scholarly journals Soils and climate change: potential impacts on carbon stocks and greenhouse gas emissions, and future research for Australian agriculture

2012 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 269 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Baldock ◽  
I. Wheeler ◽  
N. McKenzie ◽  
A. McBrateny
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Biological Cycling

Organic carbon and nitrogen found in soils are subject to a range of biological processes capable of generating or consuming greenhouse gases (CO2, N2O and CH4). In response to the strong impact that agricultural management can have on the amount of organic carbon and nitrogen stored in soil and their rates of biological cycling, soils have the potential to reduce or enhance concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Concern also exists over the potential positive feedback that a changing climate may have on rates of greenhouse gas emission from soil. Climate projections for most of the agricultural regions of Australia suggest a warmer and drier future with greater extremes relative to current climate. Since emissions of greenhouse gases from soil derive from biological processes that are sensitive to soil temperature and water content, climate change may impact significantly on future emissions. In this paper, the potential effects of climate change and options for adaptation and mitigations will be considered, followed by an assessment of future research requirements. The paper concludes by suggesting that the diversity of climate, soil types, and agricultural practices in place across Australia will make it difficult to define generic scenarios for greenhouse gas emissions. Development of a robust modelling capability will be required to construct regional and national emission assessments and to define the potential outcomes of on-farm management decisions and policy decisions. This model development will require comprehensive field datasets to calibrate the models and validate model outputs. Additionally, improved spatial layers of model input variables collected on a regular basis will be required to optimise accounting at regional to national scales.

Introduction

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Eelco J. Rohling
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Paris Agreement ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Is Implementation

This chapter outlines the challenge facing us. The Paris Agreement sets a target maximum of 2°C global warming and a preferred limit of 1.5°C. Yet, the subsequent combined national pledges for emission reduction suffice only for limiting warming to roughly 3°C. And because most nations are falling considerably short of meeting their pledges, even greater warming may become locked in. Something more drastic and wide-ranging is needed: a multi-pronged strategy. These different prongs to the climate-change solution are introduced in this chapter and explored one by one in the following chapters. First is rapid, massive reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. Second is implementation of ways to remove greenhouse gases from the atmosphere. Third may be increasing the reflectivity of Earth to incoming sunlight, to cool certain places down more rapidly. In addition, we need to protect ourselves from climate-change impacts that have already become inevitable.

scholarly journals Environment, Climate Change and the Green Economy

2021 ◽  
pp. 9-20
Author(s):  
Jason Samuel Ogola
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Limpopo Province ◽  
Green Economy ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

AbstractTo identify and evaluate possible impacts of climate change on transportation in Limpopo province, it is necessary to define the scale and scope of the transportation system in the province and determine its sensitivities to climate change. This chapter, therefore locates the environment, climate change and the green economy matters in context. The science of climate change is explored, while the main sources of greenhouse gases are discussed. Additionally, the impacts of climate change in South Africa is outlined. Strategies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) in the transport sector are provided.

scholarly journals Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sustainability in Lagos Metropolis, Nigeria

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kofo A Aderogba
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Aviation Industry ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
The Government

Abstract The enhancement of the greenhouse effect in driving increases in temperature and many other changes associated with climate have become great concern to research. The objective of this paper is to estimate the amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere in Lagos Metropolis. Literatures on road and air travels were read; and also journal articles on pollution and greenhouse gases, global warming and climate change. Newspaper cuttings, magazines, and electronic media sources of data and information were used. Trends in the growth and development of railway locomotives, marine activities, vehicular movements and air travels in the metropolis were studied and correlated with the estimated greenhouse gases emitted. There is positive correlation. Vehicular movements and air travels have increased by over 50% in the last twenty years. Greenhouse gases are increasing by the day. There must be deliberate checks on gas emission from automobiles, plants and machineries and in the aviation industry.  The world is not at rest to arrest the effects of climate change and global warming.  Nigeria and Nigerians and particularly Lagosian, the government and research institutions should be parts of the efforts.   Key words: Greenhouse Gas, Emissions, Predicaments, Economic Value, Lagos Metropolis.

scholarly journals What are the impacts of within-field farmland management practices on the flux of greenhouse gases from arable cropland in temperate regions? A systematic map protocol

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra M. Collins ◽  
Neal R. Haddaway ◽  
Biljana Macura ◽  
James Thomas ◽  
Nicola Randall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Humus Content ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Systematic Map ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Reducing greenhouse gas emissions is a vital step in limiting climate change and meeting the goals outlined in the COP 21 Paris Agreement of 2015. Studies have suggested that agriculture accounts for around 11% of total greenhouse gas emissions and the industry has a significant role in meeting international and national climate change reduction objectives. However, there is currently little consensus on the mechanisms that regulate the production and assimilation of greenhouse gases in arable land and the practical factors that affect the process. Practical advice for farmers is often overly general, and models based on the amount of nitrogen fertiliser applied, for example, are used despite a lack of knowledge of how local conditions affect the process, such as the importance of humus content and soil types. Here, we propose a systematic map of the evidence relating to the impact on greenhouse gas flux from the agricultural management of arable land in temperate regions. Methods Using established methods for systematic mapping in environmental sciences we will search for, collate and catalogue research studies relating to the impacts of farming in temperate systems on greenhouse gas emissions. We will search 6 bibliographic databases using a tested search string, and will hand search a web-based search engine and a list of organisational web sites. Furthermore, evidence will be sought from key stakeholders. Search results will then be screened for relevance at title, abstract and full text levels according to a predefined set of eligibility criteria. Consistency checking will be employed to ensure the criteria are being applied accurately and consistently. Relevant studies will then be subjected to coding and meta-data extraction, which will be used to populate a systematic map database describing each relevant study’s settings, methods and measured outcomes. The mapping process will help to identify knowledge gaps (subjects lacking in evidence warranting further primary research) and knowledge clusters (subjects with sufficient studies to allow a useful full systematic review), and will highlight best and suboptimal research methods.

scholarly journals The Role of Information and Communication Industry (ICT) in the Reduction of Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Canada

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 307-315
Author(s):  
Bentolhoda Abdollahbeigi ◽  
◽  
Farhang Salehi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Communication Industry ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
The Impact

According to the concerted efforts to reduce global greenhouse gas emissions (GHGE), the Information and Communication Industry (ICT) has received little attention as a significant contributor to GHG. ICT has a very significant role to play in reducing greenhouse gas emissions in Canada. While climate challenges increase, there is a growing need to reduce Greenhouse gas emissions. The ICT sector has an important role in enabling significant reductions in those emissions and costs. This current study aims to examine the effects of GHGE on climate change in Canada with a focus on the ICT sector. This paper will provide a review of ICT definitions and Greenhouse gases and how GHGE can be reduced. This paper presents an approach to investigating the impact of information and communication technologies (ICTs) on Greenhouse gases emission and its effect on climate change in Canada.

Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Household Waste in Denpasar City

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1750
Author(s):  
Made ARMADI ◽  
Wayan SUARNA ◽  
Made SUDARMA ◽  
Made Sudiana MAHENDRA ◽  
Nyoman SUDIPA
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Consumption Patterns ◽  
Household Waste ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Waste Sector

The increasing population growth and changing consumption patterns of the people have resulted in an increase in the volume, type and characteristics of waste. The rate of waste production continues to increase, not only in line with the rate of population growth but also in line with the increasing consumption patterns of society and the level of people's income. The solid waste sector is one of the sources of greenhouse gas emissions that is important to address because the decomposition of waste is a significant source of CH4 whose addition to the atmosphere contributes to climate change, so regional and national mitigation actions in the waste sector are very important. the increase in greenhouse gases caused by human activities in producing greenhouse gases is greater than the ability of the environment to repair itself. The greenhouse gas produced exceeds the ability of the environment to recycle so that greenhouse gases accumulate in the atmosphere. The increase in emissions of CO2, CH4 and N2O gases in the atmosphere causes various problems, including changes in the nature of the climate which have an impact on climate change. The problem of garbage in Denpasar City cannot be separated from various factors because Denpasar City is the capital of Bali Province, the center of education, the center of the economy and is one of the tourist destinations with a cultural perspective, resulting in a high population growth rate which has an impact on the volume of waste, one of which is household waste. Community behavior in managing household waste plays a role in causing greenhouse gas emissions, such as the act of burning garbage and littering. Efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in the City of Denpasar are carried out through composting, reuse, reduce and recicle activities both at the community level and in landfills. Achievement of reducing greenhouse gas emissions based on mitigation actions in the domestic solid waste sub-sector in Denpasar City for the period 2010 to 2019 was 17.2 Gg CO2e with weighting of reducing greenhouse gas emissions from composting by 15.1 Gg CO2e and the rest from 3R activities of 2.1 Gg CO2e.

Ecological specificities of the interaction between animal breeding and climate changes, caused by greenhouse gas emissions

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 62-72
Author(s):  
O. Zhukorsky ◽  
O. Nykyforuk ◽  
N. Boltyk
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Animal Breeding ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Emissions Inventory ◽  
Theoretical Substantiation ◽  
Global Problems

Aim. Proper development of animal breeding in the conditions of current global problems and the decrease of anthropogenic burden on environment due to greenhouse gas emissions, caused by animal breeding activity, require the study of interaction processes between animal breeding and external climatic conditions. Methods. The theoretical substantiation of the problem was performed based on scientifi c literature, statistical informa- tion of the UN Food and Agriculture Organization and the data of the National greenhouse gas emissions inventory in Ukraine. Theoretically possible emissions of greenhouse gases into atmosphere due to animal breeding in Ukraine and specifi c farms are calculated by the international methods using the statistical infor- mation about animal breeding in Ukraine and the economic-technological information of the activity of the investigated farms. Results. The interaction between the animal breeding production and weather-and-climate conditions of environment was analyzed. Possible vectors of activity for the industry, which promote global warming and negative processes, related to it, were determined. The main factors, affecting the formation of greenhouse gases from the activity of enterprises, aimed at animal breeding production, were characterized. Literature data, statistical data and calculations were used to analyze the role of animal breeding in the green- house gas emissions in global and national framework as well as at the level of specifi c farms with the consid- eration of individual specifi cities of these farms. Conclusions. Current global problems require clear balance between constant development of sustainable animal breeding and the decrease of the carbon footprint due to the activity of animal breeding.

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