish between a Universe filled by dark energy or a Universe where gravity is different from General Relativity. We review the present observations and discuss the future experiments that will help us to learn more about our Universe. This is not intended to be a complete list of all the dark energy models but this paper should be seen as a review on the phenomena responsible for the acceleration. Moreover, in a landscape of hardly compelling theories, it is an important task to build simple measurable parameters useful for future experiments that will help us to understand more about the evolution of the Universe.

Deviations of R2 cosmology from the Einstein’s General Relativity

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (36) ◽  
pp. 2044026
Author(s):  
E. V. Arbuzova
Keyword(s):  
General Relativity ◽  
Early Universe ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Particle Production ◽  
Cosmological Evolution ◽  
Evolution Of The Universe ◽  
History Of ◽  
Expansion Of The Universe ◽  
The Universe ◽  
Einstein’S General Relativity

The cosmological history of the universe in the [Formula: see text] gravity is studied starting from the “very beginning” up to the present time. The primordial inflationary expansion of the universe is considered and it is shown that the gravitational particle production by the oscillating curvature, [Formula: see text], led to a consistent transition to the Friedmann cosmology, but the cosmological evolution in the early universe strongly differed from the standard one. It is shown that the effects of gravitational production of particles had a significant influence on the evolution of the universe.

scholarly journals Review on the Pseudocomplex General Relativity and Dark Energy

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter O. Hess
Keyword(s):  
General Relativity ◽  
Dark Energy ◽  
Mass Distribution ◽  
Accretion Disc ◽  
Cosmological Models ◽  
Standard Theory ◽  
Theory Of Relativity ◽  
Emission Profile ◽  
Evolution Of The Universe ◽  
The Universe

A review will be presented on the algebraic extension of the standard Theory of Relativity (GR) to the pseudocomplex formulation (pc-GR). The pc-GR predicts the existence of a dark energy outside and inside the mass distribution, corresponding to a modification of the GR-metric. The structure of the emission profile of an accretion disc changes also inside a star. Discussed are the consequences of the dark energy for cosmological models, permitting different outcomes on the evolution of the universe.

f(T,R) theory of gravity

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (05) ◽  
pp. 1850062 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa SALTI ◽  
Murat Korunur ◽  
Irfan Acikgoz ◽  
Nurettin Pirinccioglu ◽  
Figen Binbay
Keyword(s):  
General Relativity ◽  
Neutron Stars ◽  
Arbitrary Function ◽  
Lagrangian Density ◽  
Teleparallel Gravity ◽  
Gravitational Theory ◽  
Evolution Of The Universe ◽  
Theory Of Gravity ◽  
Thermodynamical Laws ◽  
The Universe

We mainly focus on the idea that the dynamics of the whole universe may be understood by making use of torsion [Formula: see text] and curvature [Formula: see text] at the same time. The [Formula: see text]-gravity can be considered as a fundamental gravitational theory describing the evolution of the universe. The model can produce the unification of the general relativity (GR), teleparallel gravity (TPG), [Formula: see text]-gravity and [Formula: see text]-gravity theories. For this purpose, the corresponding Lagrangian density is written in terms of an arbitrary function of the torsion and curvature scalars. Furthermore, we use the absence/existence puzzle of relativistic neutron stars and thermodynamical laws as constraining tools for the new proposal.

GRAVITY CAN BE OBSERVED IN THE ABSENCE OF CURVED SPACETIME, THUS CURVED SPACETIME IS NOT RESPONCIBLE FOR GRAVITY

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1976-1981
Author(s):  
Casey McMahon
Keyword(s):  
General Relativity ◽  
Special Relativity ◽  
Relative Position ◽  
Gravitational Force ◽  
Curved Spacetime ◽  
Relative Time ◽  
Curved Space ◽  
Spacetime Curvature ◽  
Equivalence Model ◽  
The Universe

The principle postulate of general relativity appears to be that curved space or curved spacetime is gravitational, in that mass curves the spacetime around it, and that this curved spacetime acts on mass in a manner we call gravity. Here, I use the theory of special relativity to show that curved spacetime can be non-gravitational, by showing that curve-linear space or curved spacetime can be observed without exerting a gravitational force on mass to induce motion- as well as showing gravity can be observed without spacetime curvature. This is done using the principles of special relativity in accordance with Einstein to satisfy the reader, using a gravitational equivalence model. Curved spacetime may appear to affect the apparent relative position and dimensions of a mass, as well as the relative time experienced by a mass, but it does not exert gravitational force (gravity) on mass. Thus, this paper explains why there appears to be more gravity in the universe than mass to account for it, because gravity is not the resultant of the curvature of spacetime on mass, thus the “dark matter” and “dark energy” we are looking for to explain this excess gravity doesn’t exist.

WHY MASS APPEARS GRAVITATIONAL

2016 ◽  
pp. 3507-3519
Author(s):  
Mr Casey Ray McMahon
Keyword(s):  
Field Theory ◽  
General Relativity ◽  
The Universe

Einsteins theory of General relativity is a popular theory, but unfortunately it cannot account for all the observable gravity in the universe. This paper presents a new force predicted through the McMahon field theory (2010) [1], which is refered to in McMahon field theory (2010) [1] as Mahona (pronounced “Maa-naa”), which appears to be gravitational. In this paper, I draw upon the McMahon field theory (2010) [1], and use it to explain why mass appears gravitational, as well as the source of the excess gravity that General relativity cannot account for. I will do this in simplistic terms for the benefit of the reader. Thus with the understanding presented here, any vechicle utilising this new force called “Mahona” shall have gravitational capability.

Beyond the Schwarzschild Metric

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
David M. Wittman
Keyword(s):  
Black Holes ◽  
General Relativity ◽  
Gravitational Waves ◽  
Test Particle ◽  
Direct Detection ◽  
Relativistic Effects ◽  
Big Bang ◽  
Clusters Of Galaxies ◽  
General Relativistic ◽  
The Universe

General relativity explains much more than the spacetime around static spherical masses.We briefly assess general relativity in the larger context of physical theories, then explore various general relativistic effects that have no Newtonian analog. First, source massmotion gives rise to gravitomagnetic effects on test particles.These effects also depend on the velocity of the test particle, which has substantial implications for orbits around black holes to be further explored in Chapter 20. Second, any changes in the sourcemass ripple outward as gravitational waves, and we tell the century‐long story from the prediction of gravitational waves to their first direct detection in 2015. Third, the deflection of light by galaxies and clusters of galaxies allows us to map the amount and distribution of mass in the universe in astonishing detail. Finally, general relativity enables modeling the universe as a whole, and we explore the resulting Big Bang cosmology.

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