scholarly journals What are the impacts of within-field farmland management practices on the flux of greenhouse gases from arable cropland in temperate regions? A systematic map protocol

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra M. Collins ◽  
Neal R. Haddaway ◽  
Biljana Macura ◽  
James Thomas ◽  
Nicola Randall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Humus Content ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Systematic Map ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Reducing greenhouse gas emissions is a vital step in limiting climate change and meeting the goals outlined in the COP 21 Paris Agreement of 2015. Studies have suggested that agriculture accounts for around 11% of total greenhouse gas emissions and the industry has a significant role in meeting international and national climate change reduction objectives. However, there is currently little consensus on the mechanisms that regulate the production and assimilation of greenhouse gases in arable land and the practical factors that affect the process. Practical advice for farmers is often overly general, and models based on the amount of nitrogen fertiliser applied, for example, are used despite a lack of knowledge of how local conditions affect the process, such as the importance of humus content and soil types. Here, we propose a systematic map of the evidence relating to the impact on greenhouse gas flux from the agricultural management of arable land in temperate regions. Methods Using established methods for systematic mapping in environmental sciences we will search for, collate and catalogue research studies relating to the impacts of farming in temperate systems on greenhouse gas emissions. We will search 6 bibliographic databases using a tested search string, and will hand search a web-based search engine and a list of organisational web sites. Furthermore, evidence will be sought from key stakeholders. Search results will then be screened for relevance at title, abstract and full text levels according to a predefined set of eligibility criteria. Consistency checking will be employed to ensure the criteria are being applied accurately and consistently. Relevant studies will then be subjected to coding and meta-data extraction, which will be used to populate a systematic map database describing each relevant study’s settings, methods and measured outcomes. The mapping process will help to identify knowledge gaps (subjects lacking in evidence warranting further primary research) and knowledge clusters (subjects with sufficient studies to allow a useful full systematic review), and will highlight best and suboptimal research methods.

scholarly journals The Role of Information and Communication Industry (ICT) in the Reduction of Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Canada

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 307-315
Author(s):  
Bentolhoda Abdollahbeigi ◽  
◽  
Farhang Salehi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Communication Industry ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
The Impact

According to the concerted efforts to reduce global greenhouse gas emissions (GHGE), the Information and Communication Industry (ICT) has received little attention as a significant contributor to GHG. ICT has a very significant role to play in reducing greenhouse gas emissions in Canada. While climate challenges increase, there is a growing need to reduce Greenhouse gas emissions. The ICT sector has an important role in enabling significant reductions in those emissions and costs. This current study aims to examine the effects of GHGE on climate change in Canada with a focus on the ICT sector. This paper will provide a review of ICT definitions and Greenhouse gases and how GHGE can be reduced. This paper presents an approach to investigating the impact of information and communication technologies (ICTs) on Greenhouse gases emission and its effect on climate change in Canada.

scholarly journals Perceptions of Food Retailers Regarding Climate Change and Greenhouse Gas Emissions

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 26-35
Author(s):  
Ayanda Pamella Deliwe ◽  
Shelley Beryl Beck ◽  
Elroy Eugene Smith
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emission ◽  
Harmful Effect ◽  
Retail Sector ◽  
Food Retail ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Food Retailers ◽  
The Impact

Objective – This paper sets out to assess perceptions of food retailers regarding climate change, greenhouse gas emission and sustainability in the Nelson Mandela Bay region of South Africa. The primary objective of this study is to investigate the food retailers’ greenhouse gas emissions strategies. Climate change catastrophic potential and the harmful effect that it has had on the community and businesses has led to it being given attention from social media and in literature. Methodology/Technique – This paper covered a literature review that provided the theoretical framework. The empirical study that was carried out included self-administered questionnaires which were distributed to 120 food retailers who were selected from the population using convenience sampling. Findings - The results revealed that most of the respondents were neutral towards the impact of operational factors regarding GHG emission in the food retail sector. Novelty - There is limited research that has been conducted among food retailers from the designated population. The study provided guidelines that will be of assistance to food retailers when dealing with climate change and greenhouse gas emissions impact in the food retail sector. Type of Paper: Empirical. JEL Classification: L66, Q54, Q59. Keywords: Climate Change; Food Retailers; Greenhouse Gas Emissions; Perceptions; Strategies; Sustainability Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Deliwe, A.P; Beck, S.B; Smith, E.E. (2021). Perceptions of Food Retailers Regarding Climate Change and Greenhouse Gas Emissions, Journal of Business and Economics Review, 5(4) 26–35. https://doi.org/10.35609/jber.2021.5.4(3)

Introduction

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Eelco J. Rohling
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Paris Agreement ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Is Implementation

This chapter outlines the challenge facing us. The Paris Agreement sets a target maximum of 2°C global warming and a preferred limit of 1.5°C. Yet, the subsequent combined national pledges for emission reduction suffice only for limiting warming to roughly 3°C. And because most nations are falling considerably short of meeting their pledges, even greater warming may become locked in. Something more drastic and wide-ranging is needed: a multi-pronged strategy. These different prongs to the climate-change solution are introduced in this chapter and explored one by one in the following chapters. First is rapid, massive reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. Second is implementation of ways to remove greenhouse gases from the atmosphere. Third may be increasing the reflectivity of Earth to incoming sunlight, to cool certain places down more rapidly. In addition, we need to protect ourselves from climate-change impacts that have already become inevitable.

scholarly journals Soils and climate change: potential impacts on carbon stocks and greenhouse gas emissions, and future research for Australian agriculture

2012 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 269 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Baldock ◽  
I. Wheeler ◽  
N. McKenzie ◽  
A. McBrateny
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Biological Cycling

Organic carbon and nitrogen found in soils are subject to a range of biological processes capable of generating or consuming greenhouse gases (CO2, N2O and CH4). In response to the strong impact that agricultural management can have on the amount of organic carbon and nitrogen stored in soil and their rates of biological cycling, soils have the potential to reduce or enhance concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Concern also exists over the potential positive feedback that a changing climate may have on rates of greenhouse gas emission from soil. Climate projections for most of the agricultural regions of Australia suggest a warmer and drier future with greater extremes relative to current climate. Since emissions of greenhouse gases from soil derive from biological processes that are sensitive to soil temperature and water content, climate change may impact significantly on future emissions. In this paper, the potential effects of climate change and options for adaptation and mitigations will be considered, followed by an assessment of future research requirements. The paper concludes by suggesting that the diversity of climate, soil types, and agricultural practices in place across Australia will make it difficult to define generic scenarios for greenhouse gas emissions. Development of a robust modelling capability will be required to construct regional and national emission assessments and to define the potential outcomes of on-farm management decisions and policy decisions. This model development will require comprehensive field datasets to calibrate the models and validate model outputs. Additionally, improved spatial layers of model input variables collected on a regular basis will be required to optimise accounting at regional to national scales.

scholarly journals The impact of heat on kidney stone presentations in South Carolina under two climate change scenarios

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason Kaufman ◽  
Ana M. Vicedo-Cabrera ◽  
Vicky Tam ◽  
Lihai Song ◽  
Ethan Coffel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
South Carolina ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Kidney Stone ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Change Models ◽  
Rcp 8.5 ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe risk of kidney stone presentations increases after hot days, likely due to greater insensible water losses resulting in more concentrated urine and altered urinary flow. It is thus expected that higher temperatures from climate change will increase the global prevalence of kidney stones if no adaptation measures are put in place. This study aims to quantify the impact of heat on kidney stone presentations through 2089, using South Carolina as a model state. We used a time series analysis of historical kidney stone presentations (1997–2014) and distributed lag non-linear models to estimate the temperature dependence of kidney stone presentations, and then quantified the projected impact of climate change on future heat-related kidney stone presentations using daily projections of wet-bulb temperatures to 2089, assuming no adaptation or demographic changes. Two climate change models were considered—one assuming aggressive reduction in greenhouse gas emissions (RCP 4.5) and one representing uninibited greenhouse gas emissions (RCP 8.5). The estimated total statewide kidney stone presentations attributable to heat are projected to increase by 2.2% in RCP 4.5 and 3.9% in RCP 8.5 by 2085–89 (vs. 2010–2014), with an associated total excess cost of ~ $57 million and ~ $99 million, respectively.

scholarly journals Simulating the effect of tillage practices with the global ecosystem model LPJmL (version 5.0-tillage)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Femke Lutz ◽  
Tobias Herzfeld ◽  
Jens Heinke ◽  
Susanne Rolinski ◽  
Sibyll Schaphoff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Ecosystem Model ◽  
Environmental Indicators ◽  
Regional Patterns ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
No Till ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. The effects of tillage on soil properties (e.g. soil carbon and nitrogen), crop productivity, and global greenhouse gas emissions have been discussed in the last decades. Global ecosystem models are limited in simulating tillage. Hence, they do not allow for analyzing the effects of tillage and cannot evaluate, for example, reduced-tillage or no-till as mitigation practices for climate change. In this paper, we describe the implementation of tillage related practices in the global ecosystem model LPJmL. The model is subsequently evaluated against reported differences between tillage and no-till management on several soil properties. To this end, simulation results are compared with published meta-analysis on tillage effects. In general, the model is able to reproduce observed tillage effects on global, as well as regional patterns of carbon and water fluxes. However, modeled N-fluxes deviate from the literature and need further study. The addition of the tillage module to LPJmL 5.0 opens opportunities to assess the impact of agricultural soil management practices under different scenarios with implications for agricultural productivity, carbon sequestration, greenhouse gas emissions and other environmental indicators.

Inventory of greenhouse gas emissions and removals in Kaluga region

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ju. M. Zhukova ◽  
M.Yu. Zavarzina ◽  
T.M. Prokhorova
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Global Environmental ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Kaluga Region

Climate change, namely global warming, remains at the forefront of the global environmental debate. At present, the international Paris Agreement, which aims to maintain the average temperature of the planet, is in force. The Russian Federation develops, annually updates, publishes and provides a national inventory of anthropogenic emissions and removals by sinks of all greenhouse gases. Each region shall annually conduct an inventory of greenhouse gas emissions and removals on its territory. According to international recommendations and methods for estimating greenhouse gas emissions and removals, the base year should be 1990, because then it becomes possible to carry out an analysis for a multi-year period. Different methodological bases and instructions of the Russian Ministry of Natural Resources are used to estimate GHG emissions and removals. Inventory of greenhouse gas emissions and removals in Kaluga region for the period 1990, 2012-2017 was conducted by JSC "Research Institute of Atmosphere", and for 2018 – LLC Ecoanalitika. The amount of absorbed greenhouse gases was considered for such land categories as forest land, arable land, fodder land, lands of settlements and special purpose lands. GHG emissions were estimated by the sectors "Energy" (Section I), "Industrial Processes and Product Use" (PIP) (Section II), "Agriculture" (Section III) and "Waste" (Section IV). The calculation of greenhouse gas emissions may be of varying complexity. The higher the level of complexity, the more accurate the results. Presented data for 1990, 2012-2018 show that GHG emissions excluding absorption increased by 5 per cent, while emissions excluding absorption decreased by 38 per cent. The presented chart shows that the largest amount of emissions is in the Energy Sector. The results of the assessment of GHG emissions and removals should be used in planning the development of the annual inventory.

scholarly journals Municipal solid waste management in Russia: potentials of climate change mitigation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Wünsch ◽  
A. Tsybina
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste Management ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Basic Scenario ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe goal of this study was to assess the impact of the introduction of various waste management methods on the amount of greenhouse gas emissions from these activities. The assessment was carried out on the example of the Russian waste management sector. For this purpose, three scenarios had been elaborated for the development of the Russian waste management sector: Basic scenario, Reactive scenario and Innovative scenario. For each of the scenarios, the amount of greenhouse gas emissions generated during waste management was calculated. The calculation was based on the 2006 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories. The results of the greenhouse gas net emissions calculation are as follows: 64 Mt CO2-eq./a for the basic scenario, 12.8 Mt CO2-eq./a for the reactive scenario, and 3.7 Mt CO2-eq./a for the innovative scenario. An assessment was made of the impact of the introduction of various waste treatment technologies on the amounts of greenhouse gas emissions generated in the waste management sector. An important factor influencing the reduction in greenhouse gas emissions from landfills is the recovery and thermal utilization of 60% of the generated landfill gas. The introduction of a separate collection system that allows to separately collect 20% of the total amount of generated municipal solid waste along with twofold increase in the share of incinerated waste leads to a more than threefold reduction in total greenhouse gas emissions from the waste management sector.

scholarly journals Environment, Climate Change and the Green Economy

2021 ◽  
pp. 9-20
Author(s):  
Jason Samuel Ogola
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Limpopo Province ◽  
Green Economy ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

AbstractTo identify and evaluate possible impacts of climate change on transportation in Limpopo province, it is necessary to define the scale and scope of the transportation system in the province and determine its sensitivities to climate change. This chapter, therefore locates the environment, climate change and the green economy matters in context. The science of climate change is explored, while the main sources of greenhouse gases are discussed. Additionally, the impacts of climate change in South Africa is outlined. Strategies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) in the transport sector are provided.

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