Foliar applications of phosphate increase the yield of essential oil inmenthol mint (Mentha arvensis)

2003 ◽  
Vol 43 (10) ◽  
pp. 1263 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ram ◽  
R. Singh ◽  
D. Ram ◽  
R. S. Sangwan
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Orthophosphoric Acid ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Metabolic Model ◽  
Diammonium Phosphate ◽  
Oil Yield ◽  
Phosphate Effect ◽  
Essential Oil Yield

Field experiments were conducted at Lucknow, India, to study the effect of foliar application of orthophosphoric acid and diammonium phosphate filtrate on the biosynthesis and yield of essential oil in transplanted menthol mint: a foliage rich and vegetatively harvested crop. A foliar spray of 10% diammonium phosphate filtrate on the plants of menthol mint enhanced the biosynthesis of essential oil in the leaves to the extent of 15.6–18.7% over the control. A spray of 0.1% orthophosphoric acid gave an increase in the range 8.0–9.4%. When different varieties of menthol mint were sprayed with 10% diammonium phosphate filtrate, the variety Kosi exhibited 13, 78.3 and 66% higher essential oil yield over the varieties Himalaya, Hariti and Kalka, respectively. At the same concentration of spray, the variety Kosi enhanced the essential oil yield by 60% compared with that of the control. The early transplanted crop (18 March) was found to be good in terms of higher essential oil production by about 31% than the later transplanted crop (31 March). It is recommended that in order to get a high essential oil yield from a transplanted mint crop, a foliar spray of 10% diammonium phosphate filtrate should be applied twice, first in the second week of April and second in the first week of June. The optimum time to transplant mint plantlets in the field is the third week of March. A putative working metabolic model of the phosphate effect on biosynthesis of essential oil in volatile plants has been proposed.

scholarly journals Effect of plant growth regulators and organic manure on some morphological characters, biomass and essential oil yield of dragonhead (Dracocephalum moldavica) / Augalų augimo reguliatorių ir organinių trąšų poveikis darželinės žiomenės (Dracocephalum moldavica) morfologiniams požymiams, biomasei ir eterinio aliejaus išeigai

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yousef Nasiri
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Farmyard Manure ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Oil Yield ◽  
Essential Oil Yield

AbstractTo study the effect of farmyard manure and plant growth regulators on yield and essential oils of dragonhead, an outdoor experiment was conducted in Maragheh, Iran. The experiment was carried out based on randomized complete block design with three replications. Three amounts of farmyard manure (FYM) including 0, 10 and 20 t/ha together with foliar growth regulators including 0, salicylic acid (SA), ascorbic acid (ASc) and SA + ASc were used. The results revealed that application of 10 and 20 t/ha farmyard manure significantly increased plant height and the number of lateral stems. However, application of 20 t/ha led to the increase of the number of the main and flowering stems, biomass and essential oil percentage of dragonhead compared to control. The effect of growth regulators on the number of lateral and flowering stems, and biomass was significant: foliar application of SA and ASc separately or in combination increased the number of lateral stems; however, the number of flowering stems and biomass of dragonhead increased only when both growth regulators were used in combination (SA + ASc). The results also indicated that the highest length of inflorescence (13.57 cm) and essential oil yield (41.83 kg/ha), by 31.4 and 126.3% increment, respectively, were observed under foliar application of 20 t/ha farmyard manure together with SA + ASc application compared to the control.

scholarly journals Effect of salicylic acid foliar application on growth, glandular hairs and essential oil yield in Salvia officinalis L. grown under zinc stress

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatima Zohra Es-sbihi ◽  
Zakaria Hazzoumi ◽  
Khalid Amrani Joutei
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
Salvia Officinalis ◽  
Oil Yield ◽  
Glandular Hairs ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Essential Oil Yield ◽  
Zn Stress

Abstract Background Generally, zinc (Zn) is an essential element and acts as a plant nutrient, but at higher concentrations, it is toxic. Higher uptake and translocation of Zn into plant tissues can cause serious physiological and biochemical alterations. However, salicylic acid (SA) is an endogenous regulator of growth and signaling molecule responsible for inducing environmental stress tolerance in plants. Therefore, spray application of SA could provide protection against several types of stresses such as Zn toxicity. In this context, the ameliorative effect of SA (0.5 and 1 mM) on Salvia officinalis L. under Zn stress (40 mM) was studied. Results Zn stress decreased growth, chlorophyll content, essential oil yield and peltate glandular trichome density. This toxicity can be linked to a strong accumulation of Zn in the various parts of the plant. In addition, Zn stress disturbed nutrients assimilation (K, P and Ca). However, spray of SA, particularly at 0.5 mM improved all parameters studied under both Zn and normal conditions. The positive effects of SA under Zn stress condition may be due to the decrease of Zn accumulation in different parts of the plant. This decrease was accompanied by an increase in K, P and Ca content. In addition, the histological study of S. officinalis leaves showed the presence of two types of glandular hairs, the peltate and capitate glands. In the leaves of stressed plants, we noticed the presence of glands with deformations in the form of pockets in the number of one or more as well as the glands with an oval form. On the other hand, all these abnormalities glands were not detected in stressed plants that were sprayed with SA. Therefore, the absence of these anomalies under the effect of SA showed the remedial effect of this growth regulator. Conclusion The findings of the present work suggest that spraying SA maybe useful for improving the plant growth in Zn-contaminated areas.

Salinity and cation foliar application: Implications on essential oil yield and composition of hydroponically grown spearmint plants

2019 ◽  
Vol 256 ◽  
pp. 108581 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonios Chrysargyris ◽  
Sofia Loupasaki ◽  
Spyridon A. Petropoulos ◽  
Nikos Tzortzakis
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Oil Yield ◽  
Hydroponically Grown ◽  
Essential Oil Yield

scholarly journals Variation in yield and biochemical factors of German chamomile (Matricaria recutita L.) under foliar application of osmolytes and drought stress conditions

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-100
Author(s):  
Farhad Masoudi Sadaghiani ◽  
Majid Amini Dehaghi ◽  
Alireza Pirzad ◽  
Mohammad Hossein Fotokian
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Oil Yield ◽  
Severe Drought ◽  
Mild Stress ◽  
Severe Stress ◽  
Essential Oil Yield

Introduction: Chamomile is one of the oldest and most valuable medicinal plants from the Asteraceae family. In addition to pharmaceutical uses, its essential oil is extensively used in perfumery, cosmetics, food industry and aromatherapy. This experiment was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of osmolytes foliar application on biochemical characteristics, and the yield of German chamomile under drought stress conditions. Methods: The experiment was conducted as a split plot with randomized complete block design with three replications during the 2016-2017 growing season. Three levels of irrigation, 50 (control), 100 (mild stress) and 150 mm (severe stress) evaporation from evaporation pan class A, and spraying treatments, NS (no-spraying), W (distilled water), MeJA (methyl jasmonate), SA (salicylic acid), HA (humic acid), GB (glycine betaine) and GABA (γ-aminobutyric acid) were considered as the main plots and sub-plots, respectively. Results: Analyzed data indicated that proline, total soluble sugars (TSS), and essential oil yield were enhanced with the increase of drought intensity and the maximum amount was registered under severe stress, while the severe drought caused a substantial reduction in protein concentration of leaves and dried flower yield. Proline concentration of leaves significantly increased with exogenously applied spraying treatments under severe drought. All spraying treatments except GB under severe stress, caused higher TSS concentration than those subjected to mild stress. SA, HA, and GABA treated plants had significantly higher protein concentration compared to NS treatment. Plants that treated with GABA had the highest dried flower and essential oil yield. Conclusion: The present study suggests that osmolytes foliar application can ameliorate the detrimental effects of drought on chamomile plant through alteration in yield and biochemical variables.

scholarly journals Correction to: Effect of salicylic acid foliar application on growth, glandular hairs and essential oil yield in Salvia officinalis L. grown under zinc stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatima Zohra Es-sbihi ◽  
Zakaria Hazzoumi ◽  
Khalid Amrani Joutei
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Salvia Officinalis ◽  
Oil Yield ◽  
Zinc Stress ◽  
Glandular Hairs ◽  
Salvia Officinalis L ◽  
Essential Oil Yield

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.

scholarly journals Identification of VOCs in essential oils extracted using ultrasound- and microwave-assisted methods from sweet cherry flower

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Huimin Zhang ◽  
Hongguang Yan ◽  
Quan Li ◽  
Hui Lin ◽  
Xiaopeng Wen
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Dimethyl Sulfide ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Oil Yield ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
Essential Oil Yield

AbstractThe floral fragrance of plants is an important indicator in their evaluation. The aroma of sweet cherry flowers is mainly derived from their essential oil. In this study, based on the results of a single-factor experiment, a Box–Behnken design was adopted for ultrasound- and microwave-assisted extraction of essential oil from sweet cherry flowers of the Brooks cultivar. With the objective of extracting the maximum essential oil yield (w/w), the optimal extraction process conditions were a liquid–solid ratio of 52 mL g−1, an extraction time of 27 min, and a microwave power of 435 W. The essential oil yield was 1.23%, which was close to the theoretical prediction. The volatile organic compounds (VOCs) of the sweet cherry flowers of four cultivars (Brooks, Black Pearl, Tieton and Summit) were identified via headspace solid phase microextraction (SPME) and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). The results showed that a total of 155 VOCs were identified and classified in the essential oil from sweet cherry flowers of four cultivars, 65 of which were shared among the cultivars. The highest contents of VOCs were aldehydes, alcohols, ketones and esters. Ethanol, linalool, lilac alcohol, acetaldehyde, (E)-2-hexenal, benzaldehyde and dimethyl sulfide were the major volatiles, which were mainly responsible for the characteristic aroma of sweet cherry flowers. It was concluded that the VOCs of sweet cherry flowers were qualitatively similar; however, relative content differences were observed in the four cultivars. This study provides a theoretical basis for the metabolism and regulation of the VOCs of sweet cherry flowers.

scholarly journals Essential Oils of Four Virginia Mountain Mint (Pycnanthemum virginianum) Varieties Grown in North Alabama

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1397
Author(s):  
William N. Setzer ◽  
Lam Duong ◽  
Trang Pham ◽  
Ambika Poudel ◽  
Cuong Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
University Research ◽  
Oil Yield ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Continuous Extraction ◽  
Chromatographic Techniques ◽  
Relative Differences ◽  
Essential Oil Yield ◽  
Very High

Virginia mountain mint (Pycnanthemum virginianum) is a peppermint-flavored aromatic herb of the Lamiaceae and is mainly used for culinary, medicinal, aromatic, and ornamental purposes. North Alabama’s climate is conducive to growing mint for essential oils used in culinary, confectionery, and medicinal purposes. There is, however, a need for varieties of P. virginianum that can be adapted and easily grown for production in North Alabama. Towards this end, four field-grown varieties with three harvesting times (M1H1, M1H2, M1H3; M2H1, M2H2, M2H3; M3H1, M3H2, M3H3, M4H1, M4H2, M4H3) were evaluated for relative differences in essential oil yield and composition. Thirty-day-old greenhouse-grown plants of the four varieties were transplanted on raised beds in the field at the Alabama A & M University Research Station in North Alabama. The plots were arranged in a randomized complete block with three replications. The study’s objective was to compare the four varieties for essential oil yield and their composition at three harvest times, 135, 155, and 170 days after planting (DAP). Essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation with continuous extraction with dichloromethane using a Likens–Nickerson apparatus and analyzed by gas chromatographic techniques. At the first harvest, the essential oil yield of the four varieties showed that M1H1 had a yield of 1.15%, higher than M2H1, M3H1, and M4H1 with 0.91, 0.76, and 1.03%, respectively. The isomenthone concentrations increased dramatically through the season in M1 (M1H1, M1H2, M1H3) by 19.93, 54.7, and 69.31%, and M3 (M3H1, M3H2, M3H3) by 1.81, 48.02, and 65.83%, respectively. However, it increased only slightly in M2 and M4. The thymol concentration decreased slightly but not significantly in all four varieties; the thymol in M2 and M4 was very high compared with M1 and M3. The study showed that mountain mint offers potential for production in North Alabama. Two varieties, M1 and M3, merit further studies to determine yield stability, essential oil yield, composition, and cultivation development practices.

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