Alkaloids of the Australian Rutaceae: Melicope fareana. I. Isolation of the Constituent Alkaloids

JR Price

doi:10.1071/ch9490249

Alkaloids of the Australian Rutaceae: Melicope fareana. I. Isolation of the Constituent Alkaloids

Australian Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.1071/ch9490249 ◽

1949 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 249

Author(s):

JR Price

Keyword(s):

Rain Forest ◽

Forest Tree ◽

Methylenedioxy Group ◽

The Family

The bark of the rain-forest tree Melicope fareana F. Muell. belonging to the family Rutaceae contains the four alkaloids melicopine (C17H15O5N), melicopidine (C17H15O5N), melicopicine (C18H19O5N), and acronycidine (C15H15O5N). The first three are each present to the extent of about 1 per cent. while the acronycidine content is about 0.1 per cent. About 1 per cent. of lupeol is also present in the bark. The leaves contain melicopine, melicopidine, melicopicine, and the known furanoquinoline alkaloid skimmianine. Melicopine and melicopidine contain two methoxyl groups, a methylimino and a methylenedioxy group. Melicopicine contains four methoxyl groups and a methylimino group.

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Irradiance and Spectral Quality Affect Asian Tropical Rain Forest Tree Seedling Development

Ecology ◽

10.2307/2265631 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 77 (2) ◽

pp. 568-580 ◽

Cited By ~ 46

Author(s):

David W. Lee ◽

Krishnapillay Baskaran ◽

Marzalina Mansor ◽

Haris Mohamad ◽

Son Kheong Yap

Keyword(s):

Rain Forest ◽

Tropical Rain Forest ◽

Forest Tree ◽

Seedling Development ◽

Spectral Quality ◽

Tree Seedling

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Molecular Systematic Analysis Reveals Cryptic Tertiary Diversification of a Widespread Tropical Rain Forest Tree

The American Naturalist ◽

10.1086/379795 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 162 (6) ◽

pp. 691-703 ◽

Cited By ~ 139

Author(s):

Christopher W. Dick ◽

Kobinah Abdul‐Salim ◽

Eldredge Bermingham

Keyword(s):

Rain Forest ◽

Tropical Rain Forest ◽

Forest Tree ◽

Molecular Systematic ◽

Systematic Analysis

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EVALUATION OF GENETIC FIDELITY FOLLOWING LONG TERM CRYOPRESERVATION OF CONIFEROUS FOREST TREE SPECIES OF THE FAMILY PINACEAE

Acta Horticulturae ◽

10.17660/actahortic.2014.1039.14 ◽

2014 ◽

pp. 121-126

Author(s):

H. Häggman ◽

S. Sutela ◽

J. Edesi ◽

J. Krajňáková ◽

A. Bertolini ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tree Species ◽

Coniferous Forest ◽

Genetic Fidelity ◽

Forest Tree ◽

Forest Tree Species ◽

The Family

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PHYTOCHEMICAL PROFILING AND ANTIBACTERIAL EFFICACY SCREENING OF AGLAIA MALABARICA SASIDH

International Journal of Current Pharmaceutical Research ◽

10.22159/ijcpr.2018v10i1.24402 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 20

Author(s):

Archana Elamkulam Ravindran ◽

John Ernest Thoppil

Keyword(s):

Secondary Metabolites ◽

Inhibitory Concentration ◽

Forest Tree ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Antibacterial Efficacy ◽

Proteus Vulgaris ◽

Disc Diffusion Method ◽

Antibacterial Study ◽

The Family ◽

Phytochemical Constituents

Objective: Aglaia malabarica is an unexplored endemic forest tree belonging to the family Meliaceae. The present study was conducted to screen the phytochemical constituents of the leaf extract, to analyze the important secondary metabolites and to determine the antibacterial efficacy of the plant extract.Methods: Antibacterial activity was studied using agar based disc diffusion method. Four strains of bacteria were used for the antibacterial study that includes Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosae, Proteus vulgaris and Bacillus megaterium.Results: The presence of constituents like, carbohydrates, proteins, tannins, phenols, terpenoids, flavonoids, alkaloids and steroids were confirmed. Saponin was found to be absent. The secondary metabolites quantified were terpenoids, phenols and flavanoids, which were found in considerable amounts. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of all the bacteria studied was found to be 500 µg methanolic leaf extract.Conclusion: The plant extract was found to be highly potent against both the Gram positive and Gram negative strains and this property may be attributed to the potent phytochemicals revealed in the extract.

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Migration and Loss of Phlegmariurus (Lycopodiaceae) at Southern Slope of Mt. Slamet Central Java Indonesia

10.22541/au.160649120.03624665/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Pudji Widodo ◽

Titi Chasanah

Keyword(s):

Rain Forest ◽

Significant Loss ◽

Southern Slope ◽

The West ◽

The Past ◽

Central Java ◽

The Family ◽

Plant Sources ◽

Different Altitudes ◽

Commercial Hunting

Phlegmariurus is a genus of lycophyte plants in the family Lycopodiaceae which is sensitive to climate change. In the past, there were four species namely 1) Phlegmariurus phlegmaria, 2) P. nummulariifolius, 3) P. carinatus, and 4) P. squarrosus found as epiphytic clubmosses on many trees such as pines and Agathis on the southern slope of Mt. Slamet. During 42 years there has been a significant loss of Phlegmariurus at the slope which covers approximately 15,000 ha rain forest covering the subdistrict of Cilongok in the west, Baturraden in the middle, and Sumbang in the east. Some surveys that had been conducted from 1978 to 2020 showed that the presence frequency of the plant decreased. We correlated the temperature increase data from NOAA and precipitaion data from the local meteorology and geophysics data to the frequency of the plants. Furthermore, we also interviewed ten nurseries which sold the Phlegmariurus of approximately 60 nurseries (Figure 6). The information we gathered showed that the location of the plant sources was above the previous locations. We also observed the cultivated Phlegmariurus at different altitudes namely at 95-97 m, 300-400 m, and 600-800 m a.s.l. The result of this study showed that in the past there were a lot of Phlegmariurus spp. However, in 2020 Phlegmariurus were absent in most areas at the southern slope of Mt. Slamet. We proposed three causes of the migration and loss of Phlegmariurus at the southern part of Mt. Slamet namely: 1) The increase of temperature, the decrease of precipitation, and 3) commercial hunting.

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Pollination of the Rain-Forest Tree Syzygium Tierneyanum (Myrtaceae) at Kuranda, Northern Queensland

Australian Journal of Botany ◽

10.1071/bt9800223 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 28 (2) ◽

pp. 223 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

SD Hopper

Keyword(s):

Rain Forest ◽

Foraging Behaviour ◽

Fruit Fly ◽

Forest Tree ◽

The Self ◽

Spatial Partitioning ◽

Mass Flowering ◽

Foraging Modes ◽

Flowering Branch ◽

Floral Visitors

The identity, abundance and foraging behaviour of pollinators of the self-compatible, mass-flowering Syzygium tierneyanum were investigated. Forty-five species of nectarivorous animals were recorded. Diurnal visitors included seven bird; nine butterfly. four moth (including two hawkmoth), two bee, two ant, one wasp, three blowfly, one fruit fly, two beetle and one weevil species. while nocturnal visitors included one bat and 12 moth (including three hawkmoth) species. Floral dimensions were such that only the vertebrate and larger insect species regularly contacted anthers and stigmas while foraging. Of these groups the feral honey bee (Apis mellifera) was the most common flowet visitor. Honeyeaters and hawkmoths appeared to be the most important native pollinators; they were abundant in the study area and visited numerous flowers (50-250) in quick succession (1-3 s per flower) on each foraging bout. The only major differences in foraging times observed in the pollinator array were between diurnal, diurnal and crepuscular, and nocturnal floral visitors. Spatial partitioning of the nectar resource was limited to one instance of territoriality involving a Macleay's honeyeater (Meliphaga rnacleayana) on a densely flowering branch prior to peak blooming time, occasional aggressive chases by honeyeaters, and a division of foraging modes into rapid, erratic flights of 0.5– 4 m between flowers (hawkmoths) as against nearest-flower movements (all other groups). This lack of major spatial partitioning may have been due to the mass flowering of S. tierneyanum and the resultant superabundance of nectar. The vast majority (c. 99.95%) of interflower movements observed in foraging bouts of birds (and of hawkmoths) were within the same plant. This suggests that most seeds of S. tierneyanum may be derived from self-pollination.

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EFEITO DA EXPLORAÇÃO DE IMPACTO REDUZIDO EM ALGUMAS ESPÉCIES DE SAPOTACEAE NO LESTE DA AMAZÔNIA

FLORESTA ◽

10.5380/rf.v43i3.30808 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 43 (3) ◽

pp. 395 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Leonardo Pequeno Reis ◽

José Natalino Macedo Silva ◽

Pamella Carolline Marques Dos Reis ◽

João Olegário Pereira de Carvalho ◽

Waldenei Travassos de Queiroz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rain Forest ◽

Basal Area ◽

Tree Density ◽

The Other ◽

Permanent Sample Plots ◽

Structure And Dynamics ◽

The Family ◽

Commercial Species ◽

Three New Species ◽

Reduced Impact Logging

Avaliou-se o efeito da exploração de madeira, realizada em 1997, na estrutura e dinâmica de algumas espécies de Sapotaceae em uma Floresta Ombrófila Densa, no município de Moju, Pará (02º12’26”S e 48º48’14”W). De uma área de floresta de 1.050 ha, foram selecionados 200 hapara exploração seletiva de intensidade de 23 m3.ha-1. Nessa área, foram alocadas 22 parcelas permanentes de 0,5 ha, totalizando 11 ha amostrais, onde foram medidas todas as árvores com DAP ≥10 cm, nos anos de 1995 (antes da exploração), 1998 e 2010 (após exploração). Os parâmetros avaliados foram densidade (Da) e área basal (m2.ha-1). No período de 1995 a 2010, Sapotaceae apresentou uma redução significativa de 7,7% na densidade (p = 0,0147) e aumento na dominância em 1,4% (p = 0,7851). Nesse mesmo período, observou-se redução da densidade e dominância para Pouteria laurifolia (Gomes) Radlk. (66,7 e 50,6%), Pouteria macrocarpa (Mart.) D. Dietr. (25 e 29,4%), Micropholis acutangula (Ducke) Eyma (20 e 11%), Manilkara huberi (Ducke) A. Chev. (16,4 e 17,7%) e Manilkara paraensis (Huber) Standl. (12,5 e 31,4%). A espécie com maior valor comercial, M. huberi, não mostrou recuperação nesse parâmetro, porém houve ingresso de três novas espécies na população de Sapotaceae estudada.AbstractEffect of reduced impact logging in some sapotaceae species in the eastern amazon. Effect of logging, held in 1997, on structure and dynamics of some Sapotaceae species were evaluated in a dense tropical rain forest located in the municipality of Moju, Pará (02º 12’ 26” S e 48º 48’ 14” W). Two hundred ha out of 1,050 ha forest area were selectively logged for timber (23 m3ha-1 logging intensity) in 1997.Twenty-two 0.5 ha permanent sample plots (11 ha sample) were established and all trees with dbh ≥ 10 cm were identified and measured for dbh in 1995 (before logging), 1998 and 2010 (after logging). Parameters evaluated were Density (De) and Basal area (G-m2 ha-1). Sapotaceae presented a significant reduction of 7.7% on tree density (p=0.0147), and an dominance increase of 1.4% (p=0.7851). In the same period, decreases in density and basal area were observed to Pouteria laurifolia (Gomes) Radlk. (66.7 and 50.6%), Pouteria macrocarpa (Mart.) D. Dietr. (25 and 29.4%), Micropholis acutangula (Ducke) Eyma (20 and 11%), Manilkara huberi (Ducke) A. Chev. (16.4 and 17.7%) and Manilkara paraensis (Huber) Standl. (12.5 and 31.4%). The main commercial species M. Huberi did not recover its original density. On the other hand, three new species of the family were recorded in the focused period.Keywords: Forest management; Pouteria; Manilkara; Amazonian Forest.

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