scholarly journals PHYTOCHEMICAL PROFILING AND ANTIBACTERIAL EFFICACY SCREENING OF AGLAIA MALABARICA SASIDH

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Archana Elamkulam Ravindran ◽  
John Ernest Thoppil
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Forest Tree ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Antibacterial Efficacy ◽  
Proteus Vulgaris ◽  
Disc Diffusion Method ◽  
Antibacterial Study ◽  
The Family ◽  
Phytochemical Constituents

Objective: Aglaia malabarica is an unexplored endemic forest tree belonging to the family Meliaceae. The present study was conducted to screen the phytochemical constituents of the leaf extract, to analyze the important secondary metabolites and to determine the antibacterial efficacy of the plant extract.Methods: Antibacterial activity was studied using agar based disc diffusion method. Four strains of bacteria were used for the antibacterial study that includes Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosae, Proteus vulgaris and Bacillus megaterium.Results: The presence of constituents like, carbohydrates, proteins, tannins, phenols, terpenoids, flavonoids, alkaloids and steroids were confirmed. Saponin was found to be absent. The secondary metabolites quantified were terpenoids, phenols and flavanoids, which were found in considerable amounts. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of all the bacteria studied was found to be 500 µg methanolic leaf extract.Conclusion: The plant extract was found to be highly potent against both the Gram positive and Gram negative strains and this property may be attributed to the potent phytochemicals revealed in the extract.

scholarly journals Curcumin as Efflux Pump Inhibitor Agent for Enhancement Treatment Against Multidrug Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolates

2020 ◽  
pp. 59-67
Author(s):  
Sulaiman D. Sulaiman ◽  
Ghusoon A. Abdulhasan
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Efflux Pump ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disc Diffusion Method ◽  
Efflux Pump Inhibitor ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Chromogenic Agar ◽  
Susceptibility Patterns

  Pseudomonas aeruginosa is considered as a developing opportunistic nosocomial pathogen and is well-known for its multidrug resistance that can be efficiently treated by a combination of antibiotics andefflux pump inhibitors (EPI). Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of curcumin as an EPI for the enhancement of the effectiveness of antibiotics against multidrug resistant (MDR) isolates ofP. aeruginosa. Susceptibility patterns of suspected bacteria was determined using the disc diffusion method andresistant bacteria were identified using chromogenic agar and 16S rDNA. The effectsof curcuminon the enhancement of antibiotics’s activity was evaluated usingthe broth microdilution method.The susceptibility patterns for 50 (67.6%) suspectedP. aeruginosaisolates showed that 36 (72%) of these isolateswere resistant to one of the used antibiotics,whereasonly 21 (42%) were MDR. The highest percentage of resistance was observedtoceftazidime (66%) followed by ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin (40%). Only 35 isolates were specified by chromogenic agar and 16S rDNAas P. aeruginosa.The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 35 isolates for ciprofloxacin resistant was between 4 and128 µg/ml while for ceftazidime was between 64and 512 µg/ml. After the addition of 50 μg/ml curcumin with ciprofloxacin, there wasa significant increase in the sensitivity (p≤ 0.01) of 13 MDR P.aeroginosa isolates whereas no differences in the sensitivity to ceftazidime were recorded before and after addition ofcurcumin. In conclusion, the results of this study show that curcumin can decrease the MIC value of ciprofloxacin in MDR isolates of P. aeruginosaand can be used as a native compound to enhance the treatment of resistant isolates with ciprofloxacin.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity of Piperine Analogues Containing 1,2,4-Triazole Ring

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 1077-1080
Author(s):  
Kottakki Naveen Kumar ◽  
Karteek Rao Amperayani ◽  
V. Ravi Sankar Ummdi ◽  
Uma Devi Parimi
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Triazole Ring ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Moderate Activity ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Disc Diffusion Method ◽  
Antibacterial Study ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Micro Organisms

A series 1,2,4-triazole piperine analogues (TP1-TP6) were designed and synthesized. The structures were confirmed using 1H NMR and 13C NMR. Antibacterial study was done using Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus) and Gram-negative micro-organisms (E. coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) by disc diffusion method. Compound containing chloro substitution (TP6) showed the highest effect, while compound TP1, TP3, TP4, TP5 showed the moderate activity.

scholarly journals Screening of the antimicrobial activity of marine sponge extracts from Martinique

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Piron ◽  
Jessica Pastour ◽  
Niklas Tysklind ◽  
Juliette Smith-Ravin ◽  
Fabienne Priam
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Minimum Bactericidal Concentration ◽  
Marine Sponges ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Disc Diffusion Method ◽  
Staphylococcus Saprophyticus

AbstractMarine sponges are known for their antimicrobial, antifungal, and cytotoxic activity. In this study, the activity of aqueous and ethanoic extracts of 3 sponges from Martinique were tested on 5 bacterial strains: Bascillus cereus (CIP 783), Echerichia coli (CIP 54127), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CIP A22), Staphylococcus aureus (CIP 67.8) and Staphylococcus saprophyticus (CIP 76125). The antimicrobial activity of Agelas clathrodes, Desmapsamma anchorata, and Verongula rigida, was demonstrated using the disc diffusion method and by determining the minimum inhibitory concentration and the minimum bactericidal concentration. The ethanoic extract of Agelas clathrodes had an inhibitory activity specifically on Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus saprophyticus. No activity was observed for the other extracts. Further chemical analyses will be carried out in order to identify the active molecules of these sponges.

scholarly journals Determination of antibiotic resistance and minimum inhibitory concentration of meropenem and imipenem growth in Klebsiella strains isolated from urinary tract infection in Shahrekord educational hospitals

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-85
Author(s):  
Farshad Kakian ◽  
Behnam Zamzad ◽  
Abolfazl Gholipour ◽  
Kiarash Zamanzad
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Disc Diffusion Method ◽  
Accurate Identification ◽  
Tract Infections

Background and aims: Klebsiella is an opportunistic organism that is the cause of severe diseases such as pneumonia, septicemia, and urinary tract infections (UTIs). In addition, high antibiotic resistance has challenged the treatment of this bacterium. However, carbapenem antibiotics are considered as the therapeutic agents for selecting the treatment of penicillin- and cephalosporin-resistant gram-negative bacterial infections. The present study aimed to determine the resistance and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of meropenem and imipenem. Methods: A total of 80 Klebsiella spp isolated from UTIs were collected in various educational wards (i.e., urology, obstetrics, and gynecology, as well as the units of infectious diseases, internal medicine, and intensive care) in different hospitals of Shahrekord. The isolates were then identified by using biochemical tests. Further, disc diffusion method was employed to determine the antibiotic resistance. Furthermore, MIC was estimated by the Epsilon-test strip. Moreover, P=Q=0.50, an error of 0.05, and an accuracy of 0.11 were considered for determining the sample size (n=80). Results: Based on the results of disc diffusion method, 24 strains were resistant to meropenem and imipenem. Additionally, the MIC was 24 (30%) by the E-test. In addition, 24 isolates had a MIC of ≥4 μg/mL for meropenem and imipenem and thus were resistant while 18 isolates were found to have a MIC of 1≤ MIC<4 μg/mL and therefore, were considered semi-sensitive (P<0.001). Conclusion: In general, Klebsiella strains were found to be resistant to meropenem and imipenem. Therefore, rapid and accurate identification of these strains and the selection of appropriate antibiotics can help quickly eradicate the infections caused by these bacteria. Accordingly, a waste of time, the consumption of medication, or even an increased resistance are prevented.

scholarly journals Assessment of Phytochemical Constituents and Antimicrobial Activity of Lantana Camara L.

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 977-984
Author(s):  
Ajay Kumar ◽  
Shikha Singh ◽  
Pragati Saini
Keyword(s):  
Spectroscopic Analysis ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Lantana Camara ◽  
Proteus Vulgaris ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Phytochemical Compounds ◽  
Phytochemical Constituents ◽  
Microsporum Fulvum ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi

ABSTRACT: In present study the phytochemical constituents such as total phenol, total flavonoid contents and antibacterial activity against four gram negative and two gram positive isolates Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter aerogens, Proteus vulgaris, Lactobacillus, S. aureus, Bacillus subtilis and antifungal activity against four fungal strains Penicillium, Aspergillus niger, T. mentagrophytes, Microsporum fulvum of petroleum ether, diethyl ether, chloroform and acetone extract of leaves and flowers of Lantana camara L were evaluated. Maximum zone of inhibition was recorded in the presence of free flavanoid fraction of the plant extract against Trichophyton mentagophytes and Microsporum fulvum which was the most susceptible fungus for all the extracts tested. The extract also compared favourably with streptomycin which serves as a positive control. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was recorded for all bacteria and fungi in which highest MIC was of B. subtilis and M. fulvum. The UV-Vis and FTIR spectroscopic analysis also revealed the presence of different active groups and bonds. L. camara contains phytochemical compounds with antibacterial & antifungal activities. Moreover, the chloroform & acetone leaf & flower extracts of L. camara are active against pathogenic microorganisms.

scholarly journals VARIATIONS IN PHYTOCONSTITUENTS AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITIES IN ECOTYPES OF OXALIS CORNICULATA L. AND OXALIS DEBILIS KUNTH

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 270
Author(s):  
Eleena Panda ◽  
Chinmay Pradhan ◽  
Anath Bandhu Das
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Disc Diffusion Method ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
The Family ◽  
Zones Of Inhibition ◽  
New Compounds ◽  
First Time ◽  
Better Than

<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The present study aims at the comparative analysis of phytoconstituents and antimicrobial activities of four ecotypes of Odisha, India, each of <em>Oxalis corniculata </em>L. (OC-Eco-1, OC-Eco-2, OC-Eco-3, OC-Eco-4) and <em>Oxalis debilis</em> Kunth. (OD-Eco-1, OD-Eco-2, OD-Eco-3, OD-Eco-4) of the family Oxalidaceae.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The ecotypes were collected from four districts (Balasore, Bhadrak, Jajpur, Khurda) of Odisha, India. The qualitative phytochemical screening was done to test glycosides, saponins, tannins and terpenoids. Further analysis of phytochemicals was also screened through TLC and HPTLC. Antimicrobial potentiality of leaf extract of various ecotypes was studied against <em>Bacillus subtilis</em>, <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> and <em>Streptococcus epidermis</em> by disc diffusion method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Tannin and terpenoids estimation revealed that significantly high amount of phytoconstituents were present in OD-Eco-3 of <em>O. debilis</em>. The methanolic leaf extracts of each ecotype were screened for qualitative analysis of phytochemical through TLC and HPTLC that showed maximum 16 compounds in <em>O. debilis </em>(OD-Eco-3)<em> </em>a new report, as compared to <em>O. corniculata. </em>All the four ecotypes of <em>O. debilis</em><em> </em>showed some new HPTLC bands (Rf 0.96, 0.90, 0.90, 0.81) as compared to <em>O. corniculata </em>that occupied 7.70%, 22.38%, 23.79% and 34.42% of peak area respectively. Cluster analysis on the basis of HPTLC banding pattern showed a close affinity among ecotypes of each species. Crude extracts showed antibacterial activity against <em>B. subtilis</em>, <em>P. aeruginosa</em> and <em>S. epidermis</em>. Leaf extracts of ecotypes of <em>O. corniculata</em> showed zones of inhibition and MIC better than that of <em>O. debilis </em>against <em>S. epidermis</em>.<strong></strong></p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings significantly reported some new compounds for the first time in <em>O. debilis. </em>The study also indicated a promising potential of antimicrobial activity of <em>O. debilis</em> which was the first report.</p>

scholarly journals Manumycin-type Derivatives from a Streptomyces sp. Associated with Meson Bee Osmia cornifrons

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1801300
Author(s):  
Zhe Wang ◽  
Ai-Hong Peng ◽  
Dan-Dan Lu ◽  
Ya-Jie Song ◽  
Cheng-Lei Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
2D Nmr ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Minimal Bactericidal Concentration ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Disc Diffusion Method ◽  
Streptomyces Sp ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal Activities ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal ◽  
Mic Minimum Inhibitory Concentration

Two new manumycin-type derivatives named as cornifronin A and cornifronin B, and one known analogue antibiotic SW-B were isolated from the liquid fermentation of Streptomyces sp. OC1401 obtained from body surface of a meson bee Osmia cornifrons. The structures of all isolates were identified by spectroscopic methods (HRESIMS, IR, 1D and 2D NMR) and comparison with literature data. The antibacterial and antifungal activities of these manumycin-type derivatives were evaluated by disc diffusion method and more accurate data on the antibacterial activity were obtained through the MIC (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration) and MBC (Minimal bactericidal concentration) values.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Properties of 6-Bromoeugenol and Eugenol

2016 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 57-64
Author(s):  
Radia Mahboub ◽  
Faiza Memmou
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Disc Diffusion Method ◽  
Modest Activity

We have studied the antimicrobial properties of 6-bromoeugenol and eugenol by three strains:Pseudomonas aeruginosa(S1),Escherichia coli(S2) andStaphylococcus aureus(S3). We have determined the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for a range of concentrations using the disc diffusion method. We note that all samples present an antimicrobial activity toward the tested bacterial strains at different concentrations (1, 0.5 and 0.25 mg/ml). The 6-bromoeugenol gives modest activity with (S1) and (S3). Eugenol reacts positively with thePseudomonas aeruginosa(S1) at all concentrations and with theEscherichiacoli(S2) at 0.5 mg/ml. We remark that thePseudomonas aeruginosa(S1) is the more sensitive strain thanEscherichiacoli(S2) andStaphylococcus aureus(S3). We have estimated the activity coefficient which has confirmed the antimicrobial activity of the different samples. So, 6-bromoeugenol has shown his efficiency as antimicrobial agent.

scholarly journals ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF MIXTURE FROM DIFFERENT PLANT EXTRACTS IN GEL, CREAM AND BODY MILK FORMULATION, AGAINST DIFFERENT MICROORGANISMS

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dzoko Kungulovski ◽  
Natalija Atanasova-Pancevska
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Minimal Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Disc Diffusion Method ◽  
Inhibition Zones ◽  
Standard Disc

In this study the antimicrobial activity of a mixture of plant extracts originating from five different plants and suspended in three different forms of gel, cream and lotion was examined with the purpose of discovering new anti-microbial compounds. The antimicrobial activity was investigated through the standard disc diffusion method, as well as through a variation of the microdillution method. The formulations under examination (gel, cream and lotion) showed a broad spectrum of action against all the selected microorganisms, with inhibition zones of 9–46 mm. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) for all the formulations against the microorganisms in the study was in the range of 0.000761μg ml-1 to 0.125μg ml-1. The results of this study have clearly demonstrated that the mixture of plant extracts originating from five different plants and suspended in the forms of gel, cream and lotion can definitely be used in the battle against the microorganisms under investigation.

The Antimicrobial Acitvity and Quantitative Structure - Biological Activity Relationships Evaluation of Some Novel 2-Hydroxybenzamide Derivatives

2008 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioana M. C. Ienascu ◽  
Alfa Xenia Lupea ◽  
Dan Hadaruga ◽  
Nicoleta Hadaruga ◽  
Iuliana M. Popescu
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Good Activity ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Quantitative Structure ◽  
Disc Diffusion Method ◽  
Sacharomyces Cerevisiae

Based on our studies of the biological activity of 2-hydroxybenzamide derivatives, we evaluated the antimicrobial activity of some novel compounds from this class (esters, hydrazides, hydrazones), against bacterial (Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus) and fungical (Sacharomyces cerevisiae, Candida albicans) strains using the disc-diffusion method under standard conditions. It was found that all tested compounds present a good activity against the tested microorganisms and they were more active against Candida albicans. The established minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values were ranged between 10-2- 3.6�10-4 mol/L and were used to obtain some quantitative structure-biological activity relationships using HyperChem 5.01 program for molecular modelling and conformational analysis. The established equations using different parameters present correlation coefficients statistically ensured.

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